Republic of Trinidad & Tobago Ministry of Planning and Development

Central Statistical Office in collaboration with

The Ministry of Agriculture, Land & Marine Resources

AGRICCE

2004 ULTURALNSUS

Published by: The Ministry of Planning and Development Central Statistical Office National Statistics Building 80 Independence Square Port of Spain Trinidad and Tobago P.O. Box 98

© Copyright March, 2005

Data from tables may be reproduced with acknowledgement from source

2004

AGRICULTURAL CENSUS

PRELIMINARY REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 2 DATA HIGHLIGHTS 3 POST AGRICULTURAL CENSUS EVALUATION SURVEY 8 MAP NO.

1 Distribution of Holders by Type of Agricultural Activity and Municipal Corporations - Trinidad 9

2 Distribution of Holders by Type of Agricultural Activity and

Parishes – Tobago 10 TABLE NO.

1 Number of Holders by Area of Residence and Type of Organisation of Holding - 2004 11 1A Number of Holders by Area of Residence and Type of

Organisation of Holding - 1982 12

2 Number of Holders by Area of Residence and Type of Agricultural Activity 13

3 Number of Holdings by Area of Residence of Holder and Size of Holding 14

4 Number of Private Holders by Area of Residence, Gender and Age Group 15

5 Number of Private Holders by Area of Residence and Size of Household 17

6 Number of Registered Private Holders by Area of Residence and Gender 18

MAIN CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS 19 APPENDIX I Preliminary Results on the 2004 Post Agricultural Census Evaluation (PES) 23

i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Agricultural Census Unit was established on October 30, 2003 to manage the day-to-day activities associated with the conduct of the 2004 Agricultural Census. The field exercise of the 2004 Agricultural Census was conducted during the period July 6th to August 15th 2004. Preliminary Findings

The total number of holders enumerated in Trinidad and Tobago during the 2004

Agricultural Census was 19,143 of which 18,169 (94.9%) were recorded in Trinidad and 974 (5.1%) in Tobago.

There was a decline of 11,423 holders or approximately 37.4% when compared to the total number of holders, 30,566 recorded in the 1982 Agricultural Census.

Individual/Household/Sole Proprietor and Joint Partnerships accounted for 99.5% of all holders.

The majority of holders, 13,874 or 72.4% were engaged in Crop Production.

Ninety six percent (96.0%) of all holdings were less than ten (10) hectares in area. The average size of a Private Holder’s household was 4.2 persons.

The male/female ratio of holders was found to be 5.9 : 1.

Forty percent (40.0%) of the Private Holders were registered under the Farmers

Registration Programme of the Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Marine Resources.

There was a coverage error of approximately four percent (4.0%)

It is important to note that these figures are preliminary and subject to revision and have not been adjusted to account for the coverage error.

1

INTRODUCTION The 2004 Agricultural Census was conducted by the Central Statistical Office in

collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Marine Resources, and with the

assistance of the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations.

Nine hundred and sixty-two (962) persons were employed for the exercise. Nine hundred

and twenty-four (924) persons were employed in Trinidad and thirty-eight (38) in Tobago.

Immediately following this exercise a Post Agricultural Census Evaluation and Home

Production Survey was conducted to firstly evaluate the Census data and secondly to

estimate Home Use Production by households.

This report provides a preliminary count of all holders in Trinidad and Tobago as

enumerated in the 2004 Agricultural Census. It includes information on some

characteristics such as age, gender and type of agricultural activities of the holders, and size

and type of organisation of the holdings.

Some of the key concepts and definitions utilized in the data collection process have been

included for ease of reference and for information. These concepts and definitions are

integral to the methodology that was used for the Census.

The Central Statistical Office wishes to thank all farmers, agricultural institutions, the

Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Marine Resources, the Tobago House of Assembly, the

Food and Agricultural Organisation and all other stakeholders including members of the

general public who have contributed to the success of the exercise.

Enquiries and comments may be addressed to the Director of Statistics, Central Statistical

Office (CSO), National Statistics Building, 80 Independence Square, Port of Spain.

Telephone: 625-1164, 627-7238. Email: agricensus@wow.net

2

DATA HIGHLIGHTS

The 2004 Agricultural Census results revealed that the total number of holders enumerated

in Trinidad and Tobago was 19,143 of which 18,169 or 94.9% were recorded in Trinidad

and 974 or 5.1% in Tobago. This represents a decline of 11,423 holders or approximately

37.4% when compared to the total number of holders, 30,566 recorded in the last

Agricultural Census which was conducted in 1982 (Table 1A).

The vast majority of holders 89.4% were concentrated within six regions. The region of

Couva/Tabaquite/Talparo recorded the highest number with 3,078 holders. There were

2,812 holders enumerated in the region of Princes Town, 2,099 in Mayaro/Rio Claro, 2,460

in Sangre Grande, 2,227 in Penal/Debe, 2,221 in Tunapuna/Piarco and 1,342 holders were

found in the region of Siparia.

The remaining areas which constitute the Cities, Boroughs and the Regions of Diego

Martin and San Juan/Laventille comprised of 1,930 or approximately 10.6% of the holders

in Trinidad. The number of holders ranged from 22 in the city of Port of Spain to 649 in the

region of San Juan/Laventille.

In 2004, Private Holders accounted for 19,055 or approximately 99.5% of which 18,505

were classified as “Individual/Household/Sole Proprietor” and 550 as “Joint Partnership”.

The remaining 0.5% of holdings were primarily Private Companies and Government

Institutions (Table 1). In 1982 the total number of Private Holders was 30,422 or 99.5%

(Table 1A).

The data for Trinidad and Tobago revealed that the majority of holders were engaged in

Crop activity (Table 2). There were 13,874 or 72.4% holders engaged in Crop production

while the remaining holders were engaged in Mixed, Livestock and Other activities. The

number of holders involved in Mixed activities was 3,077 holders or 16.1%, while

Livestock activities recorded 2,046 holders or 10.7%. Only 146 or 0.8% of holders were

engaged in Other activities such as Apiculture (Bee-keeping), Aquaculture and Horticulture

(Figure 1).

3

FIGURE 1. HOLDERS IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO BY TYPE OF AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY

10.7%

16.1%0.8%

72.4%

Crop Livestock Mixed Other

In Trinidad, 74.3%, 15.3%, and 9.7% of the holders were engaged in Crop, Mixed and

Livestock activities respectively. However in Tobago, although the majority of holders,

38.9% were engaged in Crop activity, Mixed and Livestock activities were also significant.

The data revealed that 30.6% of the holders in Tobago were engaged in Mixed activities

and 28.5% in Livestock activities. (Figure 2A and 2B)

FIGURE 2A. HOLDERS IN TRINIDAD BY TYPE OF AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY

9.7%

15.3%

0.7%

74.3%

Crop Livestock Mixed Other

FIGURE 2B. HOLDERS IN TOBAGO BY TYPE OF AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY

38.9%

30.6%

28.5%

2.0%

Crop Livestock Mixed Other

4

In 2004, there were 18,968 agricultural holdings in Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad

accounted for 18,022 holdings or 95.0% while Tobago had 946 or approximately 5.0%

(Table 3).

The relative size of holdings is represented in Figure 3. The majority of holdings were less

than 10 hectares in area. Twenty two percent (22.0%) of all holdings were less than 0.5

hectares, 65.1% were between 0.5 and less than 5 hectares, 8.9% between 5 and less than

10 hectares while only 4.0% were greater than 10 hectares in size.

FIGURE 3. HOLDINGS IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO BY SIZE OF HOLDING, 2004

18.2%

34.1%

8.9%

3.7%

12.8%

22.0%

0.3%

Under 0.5 ha. 0.5 to < 1 ha. 1 to < 2 ha. 2 to < 5 ha.5 to < 10 ha. 10 to < 50 ha. Over 50 ha.

A larger proportion of holdings in Tobago were under 0.5 hectares. To be more specific,

45.8% of the holdings were less than 0.5 hectares in size, 48.9% were between 0.5 and less

than 5 hectares, 3.5% between 5 and less than 10 hectares while only 1.8% were greater

than 10 hectares in size. In both Trinidad and Tobago over 95.0% of all the holdings were

less than 10 hectares in size.

5

An examination of the gender composition of the Private Holders in Trinidad and Tobago

(Table 4) revealed that there were 16,291 or 85.5% male holders, while female holders

accounted for 2,764 or 14.5%.

FIGURE 4. PRIVATE HOLDERS IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO BY AGE GROUP, 2004

10.4%

27.1%

20.3%

15.5%

24.2%

0.2% 2.3%

Under 25 Years 25-34 Years 35-44 Years 45-54 Years

55-64 Years 65 and Over Not Stated

The majority of Private Holders were between the ages of 35-64 years. This age group

accounted for 71.6% of the Private Holders. Of the remaining Private Holders 12.7% were

under 35 years and 15.5% were over 65 years. (Figure 4)

The number of persons constituting a Private Holder’s household is highlighted in Table 5.

The data shows that the average size of a Private Holder’s household in Trinidad and

Tobago was approximately 4.2 persons. Approximately 76.1% of the households ranged

from 1 to 5 members, while 23.9% had over 6 members in the household. In Trinidad the

average Private Holder’s household size was 4.2 persons while in Tobago it was 4.1

persons.

6

In Trinidad and Tobago 7,613 or 40.0% of a Private Holders were registered under the

Farmers Registration Programme of the Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Marine

Resources (Table 6). Among the registered holders, 6,762 or 88.8% were males and 851 or

11.2%, females. In Trinidad 88.8% of the registered holders were males and 11.2% were

females, while in Tobago 89.6% were males and 10.4%, females

.

7

POST AGRICULTURAL CENSUS EVALUATION SURVEY A Post Agricultural Census Evaluation and Home Production Survey was conducted in

September 2004, one month after the Census field exercise was completed.

The Post Agricultural Census Evaluation Survey (PES) The PES aimed to achieve two objectives. Firstly, to determine the coverage error, that is,

the extent to which all holders in Trinidad and Tobago were found and enumerated.

Secondly, to determine the accuracy of the data collected during the Census. In order to

achieve this, a geographically representative sample of 150 EDs was selected and all

households within these EDs were visited and listed. All holders found during this exercise

were enumerated which included Holders who were not enumerated during the Census. In

addition, Holders who were enumerated during the Census were re-interviewed using a

PES questionnaire. Preliminary results from the PES indicated that there was an

undercoverage error of approximately four percent (4.0%) (Appendix I).

The Home Production Survey A sample of 3000 households from the 150 selected EDs was used to collect data on

agricultural production primarily for home use. The data would be used to complement the

2004 Agricultural Census data and hence provide a picture of total agricultural production

(for sale and home use) in Trinidad and Tobago. Further details on the Home Production

Survey would be given in subsequent reports.

8

9

10

Tota

l All

Type

s

Indi

vidu

al/

Hou

seho

ld/

Sole

Pr

oprie

tor

Join

t Pa

rtner

ship

Co-

oper

ativ

e So

ciet

y

Priv

ate

Com

pany

Stat

e En

terp

rise

Gov

ernm

ent

Oth

er

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

Tri

nida

d an

d T

obag

o19

143

1850

555

05

503

2010

T

rini

dad

1816

917

594

498

549

311

9

City

of P

ort o

f Spa

in22

173

02

00

0

City

of S

an F

erna

ndo

4338

30

20

00

B

orou

gh o

f Arim

a10

493

90

10

01

B

orou

gh o

f Cha

guan

as50

148

218

00

01

0

Bor

ough

of P

oint

For

tin82

810

10

00

0

Die

go M

artin

529

501

270

00

10

Sa

n Ju

an/L

aven

tille

649

637

110

10

00

Tu

napu

na/P

iarc

o22

2121

5444

014

04

5

Cou

va/T

abaq

uite

/Tal

paro

3078

2974

852

121

31

M

ayar

o/R

io C

laro

2099

2037

591

20

00

Sa

ngre

Gra

nde

2460

2370

841

40

10

Pr

ince

s Tow

n28

1227

4168

03

00

0

Pena

l/Deb

e22

2721

6655

02

20

2

Sipa

ria13

4213

0332

06

01

0

Tob

ago

974

911

520

10

91

T

AB

LE

1

Num

ber

of H

olde

rs b

y A

rea

of R

esid

ence

and

Typ

e of

Org

anis

atio

n of

Hol

ding

- 20

04

Are

a of

Res

iden

ce

Typ

e of

Org

anis

atio

n of

Hol

ding

11

Tota

l All

Type

s

Indi

vidu

al/

Hou

seho

ld/

Sole

Pr

oprie

tor

Join

t Pa

rtner

ship

Co-

oper

ativ

e So

ciet

yPr

ivat

e C

ompa

nySt

ate

Ente

rpris

eG

over

nmen

tO

ther

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

Tri

nida

d an

d T

obag

o30

566

2935

810

648

833

500

Tri

nida

d28

600

2746

910

078

753

380

Tob

ago

1966

1889

570

80

120

T

AB

LE

1A

Num

ber

of H

olde

rs b

y A

rea

of R

esid

ence

and

Typ

e of

Org

anis

atio

n of

Hol

ding

- 19

82

Are

a of

Res

iden

ce

Typ

e of

Org

anis

atio

n of

Hol

ding

12

TABLE 2

Number of Holders by Area of Residence and Type of Agricultural Activity

Area of ResidenceType of Agricultural Activity

Total All Types Crop Livestock Mixed Other

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Trinidad and Tobago 19143 13874 2046 3077 146 Trinidad 18169 13495 1768 2779 127 City of Port of Spain 22 17 2 3 0 City of San Fernando 43 33 5 4 1 Borough of Arima 104 85 4 10 5 Borough of Chaguanas 501 317 84 98 2

Borough of Point Fortin 82 37 18 21 6

Diego Martin 529 486 14 27 2

San Juan/Laventille 649 519 37 87 6

Tunapuna/Piarco 2221 1556 217 425 23

Couva/Tabaquite/Talparo 3078 2077 435 553 13

Mayaro/Rio Claro 2099 1765 80 247 7

Sangre Grande 2460 1907 221 318 14

Princes Town 2812 2355 155 290 12

Penal/Debe 2227 1590 236 395 6

Siparia 1342 751 260 301 30

Tobago 974 379 278 298 19

13

Tota

l All

Size

sU

nder

0.

5 0.

5 to

<

11

to

<

22

to

<

5

5 to

< 10

10

to

<

50

50 to

< 10

0 10

0 to

<

200

200

to <

50

0 50

0 an

d O

ver

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

Tri

nida

d an

d T

obag

o18

968

4166

2438

3453

6464

1693

699

3014

92

T

rini

dad

1802

237

3322

9433

0862

9016

6068

828

118

2

City

of P

ort o

f Spa

in21

22

54

43

00

10

C

ity o

f San

Fer

nand

o

39

51

215

94

11

10

B

orou

gh o

f Arim

a10

225

78

4016

51

00

0

Bor

ough

of C

hagu

anas

495

184

7077

114

3515

00

00

B

orou

gh o

f Poi

nt F

ortin

8232

87

293

30

00

0

Die

go M

artin

512

295

9258

479

101

00

0

San

Juan

/Lav

entil

le64

421

011

514

414

619

80

20

0

Tuna

puna

/Pia

rco

2186

660

331

373

580

167

694

11

0

Cou

va/T

abaq

uite

/Tal

paro

3052

614

354

613

953

357

151

63

10

M

ayar

o/R

io C

laro

2097

211

174

339

1080

210

782

21

0

Sang

re G

rand

e24

3935

324

039

310

5227

811

74

11

0

Prin

ces T

own

2799

341

319

570

1099

329

136

40

10

Pe

nal/D

ebe

2219

469

412

490

648

136

613

00

0

Sipa

ria13

3533

216

922

948

388

282

11

2

Tob

ago

946

433

144

145

174

3311

23

10

T

AB

LE

3

Size

of H

oldi

ngs (

Hec

tare

s)

Num

ber

of H

oldi

ngs b

y A

rea

of R

esid

ence

of H

olde

r an

d Si

ze o

f Hol

ding

Are

a of

Res

iden

ce o

f Hol

der

14

Total All

Ages

Under 25

Years

25-34 Years

35-44 Years

45-54 Years

55-64 Years

65 and Over

Not Stated

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)Trinidad and Tobago Both Sexes 19055 437 1974 4621 5157 3872 2958 36

Male 16291 390 1764 4055 4431 3202 2417 32Female 2764 47 210 566 726 670 541 4

Trinidad Both Sexes 18092 412 1906 4410 4908 3674 2747 35Male 15465 366 1707 3870 4214 3038 2239 31Female 2627 46 199 540 694 636 508 4

City of Both Sexes 20 0 1 6 7 2 4 0Port of Spain Male 16 0 1 5 6 2 2 0

Female 4 0 0 1 1 0 2 0

City of Both Sexes 41 0 2 5 10 14 10 0San Fernando Male 36 0 2 5 10 12 7 0

Female 5 0 0 0 0 2 3 0

Borough of Both Sexes 102 1 4 18 27 20 31 1Arima Male 91 1 4 17 25 18 25 1

Female 11 0 0 1 2 2 6 0

Borough of Both Sexes 500 8 44 107 148 127 66 0Chaguanas Male 447 8 40 100 135 106 58 0

Female 53 0 4 7 13 21 8 0

Borough of Both Sexes 81 4 10 18 17 20 12 0Point Fortin Male 67 3 9 17 13 15 10 0

Female 14 1 1 1 4 5 2 0

Diego Martin Both Sexes 528 10 82 127 131 109 69 0Male 448 7 69 112 111 94 55 0Female 80 3 13 15 20 15 14 0

San Juan/ Both Sexes 648 9 42 135 183 159 120 0Laventille Male 543 8 40 115 157 132 91 0

Female 105 1 2 20 26 27 29 0

1 "Private Holders" refers to "Individual/Household/Sole Proprietor" and "Joint Partnership"

Number of Private Holders1 by Area of Residence, Gender and Age Group

Area of Residence & Gender

TABLE 4

Age Group

15

Total All Ages Under 25 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 and

OverNot

Stated

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)Tunapuna/ Both Sexes 2198 55 219 501 598 466 345 14Piarco Male 1836 47 197 427 509 377 268 11

Female 362 8 22 74 89 89 77 3

Couva/ Both Sexes 3059 73 312 744 854 633 437 6Tabaquite/ Male 2635 62 282 657 725 530 373 6Talparo Female 424 11 30 87 129 103 64 0

Mayaro/ Both Sexes 2096 61 247 571 526 367 323 1Rio Claro Male 1823 58 226 506 458 306 268 1

Female 273 3 21 65 68 61 55 0

Sangre Grande Both Sexes 2454 54 264 569 658 457 451 1Male 2054 50 237 479 554 371 362 1Female 400 4 27 90 104 86 89 0

Princes Town Both Sexes 2809 68 324 749 744 561 358 5Male 2446 64 293 672 650 470 292 5Female 363 4 31 77 94 91 66 0

Penal/Debe Both Sexes 2221 45 252 536 639 459 290 0Male 1904 36 226 482 541 378 241 0Female 317 9 26 54 98 81 49 0

Siparia Both Sexes 1335 24 103 324 366 280 231 7Male 1119 22 81 276 320 227 187 6Female 216 2 22 48 46 53 44 1

Tobago Both Sexes 963 25 68 211 249 198 211 1Male 826 24 57 185 217 164 178 1Female 137 1 11 26 32 34 33 0

1 "Private Holders" refers to "Individual/Household/Sole Proprietor" and "Joint Partnership".

TABLE 4 (Cont'd)Number of Private Holders1 by Area of Residence, Gender and Age Group

Area of Residence & Gender

Age Group

16

Tota

l A

ll Si

zes

12

34

56

78

9 an

d O

ver

Not

Sta

ted

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

Tri

nida

d an

d T

obag

o19

055

1770

2561

2999

3967

3212

2112

1189

534

677

34

Tri

nida

d18

092

1639

2412

2851

3823

3077

2006

1113

505

632

34

City

of P

ort o

f Spa

in20

24

13

72

00

10

C

ity o

f San

Fer

nand

o

41

312

57

92

10

20

B

orou

gh o

f Arim

a10

211

2011

249

186

03

0

Bor

ough

of C

hagu

anas

500

2557

8712

083

4638

2024

0

Bor

ough

of P

oint

For

tin81

611

2211

1112

23

30

D

iego

Mar

tin52

850

6491

101

8159

4313

260

Sa

n Ju

an/L

aven

tille

648

7492

104

117

9565

4930

220

Tu

napu

na/P

iarc

o21

9819

427

231

243

140

322

716

664

113

16

Cou

va/T

abaq

uite

/Tal

paro

3059

234

431

492

661

532

360

168

8788

6

May

aro/

Rio

Cla

ro20

9622

128

434

343

733

022

212

359

734

Sa

ngre

Gra

nde

2454

348

346

363

450

373

264

158

5597

0

Prin

ces T

own

2809

212

349

454

638

517

326

153

7878

4

Pena

l/Deb

e22

2111

225

935

953

441

428

213

168

620

Si

paria

1335

147

211

207

289

213

121

7528

404

T

obag

o96

313

114

914

814

413

510

676

2945

0

1 "P

rivat

e H

olde

rs"

refe

rs to

"In

divi

dual

/Hou

seho

ld/S

ole

Prop

rieto

r" a

nd "

Join

t Par

tner

ship

".

