MLK Library Presentation to D.C. Historic Preservation Review Board
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Transcript of MLK Library Presentation to D.C. Historic Preservation Review Board
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Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library
Renovation Project
Historic Preservation Review Board22 January 2015
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1 SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY 2 SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE
ICONIC CITY CENTRAL LIBRARY
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2 LIBRARY OF BIRMINGHAM AND PUBLIC SPACE1 LIBRARY OF BIRMINGHAM CAFE
ICONIC CITY CENTRAL LIBRARY
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“LIVING ROOM”
2 SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY1 DALLAS CITY PERFORMANCE HALL
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2 MOMA GARDEN, NEW YORK, USA1 MOMA GARDEN, NEW YORK, USA
PUBLIC SPACE
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2 MAKERSPACE AT WESTPORT LIBRARYWESTPORT, CONNECTICUT
2 MAKERSPACE AT WESTPORT LIBRARYWESTPORT, CONNECTICUT
1 HOOKE PARK SHCOOL OF ARCHITECTURE,DORSET, ENGLAND
PUBLIC OPPORTUNITY TO CREATE
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2 PS106, BROOKLYN1 CHILDRENS AREA LIBRARY OF BIRMINGHAM
CREATIVE CHILDREN’S SPACES
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2 LIBRARY OF BIRMINGHAM1 NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
INTIMATE AND COLLABORATIVE SPACES
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2 ROOF TOP RESTAURANT IN LONDON
1 AUDITORIUM AT SEATTLE PUBLIC LI-
EVENT SPACES
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CHALLENGE
HOW DO WE CREATE A LIBRARY OF THE FUTURE WHILE RESPECTING A HISTORIC LANDMARK?
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EXISTING BUILDING PHOTOS
1 9TH & H STREETS LOOKING SW
8 G STREET LOOKING EAST
2 10TH STREET & G PLACE LOOKING WEST 3 G PLACE LOOKING EAST
4 10TH STREET & G PLACE LOOKING EAST 6 11TH STREET & G ST LOOKING EAST
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EXISTING VIEWS IN CONTEXT
1 9TH ST & G STREET LOOKING NW 2 SOUTH FACADE WEST WING
3 SOUTH LOGGIA 4 SOUTH FACADE EAST WING
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Mies van der Rohe is widely acknowledged as one of the 20th
century’s greatest architects. By emphasizing open space, new assemblies and an honesty and expression of materials, he helped define modern architecture. His architecture is based on classic proportions and pure forms with structure that generates uninterrupted spaces.
The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library is the one of few International Style buildings in Washington, D.C., and the only one of Mies’s library designs to be implemented.
Construction began a year after Mies’s death in 1969, and the building was completed in 1972. After his death, it was necessary to revise the design to respond to certain budgetary and functional considerations.
In June 2007, the DC Historic Preservation Review Board added the property, including the exterior building and plaza and the interior public spaces on the ground floor as an historic landmark to the DC Inventory of Historic Sites. In the same year, it was listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
MIES VAN DER ROHE
MIES VAN DER ROHE AND HIS MODEL OF CROWN HALL, ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHICAGO
SEAGRAM BUILDING LOBBY, NEW YORK CITY GREAT HALL, MLK
READING ROOM, MLK
MLK expresses key principles of Mies’s work, including an exposed steel skeleton, curtain wall technology, rectilinear forms, clear open spaces, and a recessed loggia around the ground floor perimeter.
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Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia. Both a Baptist minister and civil-rights activist, Dr. King had a important impact on race relations in the United States, beginning in the mid-1950s. Among many efforts, King headed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC).
SCLC’s advocacy of boycotts and other forms of nonviolent protest played a pivotal role in ending the legal segregation of African-American citizens in the South and other areas of the nation, as well as the creation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Dr. King received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964, among several other honors.
Dr. King was assassinated in April 1968, and continues to be remembered as one of the most lauded African-American leaders in history, often referenced by his 1963 speech, “I Have a Dream.”
DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.LIBRARY BOARD OF TRUSTEES VOTING TO NAME THE BUILDING AFTER DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.
DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. DELIVERS THE “I HAVE A DREAM” SPEECH
KING MURAL AT MLK
Dr. King ignited passion for social change and for civil discourse. MLK was the first memorial to Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. dedicated in DC following his assassination.
