Ming and Qing

Dynasties

By:

Class Definition: a large area of land that is made up of many territories with diverse cultures and is run by one strong ruling body that also has a stable military

● large area of land: covered most of China ● many territories: army conquered many cities ● diverse cultures: Traditional Chinese, Mongol, new Ming ideas● one strong ruling body: The Ming used a bureaucracy to rule ● stable military: conquered Mongol dynasty to start Ming Dynasty

Definition

Origins and Expansion

Origins ● the Yuan Dynasty had lost the

Mandate of Heaven, Zhu Yuanzhang’s army took over the dynasty, making it into the Ming Dynasty

● Ming Dynasty lost the Mandate of Heaven, