Monitoring media coverage of the 2016 elections: January Report

7/26/2019 Monitoring media coverage of the 2016 elections: January Report

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Media Coverage of th2016 Elections

January 2016 findings


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BACKGROUNDWhy monitor media coverage of elections?

The goal of ACMEs project is to contribute to accurate, fair, impa

balanced coverage of the 2016 elections. ACMEs specific objecti To monitor, document and share trends in media coverage of t

general elections.

To monitor media compliance with election reporting guidelineregulations.

To influence journalists, editors and media owners to provide inthat is more accurate, impartial and fair.

To empower civil society and the public to demand adherence professional standards in media coverage of elections.


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MethodologyScope of study:

A purposive sample of print and electronic media.

January 2015 coverage of presidential and parliamentary elnewspaper, television and radio.

Media content types: news, current affairs, and commentar

Data collection method:

Story/article is the unit of analysis.Content analysis.

Key informant interviews.


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Sampling (1)

9 newspapers5 televisions channels

33 radio stations

Choice constitutes a purposive sample designed to capture althe election coverage to which the electorate is exposed.


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Sampling (2)

PRINT PUBLICATIONS (9) TELEVISION (5)

Dailies - New Vision, DailyMonitor, Red Pepper, Bukedde

Public channels

UBCBukedde

Weeklies - The Independent,

Etop, Rupiny and Orumuri

Private channels NT

Uganda, NBS & WBS

Tri-weekly - The Observer


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Sampling (3)

RADIO (33)

Languages: English, Luganda, Ateso, Luo, Lumasaba, LusogLugbara and Runyakitara

Stations: UBC, Bukedde, Arua One, Baba FM, Buddu FM, B

FM, Capital Radio, Central Broadcasting Services, Dokolo,

Broadcasting Services, Kasese Guide, KFM, Kioga Veritus F

FM, Nenah, Nile, Open Gate FM, Radio Amani, Radio pacisRhino, Radio Sapienta, Radio West, Rock FM, Rukungiri FM

FM, Simba, Spice FM, Sun, Top Radio, Voice of Africa FM, V

Kigezi, Voice of Life, Voice of Teso, Voice of Toro


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Monitoring/Research Questions (1

What topics do the media focus on in their coverage of the el

What type of reports do the media produce [news,commentary/opinion, features/special reports, etc]?

What is the nature of the reporting [conventional, interpretatinvestigative, enterprise]?

Who are the sources in media coverage [ordinary people, parcandidates, regulators, civil society, diplomats, religious leadergovernment officials, local leaders, police/security, etc]?

What is the number and gender of the sources?

Which political parties are focused on in media coverage?


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Monitoring/Research Questions (2

Which presidential candidates are focused on in media covera

How much time or space is dedicated to each party?How much time or space is dedicated to each presidential can

What is the tone of coverage?

What is the frequency of personal attacks in media coverage?

Do media houses offer the right of reply?

How often do news stories interrogate candidate or party pro

How often do news stories include background and context?


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CUMULATIVE RESULTS


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Cumulative number of election stor

Newspaper: Since September, newspapers have publi

total of 3,453 election stories. Daily Monitor has the hcumulative number of stories and Rupinyhas the leas

Television: TV stations have aired a total of 1,562 elecstories since November. NTV Uganda tops in having thhighest number of election stories, while WBS TV has

number.Radio: Since November, radio stations have aired a to2,587 election stories.


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Cumulative No. of election stories - news

Rupiny

Orumuri

The Independent

Etop

The Observer

Bukedde

Red Pepper

New Vision

Monitor

1.7

1.7

3.0

3.4

10.5

12.8

19.9

20.8

Cumulative No. of election stories -newspaper (%) N=3,453


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Cumulative No. of election stories by news

1.7 10.7 6.9 13.2 13.6 10.3 6.4 16.8 8.3

25.217.2

14.6 11.6 12.2 15.8 133.9

41.7

23.3

16.420.1

32.924.4 29.1

2

39.0 23.317.5

35.3 26.217.0

22.126.5 2

20.3 25.0 23.3 24.1 25.9 24.9 31.0 22.2 2

Cumulative No. of election stories by publication (%)