Are

a of

Res

iden

ce N

umbe

r of

Pri

vate

Hol

ders

1 by

Are

a of

Res

iden

ce a

nd S

ize

of H

ouse

hold

TA

BL

E 5

Size

of H

ouse

hold

(Num

ber

of P

erso

ns)

17

Num

ber

% o

f Pr

ivat

e H

olde

rs b

y A

rea

Num

ber

% o

f Tot

al

Reg

iste

red

by

Are

aN

umbe

r%

of

Reg

iste

red

Hol

ders

by

Are

a

(1)

(2)

(3)

(6)

(7)

(4)

(5)

Tri

nida

d an

d T

obag

o19

055

7613

40.0

6762

88.8

851

11.2

T

rini

dad

1809

272

7640

.264

6088

.881

611

.2

City

of P

ort o

f Spa

in20

840

.07

87.5

112

.0

City

of S

an F

erna

ndo

4123

56.1

2295

.71

4.3

B

orou

gh o

f Arim

a10

243

42.2

4195

.32

4.7

B

orou

gh o

f Cha

guan

as50

023

446

.821

391

.021

9.0

B

orou

gh o

f Poi

nt F

ortin

8130

37.0

2583

.35

16.7

D

iego

Mar

tin52

891

17.2

8593

.46

6.6

Sa

n Ju

an/L

aven

tille

648

274

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MAIN CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS Agricultural Census An Agricultural Census is defined as the total process of collecting, analysing, interpreting and disseminating information relating to food and agriculture, and pertaining to all agricultural holders in a country at a specific time. It is a complete count of farmers or holders engaged in agricultural production primarily for sale. Enumeration Enumeration is the act of locating, identifying/verifying, interviewing and completing a census questionnaire for each agricultural holder. Enumeration District (ED) An Enumeration District is a defined geographic area outlined on a map. The Central Statistical Office has subdivided Trinidad and Tobago into approximately two thousand four hundred and ninety two (2492) EDs for the main purposes of workload allocation and data collection in censuses and sample surveys. Household A household consists of one person or a group of persons occupying the same living quarters and sharing at least one of the main daily meals. Traditionally, the household usually comprises a family group – father, mother, children and relatives living together, but it may also consists of two or more families, or a group of unrelated persons sharing a common dwelling unit, or one person living alone. It should be noted that a member of the household may not necessarily be a relative of the main family unit. For example, a boarder or domestic employee who sleeps in most nights and shares at least one of the daily meals is also included as a member of the household. Head of Household The head of the household is the person (male or female) acknowledged as head by the other members. Usually, the head of the household is the main income earner, has primary authority and carries the main responsibility in the affairs of the household.

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Holding An agricultural holding is an economic unit of agricultural production producing primarily for sale under single management comprising all livestock and poultry kept, and all land being used either wholly or partly for agricultural production purposes, without regard to title, legal form, size or location. Single management may be exercised by an individual or household, jointly by two or more individuals or households or by a juridical person such as a corporation, co-operative or government agency. Thus defined, a holding may be owned, leased or rented or operated under some other form of tenure, including squatting. A holding may comprise a “landless” farm i.e. livestock or poultry kept for agricultural purposes even though the holder neither owns nor rents more than a nominal amount of land on which to keep them. The size of the holding may range from one lot or (1/8) of an acre to several acres or hectares which may be a single compact block of land, or may comprise several parcels of land, which may or may not be located in the same administrative area. The holding does not include lands which the holder is renting out to other persons, but it does cover lands which the holder is renting from other persons, if such land is operated as part of the holding.

In order to distinguish any piece of land as a holding it must have associated with it at the time of enumeration at least:

(a) Two or more heads of cattle, or pigs, or goats or sheep or any other types of

livestock, or one head of any two types of livestock being raised for agricultural purposes primarily for sale; or

(b) A flock of at least 12 poultry of which all or some are being raised primarily for sale; or

(c) Bee-keeping or fish farming activities primarily for sale; or (d) Crops (vegetables fruits and other tree crops) grown primarily for sale; or (e) The growing of Ornamental Plants, Flowers primarily for sale.

However, where hydro-ponic and grow box techniques are being used to produce crops for sale, such places would qualify as holdings regardless of the size of land being used. Backyard gardens on which crops are being grown solely for home consumption are not included.

