Mitigation Strategies for Scope 2 & 3 GHG Emissions

1. Establishing a GHG inventory

2. Setting an organizational GHG reduction goal

3. Understanding GHG accounting techniques and standards

4. Developing a comprehensive emissions reduction plan

5. Identifying, implementing, and tracking GHG mitigation measures

6. Participating in the carbon offset and renewable energy market

7. Preparing for future climate change regulations

8. Managing and sharing the lessons learned and best practices

Broad Steps for GHG Mitigation

• Purchase/use of zero-emission, renewable electricity

• Purchase of renewable energy certificates (RECs)

• Green power markets (includes RECs and other offset

mechanisms)

Role of RE in Reduction of Scope 2 and 3

Potential Use of RE/RE based Instruments for GHG Mitigation

Source: EPA

RE Integration Opportunities

GHG Accounting Scope

Stage of operation (Illustrative)

Primary Role for

RE

Potential Options for RE

Scope 1 (Direct Emissions)

Processes related to production, manufacturing, operation

Through RE based offsets

Offsetting through captive generators based on RE, e.g. biomass, solar, wind Use sources like solar for office/buildings/water heating/cooling; waste management, etc. Use of green offsets/carbon markets

Scope 2 (Indirect Emissions)

Purchase of electricity from grid

Through RECs and RE based offsets

Purchase of RECs Generation of RE based captive power to replace fossil fuel based energy sourced from grid Use of green offsets/carbon markets

Scope 3 (Indirect Emissions)

Transport, waste, etc.

Through RE based offsets

Offsetting through captive generators based on RE, e.g. biomass, solar, wind Use sources like solar for office/buildings/water heating/cooling; waste management, etc. Use of green offsets/carbon markets

Coverage of “Lighting a Billion Lives”

370,400 + Lives Illuminated

1486 + Villages

implemented

74,300 Households Lit

100+ training &

capacity building workshops held

1500+ Green

jobs created

22 States Covered

Carbon Emission Reduction through RE

Source: http://reconnectenergy.com/blog/tag/rec-mechanism-in-india/

Total usage hours for hurricane lantern daily 4 Specific fuel consumption of hurricane lantern (litres/hr) 0.04 Daily saving of kerosene from hurricane lamp (litres/ day) 0.16 Annual saving of kerosene (litres) from hurricane lantern 58.40 Emission coefficient for kerosene (CO2 kg/litre) 2.45 Total CO2 savings per lantern (kg/year) 143.08 Total CO2 savings per lantern over its lifetime of 10 yrs (tonn) 1.4

usage of hurricane lamp vs. solar lantern

•Mahindra World City spreads across 1861 hectares •Since 2008, developed comprehensive sustainability roadmap plans •Business challenge:

•Uncertainty in electricity supply •Frequent diesel price hikes •Air and noise pollution

•Solution: •Identified SPV as an option to supply uninterrupted energy to its customers •Installed 75 kW rooftop solar power plant

•Benefits •Estimated generation – 116,000 kWh/year •Actual generation – 97,982 kWh (2012-13) •8% savings in energy bills •Offsetting 60 tonne CO2

Case study – Rooftop SPVs in Mahindra Lifespaces Chennai

•Tata Motors’ energy policy mentions about maximising use of RE and eco-friendly technologies •To fulfill their commitments towards sustainability, they installed 25 solar street lights in their Lucknow campus •Business challenges:

• To counter raising power demand •To explore alternate and reliable power generating option

•Solutions: •Identified SPV as an option to supply uninterrupted energy to its customers •Installed 25 kW SPV system with 144 solar modules at an investment of Rs 31 lakhs with government subsidy •Designed without battery backup •Synchronised with LT feeder

•Benefits •Energy savings – 62,767 kWh/year •Monetary savings – Rs 3.76 lakh (Rs 35 lakh in 20 years) •Offsetting 45 tonne CO2

Case study – Solar power plant without battery

backup in Lucknow by Tata Motors