MAGHG:Monitoring and Assessment of GHG Emissions and

Mitigation Potentials in Agriculture:

Focus on GHG Emissions from organic soils

Funded by:

Riccardo Biancalani - MAGHG Team Climate, Energy and Tenure Division

Statistics DivisionMICCA Programme, FAO

Outline

• Context• Introduction to the project• Peatlands assessment methodology• Global results• An eye on Indonesia• Mitigation initiative• Conclusions and follow up

Emissions share per sector, AR4, all gases

AFOLU 30%

Source: IPCC 4th AR

Global greenhouse gas emissions 1970-2004

Context - 1 Agriculture is a key emitter in developing countries, and

a basis for climate mitigation relevant to food security

and sustainable development goals

UNFCCC. Only 2-3 reports per country over the past 20

years (Indonesia 1999 and 2011/2012)

Starting in 2014, have to report bi-annually to UNFCCC

Need to improve capacity to collect and analyze data for

assessing GHG emissions

Context - 2 NAMAs will need to be defined and detailed by many

countries in order to meet their international mitigation

commitments in line with sustainable use of their natural

resources

This will require the development of increased national

capacity, both technically and institutionally

+IPCC Guidelines

=

Database

FAOSTAT Emissions Database

Addressing different needs

1. Global and regional assessments

2. Fill data gaps and build capacity: a bridging tool for many

non-Annex I parties

3. Benchmarking and QA/QC analysis: internationally and

neutral data platform for evaluation of national reporting

4. Develop indicators for further analysis: coherency within

FAOSTAT data

FAOSTAT Emissions Database:In country Sectoral Comparisons: 2010

g G

CO

2 eq

/yr

Cultivated organic soilsDOMAIN CATEGORY

Agriculture

Enteric Fermentation

Rice Cultivation

Manure Management

Agricultural

soils

Synthetic Fertilizers

Manure applied to soils

Manure left on pasture

Crop residues

Cultivated organic soils

Biomass burning

Function of: Annual area of managed/drained soils Land cover Climate

Gas emitted:

N2O, CO2

IPCC/FAO (Histosols):1. Thickness of organic horizon greater than or equal to 10 cm. A horizon of

less than 20 cm must have 12% or more organic carbon when mixed to a depth of 20 cm.

2. Soils that are never saturated with water for more than a few days must contain more than 20% organic carbon by weight (i.e., about 35 percent organic matter).

3. Soils are subject to water saturation episodes and has either:a. At least 12 percent organic carbon by weight (i.e., about 20 percent organic

matter) if the soil has no clay; orb. At least 18 percent organic carbon by weight (i.e., about 30 percent

organic matter) if the soil has 60% or more clay; orc. An intermediate, proportional amount of organic carbon for intermediate

amounts of clay.

Definition

Utilization of geo-referenced data• Organic Soils (Histosols):

- Harmonized World Soil Database (FAO, IIASA, ISRIC, CAS, JRC - 2012)

• Cultivated (cropped) areas:- GLC 2000 (currently exploring MODIS 2001-2010)

• Climatic zones: - JRC map, 2010, according to IPCC prescriptions

World map of Histosols

Top ten countries

World distribution of cultivated histosols

Map of cultivated organic soils of Indonesia

FAOSTAT Emissions Database:Global emissions from cultivated organic soils

2010 Emissions (Tons/y)

CO2 N2O - CO2 eq

756,075,190 99,183,920

Total Emissions: ~855 Mt CO2eq

FAOSTAT Emissions Database:Top ten emitters for cultivated organic soils

MAGHG Capacity Development

Support developing countries assess and report their GHG emissions from agriculture, including assessment of mitigation options for identification of National actions (NAMAs) that can also lead to improvements in long term agricultural productivity, enhancing food security and increasing environmental sustainability.

Global 'Organic soils and peatlands climate change mitigation initiative'

• Aims: reduce emissions from peatlands & safeguard the other vital ecosystem services peatlands provide.

• Informal network• Online community for all interested –

contact micca@fao.org

Key resources

Updates: • grazing on peatlands • options for financing• options for MRVDownload: www.fao.org/

climatechange/micca/peatExecutive summary

Get more copies from micca@fao.org

+IPCC Guidelines

=

Database

FAOSTAT Emissions DatabaseKey resources

Conclusions• Indonesia is by far the larger emitter from degraded

peatlands

• This means that there is wide scope for mitigation actions, including improved management and conservation of the remaining peatlands

• FAO MICCA/MAGHG supports capacity development on:– Data production and management/faostat– Definition of NAMAs in pilot countries

Next StepsFAO, with the MICCA program and the MAGHG project, has the

resources to enter into a collaboration on:– The exchange of information for the improvement of data

and mapping needed for national reporting, including use and improvement of FAOSTAT GHG

– The development of technical and institutional capacity for the production of the national reports (BUR) to the UNFCCC

– The identification of activities aimed at the implementation of the nationally established NAMAs

Thank youTerima kasih

Riccardo.Biancalani@fao.org

MAGHG@fao.org

http://faostat.fao.org/