MODERN APPRENTICESHIP - Skills Development Scotland · 2015. 10. 8. · Skills Development Scotland...
Transcript of MODERN APPRENTICESHIP - Skills Development Scotland · 2015. 10. 8. · Skills Development Scotland...
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MODERN APPRENTICESHIP
A study exploring knowledge, understanding, perceptions & opinions towards Modern
Apprenticeships in Scotland
MODERN APPRENTICESHIP
A study exploring knowledge, understanding, perceptions & opinions towards Modern
Apprenticeships in Scotland
Nicola Ashwood Careers Adviser
23 April 2013
SDS Academy Symposium
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Skills Development Scotland
• Topic
• Context
• Previous Studies
• Quiz
• Results
• Recommendations
• Questions
CONTENTS
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Skills Development Scotland
CASE STUDY Anecdotal Evidence
• Scott left school with few qualifications
• Bricklaying apprenticeship with uncle
• Four years on site training
• No formal training, or assessment, or accreditation
• Found himself unemployed – no certification to prove qualified
• Secured work with construction company however wages do not reflect his perceived status
• Reflects the importance of quality information, advice and guidance around formal routes into work
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Skills Development Scotland
POLITICAL CONTEXT
• High Youth Unemployment
• Modern Apprenticeship Scottish Government Flagship Programme
• Target of 25,000 Modern Apprenticeships delivered yearly
• Opportunities for all (2012)
• Publically funded employer incentives to increase participation
• Part public part employer funded
• 3.9% Scottish Businesses taking part in MA programme – source: Scottish Government (2012)
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Skills Development Scotland
KEY RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• Is there a generic lack of knowledge and understanding towards Modern Apprenticeships among Key Stakeholders?
• Does this act as a barrier to participation within MA ?
• If so what can be done to improve this? • Who are the Key Stakeholders?
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Skills Development Scotland
KEY STAKEHOLDERS
• Potential Modern Apprentices
• Parents of potential Modern Apprentices
• Guidance Teachers
• Employers
• SDS
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Skills Development Scotland
METHODOLOGY
• Small scale qualitative research
• Literature Review
• Questionnaires
• Semi-structured Focus Groups
• Telephone Interviews
• Survey Monkey
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Skills Development Scotland
DEFINING APPRENTICESHIPS
• Ryan (2011) the term apprenticeship is often confusing, cosmetic and objectionable.
• Broadly defines as; denoting a programme of learning that combines part-time formal education with training and experience at the workplace, and results in an externally recognised vocational qualification.
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Skills Development Scotland
RYAN (2011)
DISTINGUISHES BETWEEN
• Functional Apprenticeship; traditional style programmes such as craft training in engineering apprenticeships with a combination of vocational education and work based training.
• Apprenticeship; described as other forms of vocational training that attract the label of apprenticeship such as retail & customer service occupations that tend to neglect formal education and offer minimal off the job training
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Skills Development Scotland
RESEARCH THAT
INFORMED MY STUDY
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Skills Development Scotland
Scottish Executive Review of Modern Apprenticeships (2001)
Explored barriers to participation within the MA programme;
• Almost all who participated had positive views of MA
• Low levels of awareness & understanding among school pupils, teachers and employers
• Review was weighted towards those already participating
• Modern Apprenticeships were often perceived as the poor relation
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Skills Development Scotland
Canning & Lang (2004)
• Most successful Modern Apprenticeships; intermediate level job role, formal regulation, real employment potential & good quality training & learning.
• Full time educational opportunities such as FE & HE will tend to undermine MA
• Increased participation on the MA programme
• Due to supply-led interventions
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Skills Development Scotland
Modern Apprenticeship Summit (2009)
Aimed to explore how Scotland uses MA to support employment opportunities
1. Increased Transparency- Funding
2. A single more easily accessed point of information-remove overly bureaucratic processes
3. Focus on Marketing Modern Apprenticeship opportunities.
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Skills Development Scotland
Federation of Small Businesses (2009)
• Focused on Employers.
• Low levels of participation
• Lack of information-most reported barrier
• Cost of funding-age restrictions
• Supply of appropriate potential employees
• Time out of business for training
• Economic conditions
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Skills Development Scotland
Brophy et al 2009
Explored parents, young people & employers perceptions of work based learning.
