MODERN ARTMODERN ART

Art Nouveau

Art Deco

Cubism

Dadaism

De Stijl & Bauhaus

Surrealism

Abstract Expressionism

Pop Art

Art NouveauArt Nouveau

Art NouveauArt Nouveau

an international philosophy and style of art, architecture and applied art, especially the decorative arts

French for ‘new art’, also known as ‘modernisme’ in Catalonia, Spain, Jugendstil in Germany or ‘youth style’, or ‘style of youth’

Art NouveauArt Nouveau

inspired by natural forms and structures, of flowers and plants and curved lines

harmony with the natural environment

Art Nouveau is influenced strongly by Czech artist Alfons Mucha

Art NouveauArt Nouveau

‘mucha style’

Alfons Mucha, Gustave Klimt, Henri Lautrec

Architect Antonio Gaudi

Alfons MuchaAlfons Muchapaintings, posters, ads and illustrations; theater sets, wallpaper, jewelry, carpets

beautiful young women in flowing, Neoclassical-looking robes, often surrounded by lush flowers

In contrast, he used pale pastel colors

Gustav KlimtGustav Klimt

Austria

his own style is highly ornamental, lots of gold and silver colors in his artwork

The KissThe Kiss

Antoni Antoni GaudiGaudi

Spanish Catalan architect, highly individual and distinctive style found in the Catalan capital of Barcelona

magnum opus: La Sagrada Familia

Between 1984-2005, 7 of his works were declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO

earned the nickname ‘God’s Architect’

Art Nouveau Art Nouveau CharacteristicsCharacteristics

flowing, graceful, sinuous lines, rarely angular

violent and whiplash curves in rhythmic patterns

organic subject matter: flowers, leaves, vines, grass, seaweed and other organic images

resistance of classical restrictions

CubismCubism

CubismCubism

considered the most influential art movement of the 20th century

primary influence was the representation of three dimensional form in the late works of Paul Cézanne

Georges Braque‘Violin and Candlestick’

Les Demoiselles d'AvignonPablo Picasso

Three MusiciansPablo Picasso

GuernicaPablo Picasso

CubismCubism

In Cubism, objects are analyzed, broken up and reassembled in abstracted form--instead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, it depicts multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context.

influences in Dada and Surrealism

CharacteristicsCharacteristicsgeometricity

simplification of objects

conceptual reality

overlapping of planes

multiple or contrasting vantage points

De StijlDe Stijl

De StijlDe Stijl

Dutch for ‘the style’, also known as neoplasticism

Dutch art movement in 1917

expresses the new utopian ideal of spiritual harmony and order

pure abstraction and universality by reducing to the essentials of form and color

Theo van Doesburg, Piet Mondrian

Theo van Doesburg

Red and Blue ChairGerrit Rietveld

Composition with Red, Blue & YellowPiet Mondrian

De StijlDe StijlMondrian writes, "... this new plastic idea will ignore the particulars of appearance, that is to say, natural form and colour. On the contrary, it should find its expression in the abstraction of form and colour, that is to say, in the straight line and the clearly defined primary colour."

"only primary colours and non-colours, only squares and rectangles, only straight and horizontal or vertical line."

"It [De Stijl] was posited on the fundamental principle of the geometry of the straight line, the square, and the rectangle, combined with a strong asymmetricality; the predominant use of pure primary colors with black and white; and the relationship between positive and negative elements in an arrangement of non-objective forms and lines.”

ExpressionismExpressionism

ExpressionismExpressionism

modernist movement originating in Germany

presenting the world from a subjective perspective

distorting radically for emotional effect to evoke mood or ideas

exaggerated colors, aggressive brush strokes, distortion

EDVARD MUNCH (1863-1944)'The Scream'

Abstract Abstract ExpressionismExpressionism

also action painting, color field painting, a.k.a. The New York School

after WWII, characteristic messiness and energetic applications of paint

‘youthful antagonism’, hardly worthy of the name ‘art’

brush strokes revealed the artist’s process. The process is the subject of the art itself

three major sources: Kandinsky’s abstraction, Dadaist’s reliance on chance and Surrealist’s endorsement of Freudian theory

Color Field and Action Painting

Wassily KandinskyWassily Kandinsky

Composition VIII

Jackson PollockJackson PollockJack the Dripper

drip painting

enjoyed considerable fame and notoriety in his lifetime, a recusive artist

volatile and alcoholic, also married the artist Lee Krasner

No. 5

Lee KrasnerLee Krasner

Mark RothkoMark Rothko

Orange, Red and Yellow

CharacteristicsCharacteristicsunconventional application of paint, usually without a recognizable subject, tends towards amorphous shapes in brilliant colors.

dripping, smearing, slathering, flinging of paint onto the canvas

gestural ‘writing’ in a loosely calligraphic manner

color field artists: carefully filling the picture plane with zones of colors to create tension between shapes and hues

DadaismDadaism

DadaismDadaism

art movement in the early 20th century that began in Zurich, Switzerland

born out of negative reaction to the horrors of WWI

rejected reason and logjic, prizing nonsense, irrationality and intuition

DadaismDadaismthe origin of the name Dada is unclear, some believe it is a nonsensical word.

Some believe it was the artists’ frequent use of the words ‘da, da’, meaning ‘yes, yes’ in Romanian.

Another theory says that it came from a French-German dictionary and pointed out to ‘dada’, French word for ‘hobbyhorse’.

CharacteristicsCharacteristicsbecame an international art movement--or non-movement, as it were.

only one rule: never follow any known rules

intends to provoke an emotional reaction from the viewer

nonsensical to the point of whimsy

no predominant medium; assemblage, collage, photomontage and use of readymade objects

Dada self-destructed when it was in danger of becoming ‘acceptable’

FountainMarcel Duchamp

SurrealismSurrealism

SurrealismSurrealism

art movement that began in the early 1920s

featuring the element of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions, non sequitur

developed out of Dada during the WWI

SurrealismSurrealismgreatly influenced by Freud and Jung’s theories -- images of subconscious reaching the conscious

founder André Breton defined surrealism as "Psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express - verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner - the actual functioning of thought."

seeking access to the unconscious mind to make art inspired by this realm

V

Veristic SurrealismVeristic Surrealism

fantasy world and representational

portrays recognizable images, scenes and objects in reality taken out of natural context

dreamscape

Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, Max Ernst

Salvador Salvador DaliDali

Spanish Catalan Artist

heavily influenced by Picasso and Miro

extensive symbolism

‘The Persistence of Memory’ by Salvador Dali

‘The Temptation of St. Anthony’ by Salvador Dali

‘The Great Masturbator’ by Salvador Dali

AutomatismAutomatism

Joan Miro and Andre Mason

organic scribbles and curvilinear images with biomorphic qualities

Harlequin's Carnival by Joan Miro

The Tilled Field by Joan Miro

Andre Masson

Son of ManSon of ManRene MagritteRene Magritte

CharacteristicsCharacteristics

exploration of dreams and the unconscious

used devices like: levitation, changing an object’s scale, transparency, repetition

used techniques like: juxtaposition of objects, objective chance, displacement of one object

Pop ArtPop Art

Pop ArtPop ArtPop art along with minimalism are considered to be art movements that precede postmodern art, or earliest examples of postmodern art

often takes imagery used in advertising, product labels and logos

pop art blurred the fine line between fine art and commercial art.

Andy Andy WarholWarholAmerican artist, leading

figure in pop art movement

encompassed many forms of media: hand drawing, painting, printmaking, photography, silk screening, sculpture, film and music

also a pioneer on computer generated art using Amiga computers, two years before his death.

‘‘Once you got ‘pop’, you could Once you got ‘pop’, you could never see a sign the same way never see a sign the same way again. And once you thought again. And once you thought

pop, you could never see pop, you could never see America the same way again.’America the same way again.’

- Andy Warhol- Andy Warhol

Eight ElvisesEight ElvisesAndy WarholAndy Warhol

Pop ArtPop Artmid 1950s in Great Britain and late 1950s in the US

including imagery from popular culture such as advertising, news, etc.

employs aspects of mass culture, advertising, comic books and mundane cultural objects

widely reaction to the dominant ideas of abstract expressionism

aimed to employ images of popular as opposed to elitist culture in art, emphasizing banal elements of any given culture most often through the use of irony

mechanical means of reproduction or rendering techniques

Roy Roy LiechtensteinLiechtenstein

favoring the old fashioned comic strip as subject matter

hard edged, precise compositions parodied in tongue-in cheek humorous manner

Drowning GirlDrowning GirlRoy LichtensteinRoy Lichtenstein

CharacteristicsCharacteristicsRecognizable imagery from popular media and products

Usually very bright colors

Flat imagery influenced by comic books and newspaper photos

Images of celebrities or fictional characters in comic books, ads, fan magazines

In sculpture, innovative use of media