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Economic units engaged solely in the following activities are not considered agricultural holdings:

- Hunting, trapping and game propagation - Forestry and logging - Fishing - Agricultural services.

Holder The holder is the civil person or legal entity with the economic and technical initiative, who makes major decisions regarding resource use and exercises management control over the agricultural holding operation. The holder may undertake all responsibilities directly, or through a manager to whom he has delegated the responsibility for the day-to-day management of the holding.

The holder will therefore normally be an owner or tenant/lessee or he may be a rent-free tenant or a squatter, or an executor after the death of an owner where the heir(s) are not yet in possession. The holder may be an individual, a company, a co-operative society, an institution, a government agency, a commune, a trustee or some other organised entity. Parcel A parcel is a contiguous piece of land of a holding held under one form of tenure, whether or not this land is cut by a road, river or administrative boundary. Therefore, a parcel may comprise the entire holding or it may be part of a holding. A parcel may consist of one or more fields adjacent to each other: A field is a piece of land in a parcel separated from the rest of the parcel by easily recognizable demarcation lines, such as paths, cadastral boundaries and/or hedges. A field may consist of one or more plots. A plot is a whole field or part of a field on which a specific crop or crop mixture is grown.

Hired Manager A hired manager is a person who is responsible for making day to day decisions in operating a holding, including the management and supervision of hired labour on behalf of the holder. A hired manager who shares economic and financial responsibilities in addition to managing the holding should be considered a holder or a joint holder. Thus a hired manager is usually a paid employee of a holder, but he may be an unpaid relative of the holder. Wages may be in cash and/or kind. For Government holdings, the officer-in-charge of the day-to-day administration should be regarded as the hired manager.

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Agricultural Operations

For purposes of this Census, agricultural operations cover:

- The growing of tree crops, field crops, vegetables and other food crops, nurseries and flowers (both in the open and under protection) grasses and other fodder crops.

- The production of coffee, cocoa, copra, citrus and other crop products.

- The rearing of livestock and poultry and the production of livestock and

poultry products.

- Bee-Keeping and Fish Farming. Establishments, which rear horses for racing purposes or dogs, or any other animal for non-agricultural purposes were not considered as agricultural holdings. Administrative Areas The major divisions of the country comprise of the following administrative areas: Trinidad Tobago City Corporations Parishes

• Port of Spain • St.• St.• St.• St.• St.• St.• St.

• San Fernando Borough Corporations

• Arima • Chaguanas • Point Fortin

Regional Corporations

• Diego Martin • San Juan/Laventille • Tunapuna/Piarco • Mayaro/Rio Claro • Couva/Tabaquite/Talparo • Princes Town • Penal/Debe • Siparia

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George Mary Andrew Patrick David Paul John

Appendix IPRELIMINARY RESULTS ON THE 2004 POST AGRICULTURAL CENSUS

EVALUATION (PES)

Number of Households in the Frame

Number of Households in selected EDs before

Listing

Number of Households in selected EDs after Listing

Number of Holders found in selected EDs

during the PES

Number of Holders found in the Selected EDs during the Census

309,600 23,365 23,017 1,505 1,445

Two methods were used to estimate the coverage bias. Both methods resulted in an undercoverage error of 4.0%.

(I) A comparison of Holders found in the selected EDs during the PES and those found in the same EDs during the Census. As indicated in the table above, 1,445 holders were found in the Census in the selected EDs and 1,505 Holders were found in the same EDs during the PES. Therefore the comparison would be:

1445/1505 = 96.01%. Hence there was an undercoverage error of 3.99%

(II) The Ratio Method (a) Adjustment to the number of households in the frame due to the difference in the number of households in sample before and after listing. This adjustment was determined as:

H i Where Hi = Adjusted No. of households after listingHf = No. of households in frame before listing

H i = (hi/hf) x Hf hi = No. of households in sample after listinghf = No. of households in sample before listing

H i = (23017/23365) x 309600 = 304989

(b) Estimation of the number of holders The estimation of the number of holders was determined as:

HO i Where HOi = No. of holders in Trinidad and Tobago HO i = (hoi/hi) x Hi hoi = No. of holders in sample from PES HO i = (1505/23017) x 304989 hi = No. of householdds in sample after listing = 19942

(c) Comparing the enumerated number of holders to the estimated number of holders.

19143/19942 = 95.99%. Hence there was an undercoverage error of 4.01%

The Central Statistical Office Printing Unit Trinidad and Tobago