• General positive perceptions around MA
• Negative perceptions; low status, male orientated, appropriate for manual labour.
• Employers question reliability and work readiness of young people
• Barriers to uptake of MA; lack of information, lack of diversity & lack of support
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Skills Development Scotland
ROE (2011)
• Roe (2011) undertook a review of Post-16 Vocational Education and Training System in Scotland.
• Acknowledged; a lack of transparency as an issue that affects the system at many levels
• Calls for; a system that can be easier understood and navigated
• Notes the benefits; of an effective system for individuals, employers and the nation.
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Skills Development Scotland
Career Academies UK & Financial Skills Partnership (2012)
Explored young peoples view on their routes to success.
• Young people reported a high level of
awareness around Modern Apprenticeships
• Knowledge around Modern Apprenticeships tended to be inaccurate and shallow
• Apprenticeships were for school drop outs..
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Skills Development Scotland
Summary
Previous studies since 2001 have consistently shown;
1. Lack of knowledge & understanding of Modern Apprenticeships among key stakeholders
2. Negative perceptions of Modern Apprenticeships among key stakeholders
3. Both were found to be a barrier to participation within Modern Apprenticeship programme.
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Skills Development Scotland
THEORETICAL UNDERPINNING
Foskett & Hemsley-Brown (2001)
Choosing Futures, Young people’s decision making in education, training and career markets
• Highlight extent of adult influence over occupational choice
• Perceptions of careers & routes into work are formed from a very early age-although do develop over time.
• Contractual Images – direct from personal experience-e.g. doctor, teacher, nursery nurse, social worker, police officer
• Delegated Images – perceptions transferred from adults to children-i.e. parents and teachers
• Derived images-translated via media-includes books etc
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Skills Development Scotland
Foskett & Hemsley-Brown (cont)
• Images young people have formed if any of Modern Apprenticeship are most likely to have come from delegated images conveyed by parents and teachers
• Modern Apprenticeship overall has limited visibility leading to an underdeveloped image as a route into work.
• FE & HE have much higher levels of visibility overall.
• Important to note that Careers Advisers and Guidance Teachers are entering the careers decision making process at a very late stage of developing perceptions.
• We can argue that parents & teachers are the most important target in terms of raising levels of awareness and changing attitudes.
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Skills Development Scotland
SURVEY RESULTS
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Skills Development Scotland
PPVote session
What is PPVote • An interactive voting kit which can be used to provide instant,
anonymous feedback
• Use to illustrate some of the key results from my research
• Predict and compare: your perceptions with guidance teachers’ and what you think guidance teachers said about modern apprenticeships
How to vote • In the following pages you will be presented with multiple choice
questions related to the research.
• When the voting starts, please cast your vote by pressing the appropriate number on the key-pad, corresponding to the number of the multiple choice option on the screen.
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Skills Development Scotland
QUESTION 1
1. 89%
2. 33%
3. 100%
4. 48%
What proportion of guidance teachers said they had some awareness of Modern Apprenticeships?
11%
29%
29%
31%
SAMPLE
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Skills Development Scotland
RESULTS
• All guidance teachers aware to some extent
• 75% of Guidance Teachers were aware of MA however were unsure where to access information to support CIAG.
• 25% of Guidance Teachers were aware of MA and knew where to access information to support CIAG.
• Differing levels of awareness!!
• Therefore raising awareness strategies in terms of accessing quality information around MA’s with this group is important.
*
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Skills Development Scotland
QUESTION 2 What proportion of guidance teachers are asked about Modern Apprenticeships on a regular basis?
1. 89%
2. 28%
3. 63%
4. 92%
11%
29%
29%
31%
SAMPLE
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Skills Development Scotland
RESULTS
• 63% of Guidance Teachers are asked regularly about Modern Apprenticeships.
• We know from previous results that 75% of Guidance Teachers are unsure where to access information
• Therefore there is room for improvement in the quality / level of information being provided
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Skills Development Scotland
QUESTION 3 What proportion of guidance teachers said they
were confident in providing quality information and advice on Modern Apprenticeships?
1. 0%
2. 88%
3. 47%
4. 10%
11%
29%
29%
31%
SAMPLE
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Skills Development Scotland
MSc RESULTS
• None of the Guidance Teachers in the Local Authority who took part in the survey said they were confident in providing advice/guidance about Modern Apprenticeships.
• Therefore we can argue that this provides evidence of a lack of knowledge and understanding about Modern Apprenticeships.
• What can we do to improve this??
*
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Skills Development Scotland
QUESTION 4 What proportion of guidance teachers said that Modern Apprenticeships are of equal value as a
route into work as college or university?
1. 40%
2. 62%
3. 100%
4. 75%
11%
29%
29%
31%
SAMPLE
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Skills Development Scotland
RESULTS
• 75% of Guidance Teachers who took part in this survey believe Modern Apprenticeships are of equal value as a route into work as College/University.
• However on further probing;
• 25% most suitable for those in construction
• 25% most suitable for males
• 25% most suitable for those with few or no qualifications
• 25% no parity of esteem
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Skills Development Scotland
QUESTION 5
How many job types/occupations are available under the Modern Apprenticeship programme?
1. Less than 50
2. More than 50
49%
51%SAMPLE
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Skills Development Scotland
MSc RESULTS
• The majority of Guidance Teachers who took part in this survey thought that there was less than 50 job types available on the Modern Apprenticeship Programme.
• There are hundreds of job types with around 60 occupational sectors e.g. Construction, Food & Drink, Hospitality & Energy that have various job types within them available on the Modern Apprenticeship Programme.
• This may reflect lack of awareness as to the extent of the Modern Apprenticeship Programme.
*
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Skills Development Scotland
MSC RESULTS
• Significant evidence of lack of knowledge & understanding about Modern Apprenticeships.
• Significant evidence of negative perceptions of Modern Apprenticeships.
• The above themes act as barriers to participation within the Modern Apprenticeship Programme.
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Skills Development Scotland
RECOMMENDATIONS
• Single point of contact for accessing quality up to date information and opportunities around Modern Apprenticeships.
• Consider a UCAS style process.
• www.ourskillsforce.co.uk – Employers
• www.providercentral.org.uk –Learning Providers
• www.myworldofwork.co.uk – General Public
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Skills Development Scotland
RECOMMENDATIONS
• Parents consistently requested easier access to quality up to date reliable information about Modern Apprenticeships.
• Access to parents problematic
• Step by Step guide to Modern Apprenticeships-online-Information booklet
• School Newsletters
• Local Authority websites and magazines
• Modern Apprenticeship focused events
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Skills Development Scotland
RECOMMENDATIONS
• Continuous Professional Development opportunities with all teachers including primary, however Guidance Teachers priority.
• Careers Advisers in schools best placed to contribute on ongoing basis, however can target all teachers during in-service days.
• E-Learning for all teaching staff/students
• Curriculum for Excellence, Building the curriculum 4, Teaching staff have key responsibility up to senior phase for delivering Skills for Learning, Life & Work.
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Skills Development Scotland
BENEFITS OF THIS STUDY
• Prevent cases like Scott’s !!
• Highlights Target audiences.
• Highlight early Intervention.
• Inform key stakeholders.
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Skills Development Scotland
INFORMATING FUTURE RESEACH
• Small scale study therefore generalisations can be difficult.
• Important platform to further explore the key themes identified within this study.
• Access to participants e.g. Intended a focus group with Guidance Teachers however access issues proved a survey monkey was best option.
• Could have considered Training Providers and Sector Skills Councils.
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Skills Development Scotland
DOING RESEACH
• Choose a subject that matters to you.
• Easier to spend the enormous amount of time required if you are genuinely interested in the topic.
• Consider writing a research proposal-even for your own use- this is how you plan to conduct your research.
• It does not matter if something goes wrong, this is part of the process, learn from it and include in the research, this will evidence your work.
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Skills Development Scotland
QUESTIONS
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Skills Development Scotland
CONTACT
• Nicola Ashwood
• Tel; 0141-849-5732
• Mob; 07899060088
• E-mail; [email protected]