September October November December January


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Cumulative No. of election stories - telev

WBS

UBC

Bukedde

NBS

NTV Uganda

12.4

14.1

18.1

25.4

Cumulative No. of election stories - TV (%) N=1,562


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Cumulative No. of election stories by TV sta

WBS UBC Bukedde NBS NTV Uganda

24.4 25.936.4 33.5 31.6

26.435.5

21.6

45.140.1

49.238.6 42.0

21.428.4

Election stories by station (%) N=1,562

November December January


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Cumulative space/time to election st

Newspaper: Since September, newspapers have provitotal of 2,493,564.45Cm2 space to election stories. Neallocated more space to election stories while Orumuprovided the least space.

Television: Since November, TV stations have allottedminutes to election reporting. NBS TV provided more

election stories, while WBS came last.Radio: Radio stations have dedicated 9,616.95 minuteelection reporting since November.


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Cumulative space to stories - newspap

Orumuri

Rupiny

Etop

The Independent

The Observer

Bukedde

Red Pepper

Monitor

New Vision

1.0

1.1

2.2

4.6

11.0

15.1

16.5

23.4

Space to elections (%) Area=2,493,564.45Cm2


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Cumulative space to stories by newspa

3.6 5.6 8.3 4.2 8.810.5 8.57.1

15.7

25.2 16.4

13.5

18.9 10.8 19.2

45.635.0

22.8

13.2 22.5

25.6 34.8 19.4

28.615.0

27.5

4.8

39.8 18.5

31.1

26.2

18.730.8

18.8

57.3

20.0 28.1 12.8 26.6

Cumulative space to stories by publication (%)

September October November December January


18/112

Cumulative time to stories - televisi

WBS

Bukedde

UBC

NTV Uganda

NBS

8.5

12.4

16.2

Time by station (%) Time=9,354.37 minutes


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Cumulative time to stories by TV sta

WBS Bukedde UBC NBS NTV Ugand

26.541.6 44.4 44.9

49.1

20.5

25.233.7 37.7 24.8

53.0

33.221.9 17.4 26.2

Time to stories by station (%) Time=9,354.37 minutes



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JANUARY RESULTS & TREN


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Number of election stories - newspa

Rupiny

Orumuri

The Independent

Etop

The Observer

Bukedde

New Vision

Red Pepper

Monitor

1.4

1.7

2.7

3.2

10.7

12.5

18.1

24.

Number of election stories (%) N=877


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Number of election stories - televis

NBS

UBC

WBS

Bukedde

NTV Uganda

16.4

16.4

18.4

23.0

Election stories by station (%) N=517


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Space to election stories - newspap

Rupiny

Orumuri

Etop

Bukedde

The Observer

The Independent

Red Pepper

New Vision

Monitor

0.9

1.3

1.8

8.3

8.4

11.4

19.8

21.5

Space to publications (%) Area=582,579.36


24/112

Time to election stories - televisio

UBC

Bukedde

WBS

NBS

NTV Uganda

13.8

16.0

17.6

22.0

Time by station (%) Time=2,409.13 minutes


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Most covered presidential candida

Newspaper: In January, newspapers dedicated 476,382.52Cm2presidential candidates. Museveni was covered most and Bwa

Television: In January, TV stations allotted 1,905.92 minutes tocandidates. Museveni most covered and Mabirizi least covered

Radio: A total of 1,898.96 minutes was dedicated to presidentby radio stations monitored in January. Museveni was most co

Overall trend: The general trend for newspaper, TV and radio sin space and time allocated to Museveni, Besigye and MbabazDecember and January and a significant rise in coverage to KyaBaryamureeba, Biraro and Bwanika. This is attributed to the pdebate in the middle of the month that gave them more media


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Most covered candidate - newspap

Bwanika

Baryamureeba

Kyalya

Biraro

Mabirizi

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

3.6

4.2

4.5

4.6

4.6

16.4

22.5

Space to candidates (%) Area=476,382.52Cm2

d d d b


27/112

Most covered candidate by newspape

13.4 10.720.2

14.6 10.4

42.3

64.7

15.528.91.2 7.4

8.3

0.9 2.1

0.8

9.6

1.3

1.8

14.1

8.3

1.7

2.1

0.5

10.90.4

13.3

24.8 17.3

16.3

2.1

13.7

14.6 27.0

1.1

5.9

0.8

2.1

0.8 10.71.0

1.1

9.0

1.1

2.1

0.5

11.2

1.8

1.4

7.6

0.8

2.1

0.5

10.8

5.766.7

43.0

23.5

63.9

77.1

40.835.3

16.8

33.9

Space to candidates (%) Area=476,382.52Cm2

d did l i i


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Most covered candidate - television

Mabirizi

Kyalya

Bwanika

Biraro

Baryamureeba

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

2.5

3.4

4.5

4.6

6.6

14.8

18.4

Time to candidates - TV (%) Time=1,905.92 minutes

M d did b TV i


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Most covered candidate by TV statio

Bukedde NBS NTV Uganda UBC WBS

25.2

12.4

24.4

6.2

16.7

1.2

3.5

14.4

2.3

2.7

3.1

2.8

8.8

0.6

2.7

20.3

21.3

16.6

5.2

7.8

5.8

2.9

4.2

1.9

7.5

0.9

2.7

2.8

2.2

3.3

0.4

2.6

4.9

0.6

6.1

43.351.9

23.9

81.1

53.2

Time to candidates by stations (%) Time=1,905.90 minutes

M t d did t di


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Most covered candidate - radio

Bwanika

Mabirizi

Baryamureeba

Kyalya

Biraro

Mbabazi

Besigye

Museveni

2.3

2.4

2.6

3.1

3.5

24.4

24.4

Time to candidates (%)Time=1,898.96 minutes

#T d M t d did t


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#Trends: Most covered candidate newspa

21.119.8

16.4

25.728.0

22.5

39.0

44.2

39.7

November December Januar

Besigye Mbabazi Museveni

#T d M t d did t


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#Trends: Most covered candidate newspa

3.0

2.1

4.6

3.4

2.5

4.2

2.6

1.5

3.6

2.3

0.3

4.6

2.9

1.6

4.5


Mabirizi Baryamureeba Bwanika Biraro Kyalya

#Trends Most co ered candidate tele is


33/112

#Trends: Most covered candidate televis

19.120.2

14.8

24.2

18.9 18.4

32.8

53.4

45.2





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3.7

1.32.53.3

0.5

4.6

4.3

0.4

3.43.5

3.5

4.5

9.1

1.8

6.6


Mabirizi Biraro Kyalya Bwanika Baryamureeba

#Trends: Most covered candidate radio


35/112


17.4

20.8

24.427.5 28.2

24.4

39.3

46.7

37.3





36/112


1.7

0.7

2.4

1.7

0.5

3.5

3.0

1.3

2.3

4.6

0.1

3.1

4.7

1.7

2.6


Mabirizi Biraro Bwanika Kyalya Baryamureeba

Radio news coverage of elections per r


37/112

Radio news coverage of elections per r

Most election stories aired in January were by radio Kampala, while radios from western region had the l

number of election stories. Among the top 10 radio monitored, KFM had more election stories while Caphad the least number.

Similarly, radio stations in Kampala allocated the hig

percentage of airtime to election stories. Western reprovided the least time to election stories. Among thradio stations, Baba FM allocated more time to electreporting while UBC Blue Channel allotted the least

Number of radio news stories per reg


38/112

Number of radio news stories per reg

Western

North-Western/West Nile

Northern

South-Western

Eastern

Central

Kampala

5

6.6

6.7

7.6

15.4

26.5

Number of radio news stories per region (%)

Number of radio news stories by


39/112

Number of radio news stories bytop 10 radio stations

Capital Radio

Kagadi Broadcasting Services

Simba

Radio Sapientia

Central Broadcasting Service

Voice of Africa FM

Baba FM

Sun

UBC Blue Channel

KFM

4.8

5.1

5.2

5.5

5.8

6.4

6.5

6.7

7.2

Number of news stories (%)

Radio time to election coverage per re


40/112

Radio time to election coverage per re

Western

Northern

North-Western/West Nile

South-Western

Eastern

Central

Kampala

3.2

6.0

8.3

9.5

20.4

Time to election coverage (%)

Radio time to election coverage b


41/112

Radio time to election coverage btop 10 radio stations

UBC Blue Channel

Radio Amani

Radio Sapientia

Central Broadcasting Service

Sun

Voice of Africa FM

Simba

Kagadi Broadcasting Services

KFM

Baba FM

5.0

5.1

5.3

5.3

5.8

5.9

6.1

6.4

Time to election coverage by top 10 radio stations (%)

T f l ti


42/112

Type of election

In January, the presidential election was the most cnewspaper, TV and radio. The parliamentary polls re

least coverage.