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1 HIRSCHORN MUSEUM
2 NATIONAL ARBORETUM VISITOR CENTER
3 CAPITOL SKYLINE HOTEL 5 WASHINGTON METRO4 EAST WING OF NATIONAL GALLERY
MID CENTURY MODERN
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2 GALLUP BUILDING
1 SITE 3 MLK DURING CONSTRUCTION
CONTEXT
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1 MLK DURING CONSTRUCTION
4 GREAT HALL ENTRANCE
2 VIEW FROM 10TH AND G STREETS 5 GREAT HALL
3 9TH STREET
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3 building types in American work:
high -rise skeleton frame continuous column grid
cores in the heart
recessed ground floor with colonnade
low-rise skeleton frame building
continuous column grid
recessed entrance level
vertical connections to the sides
open heart in the building
transparency from the front to back
clear span building
columns in or even outside the facade
one uninterrupted space
all necessary shafts, cores and stairs reduced
Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library regular grid of the skeleton frame building
recessed ground floor
entrance level colonnade
clear central span space inside
four cores of the building placed at edges of the central clear span space cores become a part of the ground floor facade
MIESIAN DESIGN PRINCIPLES
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DESIGN GUIDELINES
A LEVEL
B LEVEL THIRD FLOOR
FOURTH FLOORSECOND FLOOR
FIRST FLOOR
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PUBLIC SCOPING PROCESS
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1 MARCH 2014 MEET THE ARCHITECT
2 APRIL 2014 PUBLIC ROUNDTABLE 4 MAY 2014 STAFF PRESENTATION
5 SEPTEMBER 2014 PUBLIC PRESENTATIONS
6 MAY 2014 PPOJECT DEVELOPMENT MEETING
7 NOVEMBER 2014 CONSULTING PARTY MEEETING 23 APRIL 2014 PUBLIC ROUNDTABLE
PUBLIC PRESENTATIONS TO DATE
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“The Martin Luther King Memorial Library is not completed. It never will be. Mies would not want it to be. He carefully designed his buildings as simple enclosures of space, envelopes, if you will, for the life and change within them.”
Wolf Von Eckhardt, “A Modern Master’s Monument,” The Washington Post, August 19, 1972, p. C-1.
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FEDERAL CENTER CHICAGO, USA
IBM BUILDING CHICAGO, USA
NEUE NATIONAL GALERYBERLIN, GERMANY
MLK LIBRARY ARCHIVESWASHINGTON, DC, USA
STAIRS DETAIL, FACTORY KREFELD, GERMANY
DOUBLE GLAZING SOLUTION IN LEMKE HOUSE, BERLIN. GERMANY
BRICK AND WINDOW FRAME DETAIL, LANGE HOUSEKREFELD, GERMANY
CURTAIN WALL IN STEELCHICAGO, USA
NEUE NATIONAL GALERYBERLIN, GERMANY
LEMKE HOUSEBERLIN, GERMANY
LANGE AND ESTERS HOUSEKREFELD, GERMANY
LAKE SHORE DRIVE APPARTMENTSCHICAGO, USA
COMMONWEALTH APPARTMENTSCHICAGO, USA
CROWN HALL IITCHICAGO, USA
MIES RESEARCH
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THE LIBRARY OF TOMORROW
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CLEAR VISIBILITY FROM INSIDE TO OUTSIDE AND THROUGH SPACES, LIBRARY OF BIRMINGHAM , UK
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VISIBILITY TO ALL LEVELS, LIBRARY OF BIRMINGHAM , UK
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VARIETY OF MEETING SPACES, LIBRARY OF BIRMINGHAM , UK
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VARIETY OF EVENT SPACES, LIBRARY OF BIRMINGHAM , UK
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PUBLIC ROOF TERRACES, LIBRARY OF BIRMINGHAM , UK
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ALTERNATIVESRENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR RECTILINEAR ENVELOPE RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR CURVILINEAR ENVELOPE
Option 1
EXISTING
Option 2
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FIRST LEVEL PLAN (GROUND FLOOR)
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GROUND FLOOR
1 GREAT HALL 3 EAST READING ROOM
2 WEST READING ROOM DIGITAL COMMONS 4 LIGHTING PRINCIPLE
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GREAT HALL RENOVATION PROPOSAL OPTIONS
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RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR RECTILINEAR ENVELOPE RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR CURVILINEAR ENVELOPE
Option 1
EXISTING
Option 2
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Areas of Design Engagement
1. New Public Cores2. Current Loading Dock Enclosure 3. Building Enclosure4. Site Walls along G Place and 9th Street5. Engaging G Place 6. Area between Church and MLK7. Open floors East to West and North to South8. Roof Terrace and Events Space
AREAS OF DESIGN ENGAGEMENT
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2 EXISTING VIEW FROM VESTIBULE TO WEST CORE
1 EXISTING VIEW FROM ENTRANCE
CORE OPTIONS
4 VIEW FROM VESTIBULE TO WEST CORE - OPTION A CORE
3 VIEW FROM ENTRANCE - OPTION A CORE
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CORE OPTIONS
2 EXISTING VIEW FROM VESTIBULE TO WEST CORE
1 EXISTING VIEW FROM ENTRANCE
4 VIEW FROM VESTIBULE TO WEST CORE - OPTION B CORE
3 VIEW FROM ENTRANCE - OPTION B CORE
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Areas of Design Engagement
1. New Public Cores2. Current Loading Dock Enclosure 3. Building Enclosure4. Site Walls along G Place and 9th Street5. Engaging G Place 6. Area between Church and MLK7. Open floors East to West and North to South8. Roof Terrace and Events Space
