Instructional Design Document

Brayton Cycle Modifications

STAM Interactive Solutions

Demo Outline (For reference)

Topic Number Topic Name Page Type1 Regeneration Animated page

2 Intercooling + Regeneration Animated page

3 Reheat Animated page

4 Efficiency Interactive page

Slide 10 – UI elements & graph changed. Also refer to the notes section for guidelines & boundary conditions.

Interactivity (Slide 10) - Use only 1 intercoolerProvide a “regeneration on/off optionAllow user to drag point 3If T4 < T2, regeneration option to be greyed out

5

Change made to Slide 8Slide 8 – show combustion chamber and omit heat rejectionChange reheat to show additional combustion chamber

4

Slides 6, 7, 8 – All the working models have been changed to show open cycle

Slides 6, 7, 8 - Stay with open cycle3

Slide 6 – Changes made to the narration point 1. Please refer to the notes section.

Slide 6 - Voiceover to mention that the greater the difference between T4 and T2, the better the regeneration

2

Slide 5 - The previous image has been replaced with a new image reflecting the changes suggested by the prof.

Slide 5 - Omit image1

Changes reflected on slide no.Changes Suggested by Prof. Gaitonde

Change Log

PLEASE READGlobal Note:Please change the isobars on all the graphs as given in the excel sheet

‘IsobarsForBraytonCycle.xls’

For all the graphs:1. Show a pipe like structure with temperature variations in terms of colors with red & blue

gradients.

For working models:2. Use consistent block designs for Compressors, Turbines, Combustion Chambers/Boilers,

Regenerators, Intercoolers and Reheaters.3. Show the arrow entering the compressor pointing to the compressors left bottom corner.4. Show the arrow exiting the compressor pointing to the compressors right top corner.5. Show the arrow entering the turbine pointing to the turbines left top corner.1. Show the arrow exiting the turbine pointing to the turbines right bottom corner.2. If there are no arrows indicated on the reference image please insert arrows according to

the numbers indicated on it.

While showing both graphs & working models:1. Show a particle movement in the working model syncd with arrow movement in the pipe

like structure of the graph.2. While showing Efficiency, show the useful work (area enclosed between the upper & lower

curve) & unused work (area enclosed between lower curve & the x-axis) with different colors.

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Modifications to Brayton Cycle in terms of Regeneration, Intercooling and Reheat increases it’s efficiency.

Image changed as suggested

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Regeneration

1-2-5’-3-4-6’ = Ideal Brayton Cycle with Regeneration1-2-5-3-4-6 = Actual Brayton Cycle with Regeneration

6’

Qin

Qout

Working models modified to open

cycle

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Intercooling + Regeneration

T-S Diagram

Working model modified to open

cycle

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Reheat

T-S Diagram

Qin

Working model modified to open

cycle

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Modified Brayton Cycle

T-S Diagram

Qin

Working model modified to open

cycle

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Efficiency

Efficiency (%)

Drag the B-C curve.

0

100

40

50

30

20

10

80

70

60

90

Intercooling ON OFF

Regeneration ON OFFReheating ON OFF

T-S Diagram

Interactivity changes made. Also refer to the notes section

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Resources

Books:• G.J.Van Wylen's, "Thermodynamics“.

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

The Brayton cycle's efficiency is improved by having

exactly two intercoolers

as many intercoolers as possible, limited by weight and design complexity

one single large intercooler

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

A regenerator should have

high heat transfer and high pressure drop

low heat transfer and high pressure drop

high heat transfer and low pressure drop

low heat transfer and low pressure drop

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

In a gas turbine

regeneration, reheat and intercooling are always beneficialregeneration and intercooling are always beneficial while reheat is beneficial only under appropriate conditionsreheat and intercooling are always beneficial while regeneration is beneficial only under appropriate conditions regeneration and reheat are always beneficial while intercooling is beneficial only under appropriate conditions

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Reheat is possible

only for an open cycle

only for a closed cycle

depends on the working fluid

for both closed and open cycles

Brayton Cycle ModificationsApplied Thermodynamics: Power Cycles

Intercooling and reheat can be eliminated if

isothermal compression can be achieved in the compressor

isothermal expansion can be achieved in the turbineadiabatic compression can be achieved in the compressoradiabatic expansion can be achieved in the turbine