For instance, an analysis of New Vision, Daily Monitor,Observerand Red Pepper shows that the parliamentamade the lead headline on front page only twice for a

publications combined.Overall trend: Since September, the general media trethe presidential election getting more coverage.

Type of election by media type


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Type of election by media type

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Newspaper TV Radio

71.379.3

66.0

17.3 5.2

12.7

11.4 15.521.3

Type of election (%)

Type of election by newspaper


44/112

Type of election by newspaper

78.6 81.5 78.7

59.665.5

39.3

16.7

73.3

91.7

8.810.8

5.328.6 21.8

35.775.0

26.7

4.212.6 7.7 16.0 11.7 12.725.0

8.3 4.2

Type of election by newspaper (N=877)

Type of election by television station


45/112

Type of election by television station


68.977.6

89.578.8 80.0

8.4

9.4

0.8

5.9 3.2

22.712.9 9.8

15.3 16.8

Type of election by TV station (%) N=517


46/112

Front page coverage

Museveni (NRM) had the most coverage on newspcover in January. 30.2% front page coverage was deto him. He was followed by Mbabazi (IndependentBesigye (FDC).

Overall trend: Since November, Museveni has domina

front page. In September and October, Mbabazi was mcovered on front page.

Front page coverage - newspaper


47/112

o t page co e age e spape

Mabirizi

Kyalya

Bwanika

Baryamureeba

Biraro

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

3.8

3.8

4.2

4.7

4.7

20.8

27.8

Front page coverage (%) N=877, N1=100, n=212

Front page coverage by newspaper


48/112

p g g y p p

Bukedde Etop Monitor New Vision Orumuri Red Pepper The Observer

16.7

28.2

18.210.0

42.6

28.6

8.3

25.0

5.6

3.0

10.0

2.1

2.98.3

25.0 5.6

3.010.0

2.1

2.9

16.7

25.0

21.1

15.2

10.0

19.1

31.48.3

5.6

3.010.0

2.1 2.9

8.3

4.2

3.0

10.0

2.1 2.98.34.2

3.0

10.0

2.1 2.9

25.0 25.0 25.4

51.5

30.0 27.7 25.7

Front page coverage (%) N=877, N1=100, n=212

#Trends: Front page coverage of candi


49/112

Baryamureeba

Biraro

Bwanika

Mabirizi

Kyalya

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

2

DECEMBER (%) N=827, N1=9

Baryamureeba

Bwanika

Mabirizi

Other

Museveni

Besigye

Mbabazi

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

2

OCTOBER (%) N=493, N1=5

Bwanika

Biraro

Mabirizi

Kyalya

Baryamureeba

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

2.7

3.1

3.1

3.7

6.1

21.0

28.831.5

NOVEMBER (%) N=920, N1=186, n=295

Mabirizi

Kyalya

Bwanika

Baryamureeba

Biraro

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

3.8

3.8

4.2

4.7

4.7

20.8

27.8

30.2

JANUARY (%) N=877, N1=100, n=212

M i d did


50/112

Most pictured candidate

Museveni was the most pictured presidential candidJanuary by newspapers, while Bwanika was the least p

Most pictured candidate - newspape


51/112

p p p

Bwanika

Kyalya

Biraro

Mabirizi

Baryamureeba

Besigye

Mbabazi

Museveni

3.4

3.7

4.1

4.3

4.9

20.3

21.8

Most pictured candidate - newspaper (%) n=680

Camera angles for pictured candidate


52/112

g p

Panorama Mugshot Closeup Wideshot Fullshot

20.4 22.226.7

19.9 18.9

1.38.6 3.7

5.8 7.41.2 2.5 9.4 5.3

26.317.3

22.4 15.7 18.9

3.73.7

4.2 6.30.7

4.93.1

6.37.41.2

3.1 6.37.4

51.340.7

34.8 32.528.4

Camera angle (%) n=680


53/112

Most covered topic

Politics was the most covered topic in January bynewspaper, television and TV.