AREAS OF DESIGN ENGAGEMENT
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LOADING DOCK ENCLOSURE
1 EXISTING GREAT HALL
2 EXISTING LOADING DOCK
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LOADING DOCK ENCLOSURE
1 PROPOSED GREAT HALL
2 PROPOSED LOADING DOCK ENCLOSURE
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Areas of Design Engagement
1. New Public Cores2. Current Loading Dock Enclosure 3. Building Enclosure4. Site Walls along G Place and 9th Street5. Engaging G Place 6. Area between Church and MLK7. Open floors East to West and North to South8. Roof Terrace and Events Space
AREAS OF DESIGN ENGAGEMENT
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PRESERVATION ISSUES OF EXTERIOR ENVELOPE
1 CURTAINWALL CORROSION
2 WATER INFILTRATION THROUGH COLUMN ASSEMBLY
3 CRACKED GLASS AT CORNER OF WINDOW UNIT
4 LEAKING FACADE
6 FACADE DETAIL
5 FACADE DETAIL
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Areas of Design Engagement
1. New Public Cores2. Current Loading Dock Enclosure 3. Building Enclosure4. Site Walls along G Place and 9th Street5. Engaging G Place 6. Area between Church and MLK7. Open floors East to West and North to South8. Roof Terrace and Events Space
AREAS OF DESIGN ENGAGEMENT
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2 SITE WALLS1 EAST PARKING ENTRANCE RAMP
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FIRST LEVEL PLAN (GROUND FLOOR)
5. 4
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1 PUBLIC OUTDO0R PROGRAM 2 FIRST LEVEL PLAN (GROUND FLOOR)
ENGAGING G PLACE - OPTION 1
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ENGAGING G PLACE - OPTION 2
1 ENGAGING G PLACE WITH PUBLIC OUTDO0R PROGRAM 2 FIRST LEVEL PLAN (GROUND FLOOR)
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Areas of Design Engagement
1. New Public Cores2. Current Loading Dock Enclosure 3. Building Enclosure4. Site Walls along G Place and 9th Street5. Engaging G Place 6. Area between Church and MLK7. Open floors East to West and North to South8. Roof Terrace and Events Space
AREAS OF DESIGN ENGAGEMENT
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1 SPACE BETWEEN MLK LIBRARY AND CHURCH BUILDING - VIEW 9TH STREET
2 SPACE BETWEEN MLK LIBRARY AND CHURCH BUILDING - VIEW G PLACE 3 FIRST LEVEL PLAN (GROUND FLOOR )
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Areas of Design Engagement
1. New Public Cores2. Current Loading Dock Enclosure 3. Building Enclosure4. Site Walls along G Place and 9th Street5. Engaging G Place 6. Area between Church and MLK7. Open floors East to West and North to South8. Roof Terrace and Events Space
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2 EXISTING INTERIOR CORRIDOR LEVEL 2-4
1 EXISTING CORE STAIRWELL
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SECOND FLOOR PLAN
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THIRD FLOOR PLAN
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FOURTH FLOOR PLAN
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Areas of Design Engagement
1. New Public Cores2. Current Loading Dock Enclosure 3. Building Enclosure4. Site Walls along G Place and 9th Street5. Engaging G Place 6. Area between Church and MLK7. Open floors East to West and North to South8. Roof Terrace and Events Space
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RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR RECTILINEAR ENVELOPE RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR CURVILINEAR ENVELOPE
Option 1 Option 2
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ROOF TERRACE PROPOSED
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12
3
4
5
AERIAL VIEW OF SITE
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1
EXISTING CONDITION - VIEW FROM VERIZON CENTER
RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR RECTILINEAR ENVELOPE 2RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR CURVILINEAR ENVELOPE
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1 2
EXISTING CONDITION - VIEW FROM G AND 12TH STREETS
RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR RECTILINEAR ENVELOPE RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR CURVILINEAR ENVELOPE
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1 2
EXISTING CONDITION - VIEW FROM 9TH STREET
RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR EXTRUDED ENVELOPE RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR CURVILINEAR ENVELOPE + 3 STORY ADDITION
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1 2
EXISTING CONDITION - VIEW FROM 9TH AND F STREETS
RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR RECTILINEAR ENVELOPE RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR CURVILINEAR ENVELOPE
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1 2
EXISTING CONDITION - VIEW FROM 9TH AND H STREETS
RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR RECTILINEAR ENVELOPE RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR CURVILINEAR ENVELOPE
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1RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR RECTILINEAR ENVELOPE
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2RENOVATION WITH 5TH FLOOR CURVILINEAR ENVELOPE