Overall trend: The general media trend shows politicsmost covered topic since September. Economy, infrastsecurity and health have also been the top most cove

by all three media types since September.

Most covered topic newspaper & T


54/112

Foreign affairs

Other

Land

Energy

Corruption

Natural resources

Human rights

Agriculture

Education

Health

Security

Infrastructure

Economy

Politics

0.8

0.8

3.0

3.1

3.5

3.7

4.8

6.9

7.4

7.9

8.1

8.6

11.2

30.5

Newspaper (%) n=1,719

Foreign affairs

Other

Corruption

Land

Natural resources

Human rights

Energy

Agriculture

Education

Infrastructure

Health

Security

Economy

Politics

0.6

1.0

2.8

3.1

3.1

4.7

5.0

6.0

7.9

8.4

8.7

9.3

11.4

28.0

TV (%) n=1,114

Other

Foreign affairs

Land

Energy

Natural resources

Corruption

Agriculture

Education

Health

Human rights

Infrastructure

Economy

Security

Politics

Radio (%) n

#Trends: Most covered topic newsp


55/112

p p

Foreign affairs

other

Natural resources

Land

Energy

Corruption

Human rights

Agriculture

Education

Security

Infrastructure

Health

Economy

Politics

0.4

0.9

2.3

2.3

3.0

4.4

4.5

7.0

7.4

7.4

8.7

10.0

10.4

31.5

DECEMBER (%) n=1,720

Foreign affairs

Other

Land

Natural

Energy

Human rights

Corruption

Agriculture

Health

Security

Infrastructure

Education

Economy

Politics

0.9

1.85

2.25

2.6

3.34.0

5.4

6.7

7.6

8.3

8.4

9.311.4

28.1

NOVEMBER (%) n=2,115

Foreign affairs

Other

Land

Energy

Corruption

Natural resources

Human rights

Agriculture

Education

Health

Security

Infrastructure

Economy

Politics

JANUA

#Trends: Most covered topic

-

televis


56/112

Foreign affairs

Other

Land

Natural resources

Energy

Human rights

Corruption

Health

Agriculture

Security

Education

Infrastructure

Economy

Politics

0.7

1

1.5

1.9

3.7

4.4

5

6.8

7.3

8.2

8.9

10

10.9

29.7


Foreign affairs

Land

Other

Corruption

Energy

Natural resources

Human rights

Agriculture

Education

Security

Health

Economy

Infrastructure

Politics

0.4

2.1

2.1

2.4

2.4

2.4

4.6

6.5

7.2

8.7

10.2

10.2

11.4

29.5


Foreign affairs

Other

Corruption

Land

Natural resources

Human rights

Energy

Agriculture

Education

Infrastructure

Health

Security

Economy

Politics

0

1

JANUAR

#Trends: Most covered topic

-

rad


57/112

Foreign affairs

Other

Natural resources

Land

Energy

Corruption

Agriculture

Human rights

Infrastructure

Health

Education

Security

Economy

Politics

0.5

0.7

1.5

1.7

1.72.9

5.0

5.7

6.1

6.7

7.1

7.8

7.9

44.8


Foreign affairs

Land

Natural

Other

Energy

Human rights

Agriculture

Health

Corruption

Education

Security

InfrastructureEconomy

Politics

0.9

0.9

1.1

1.7

1.8

5.0

5.4

5.5

5.5

7.2

7.2

8.08.1

41.8


Other

Foreign affairs

Land

Energy

Natural resources

Corruption

Agriculture

Education

Health

Human rights

Infrastructure

Economy

Security

Politics

1.1

1.1

1.5

1.8

2.0

2.2

3.9

5.

5.

5.

7

8

JANUA

Tone of coverage


58/112

The general media tone has been neutral since Sep

General trend: Other than radio, newspaper and TV ra drop in number of stories with neutral tone betweeDecember and January.

The positive tone on an upward trend, while negaton a downward trend for all three media types.

Tone of coverage by media type


59/112

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Newspaper TV Radio

21.6 26.9 18.8

63.364.1

71.3

15.1 9 9.9

Tone of coverage (%)

Tone of coverage by newspaper


60/112

13.0 25.8 16.1 10.8

58.2

6.7 10.0 13

80.5 57.4 71.0

60.1

39.2

93.3100.0

90.0

59

6.516.8 12.9

29.1

2.5

27

Tone of coverage (%) N=877, N1=615

Tone of coverage by TV station


61/112


29.0 24.734.9

20.5 20.7

67.363.0

50.4 76.969.6

3.712.3 14.7

2.6

9.8

Tone of coverage by TV station (%) N=517, N1=479

Tone of coverage in newspaper by cand


62/112

14.4

34.226.8 17.5 22.2 30.8 31.4 21.6

66.1

55.363.4

64.469.4 56.4

62.9

61.1

19.510.5 9.8

18.08.3 12.8

5.717.2

Tone of coverage (%) N=877, N1=554, n=938

Tone of coverage in TV by candidat


63/112

22.0

42.950.0

25.2

35.1 37.046.2

29.1

61.4

51.446.9

62.2

62.251.9

46.266.4

16.75.7 3.1

12.62.7

11.1 7.74.5

Tone of coverage by candidate (%) n=620

Tone of coverage in radio by candid


64/112

17.8 15.8 19.6 16.4 17.8 15.6 17.5 18.2

70.7 81.680.4

74.682.2

78.182.5

73.6

11.5 9.0 6.3 8.2

Tone of coverage (%) n=832

#Trends: Tone of coverage - newspa


65/112

20.513.6

30.4

17.7 21

5858.2

56.4

66.763

21.428.2

13.215.6 15

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

September October November December Jan


Positive Neutral Negative

#Trends: Tone of coverage - televisi


66/112

27.9

20.1

26.9

62.1

69.9

64.1

1010.0

9.0

010

20

30

40

50

60

70

80




#Trends: Tone of coverage - radio


67/112

32

24.3 18

60 63.5

71

8 12.2 90

10

20

30

40

50

6070

80

November December Janu



Reporting approach


68/112

Reporting approach

Conventional reporting approach dominant for all tmedia in January.

General trend: The findings show an upward trend inconventional reporting for newspaper, TV and radio bDecember and January.

Reporting approach by media typ


69/112

Newspaper TV Radio

71.5

87.7 91.1

8.1

4.8 5.710.1

20.310.3 5.52.9

Reporting approach (%)

Reporting approach by newspape


70/112

75.2 73.9

53.7

69.4

94.3

60.0

33.3

73.3

21.7

5.0 8.3

13.4

6.2

1.9

28.0

11.1

13.3

30.4

8.5

8.3

16.414.8

1.94.0

11.1

21.7

11.3 9.4 16.49.6

1.98.0

44.4

13.326.1

Reporting approach (%) N=877, N1=774

Reporting approach by television


71/112


99.1

62.5

91.5 91.686.3

13.8

0.8 8.4

5.37.5

0.8

3.2

0.9

16.3

6.95.3

Reporting approach (%) N=517, N1=505

#Trends: Reporting approach - newsp


72/112

September October November December Janu

70.2

61.5

75.3 69.8 71.5

11.9 12.39.6 11.3 8.1

14.721.4

8.9 8.53.1

4.8 6.1

10.4


Conventional Interpretive Investigative Enterprise

#Trends: Reporting approach - televi


73/112


84.9

76.6

87.7

8.5 9.0 4.84.1

6.42.02.4

8.0 5


Conventional Interpretive Investigative Enterprise

#Trends: Reporting approach - rad


74/112


73.3

88.5 91.1

12.3

3.8 2.95.5 5.4 5.78.9

2.3 0


Conventional Enterprise Interpretive Investigative

Issues vs. personalities


75/112

Issue-based reporting dominant in January for newTV and radio.

Overall trend:Except for newspaper, the media registered significanincrease in the number of issue-based stories betweeDecember and January.

Issues vs. personalities by media ty


76/112

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Newspaper TV Radio

36.928.2 22.4

63.171.8 77.6

Issues Vs Personality (%)

Issues vs. personalities by newspap


77/112

13.8

40.033.3

41.8 45.658.8

100.0

59.1

86.2

60.066.7

58.2 54.441.2

100.0

40.9

Issue Vs Personality (%) N=877, N1=477

Issues vs. personalities by televisio


78/112


17.627.0

33.8 35.4 33.3

82.473.0

66.2 64.6 66.7

Issue Vs Personality (%) N=517, N1=312

#Trends: Issues vs. personality - newsp


79/112

39.5

57.2 59.7

66.56

60.5

42.8 40.3

33.53

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

September October November December Ja

Issue Vs Personality (%)

Issues Personality

#Trends: Issues vs. personalities - televIssue Vs Personality (%)


80/112

30.2 32.2 28.2

69.8 67.871.8

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0



Personality Issues

#Trends: Issues vs. personalities - ra


81/112

38.3

30.4

22.4

61.769.6

77.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

November December Janua


Personality Issues

Background and context


82/112

The media to a large extent provided background acontext to election stories in January.

Overall trend: Findings show a sharp decline in provisbackground and context for newspaper, TV and radio December and January.

Background & context by media ty


83/112

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Newspaper TV Radio

45.1 49.7

59.0

54.9 50.341.0

Background & context (%)

Background & context by newspap


84/112

61.845.3

16.3

57.7

14.9

22.2

81.8

42.9

38.254.7

83.7

42.3

85.177.8

100

18.2

57.1

Background & context by publication (%) N=877, N1=486

Background & context by televisio


85/112


62.0

38.2 46.2 52.5 47.7

38.0

61.853.8 47.5 52.3

Background & context by TV (%) N=517, N1=364

#Trends: Background & context - news


86/112

32.3 29.434.4 37.2

67.7

70.665.6

62.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80



No Yes

#Trends: Background & context - telev

Background & context

(%)


87/112

32.4

40.249.7

67.659.8 50.3

0

10

20

30

40

5060

70

80



No Yes

#Trends: Background & context - ra

B k d &

(%)


88/112

47.6 39

59.0

52.4

61

41.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70



No Yes

Interrogation of claims Generally, the media did not interrogate claims and


89/112

by presidential candidates in January.

For instance, an analysis of New Vision, Daily Monitor,

Observerand Red Pepper shows that only New Visionfront page lead stories on campaign promises (ofMuseveni/NRM) in January. The other three publicatio

Overall trend: Except for newspaper, the media regist

notable increase in the number of stories that interroclaims and promises of presidential candidates betweDecember and January.

Interrogation of claims by media ty

I t ti f l i & i (%)


90/112

Newspaper TV Radio

64.176.2 70.8

34.923.8 29.2

Interrogation of claims & promises (%)

Interrogation of claims by newspap

Interrogation of claims & promises (%) N 877 N1 421


91/112

67.3 65.5 66.774.7

41.4

83.3

10090.0

44.4

32.7 34.5 33.3

25.3

58.6

16.710.0

55.6

Interrogation of claims & promises (%) N=877, N1=421

Interrogation of claims & promises by te

i f l i (%) 323


92/112


94.1

55.1

75.885.5

65.0

5.9

44.9

24.2 14.535.0

Interrogation of claims (%) N=517, N1=323

#Trends: Interrogation of claims - news

Interrogation of claims (%)


93/112

61.9 63.4 62.2

61.8

38.1

36.637.8

38.2

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

September October November December J


No Yes

#Trends: Interrogation of claims - televInterrogation of claims (%)


94/112

70.8

81.576.2

29.2

18.5

23.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


No Yes

#Trends: Interrogation of claims - ra



95/112

70 76.2

70.8

3023.8

29.2

010

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90



No Yes

Sourcing (Number)


96/112

Most election stories by the media were single-souJanuary.

Overall trend: The media has been largely relying on ssourced stories since September.

Except newspapers that have been registering a desingle-sourced stories since November, the media r

a rise in number of single-sourced stories betweenDecember and January.

Number of sources by media type

Number of sources (%)


97/112

Newspaper TV Radio

56.668.8

78.4

19.3

18.9 14.39.7

75.214.4

5.32.1

f ( )

Single source Double sources Triple sources Multiple sources

#Trends: Number of sources - newspNumber of sources (%)


98/112

September October November December Jan

54.7

59.362.1

57.4 56.6

22.2

15.618.5

16.519

7.812.3

7.49.8

15.212.8 12.1

16.4


#Trends: Number of sources - televisNumber of sources (%)


99/112


63.358.8

68.8

23.6 23.218.9

7.4 10.0 7.05.7 8.0 5.3


#Trends: Number of sources - radiNumber of sources (%)


100/112


78.1 77.4 78.4

14.3 14.8 14.3

4.7 5.4 5.22.8 2.4

Single source Two sources Three sources Multiple sources

Sourcing (Type)

Male sources dominant in election stories by newsp


101/112

Male sources dominant in election stories by newspTV and radio in January.

Overall trend: Dominance of male sources across all tmedia since September.

Rise in number of male sources for all three media December and January.

Gender of sources by media typeGender of sources (%)


102/112

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Newspaper TV Radio

14.7 11.5 12.2

85.3 88.5 87.8

Gender of sources by newspaper

Gender of sources by newspaper (%) n=1,542


103/112

15.7 12.6 13.2 13.9 14.2

35.9 35.5

8.39.8

84.3 87.4 86.8 86.1 85.8

64.1 64.5

91.7 90.2

Gender of sources by TV station

Gender of sources by TV station (%) n=733


104/112


20.0

4.812.0 10.1 6.2

80.0

95.288.0 89.9 93.8

f y ( )

#Trends: Sourcing by gender - newsp

90

Gender of sources (%)


105/112

84.3 82.2 84.1 82.7

15.7 17.8 15.917.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


Male Female

#Trends: Sourcing by gender - televis

100



106/112

12.6 16.0 11.5

87.4 84.0

88.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

6070

80

90

100


Female Male

#Trends: Sourcing by gender - radi



107/112

11.4 13.3 12.2

88.6 86.787.8

010

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


Female Male

Occupation of source by media typ

P id ti l did t 29 3

NEWSPAPER (%) n=1,598

Presidential candidate 42.9

TELEVISION (%) n=739

Presidential candida

RADI


108/112

Donor

Army

Election observer

Judicial Officer

Business person

Religious leader

Executive

Anonymous

Electoral Commission

NGO/CSO official

Police Representative

Expert

Candidates agent

Party official

Parliamentary candidate

Ordinary person

Presidential candidate

0.1

0.6

0.9

1.1

1.42.0

2.1

2.8

3.0

3.1

3.9

4.2

5.611.3

11.7

16.8

29.3

Business person

Donor

Anonymous

Army

Judicial OfficialElection observer

Executive

Religious leader

Police Representative

Electoral Commission

Expert

NGO/CSO official

Candidates agent

Party official

Parliamentary candidate

Ordinary person

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.71.1

1.9

2.6

2.7

4.1

4.2

5.7

6.9

7.6

7.7

10.7

Don

Anonymo

Oth

Business pers

Arm

Judicial Offic

Election observ

Religious lead

Exp

Execut

Police Representat

Ordinary pers

Candidates age

Electoral Commission offic

NGO/CSO offic

Party offic

Parliamentary candida

Presidential candida


109/112

OBSERVATIONS & CONCLUSI

General observations & conclusions

Ordinary persons among top five most quoted sourced TV t i i N b H


110/112

newspaper and TV stories since November. However, rconsidered the true mass media in the country, has no

adequately sourced ordinary persons in election storie

The media is focusing more on issue-based reporting country inches closer to polling day.

Significant improvement in coverage (space & time al

presidential candidates Biraro, Mabirizi, Kyalya, BwaniBaryamureeba by all three media between December January.

General observations & conclusionsMale sources still the majority at more than 80% acro

media with number of female sources declining betw


111/112

media, with number of female sources declining betwDecember and January.

The parliamentary election has not been prominentlyadequately covered by the media since September. Fodespite the more localized nature of the parliamentaryradio which has more reach in up-country areas, hasmuch in covering it.

A sharp decline in provision of background and contethree media between December and January.


112/112

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Monitoring media coverage of the 2016 elections: January Report

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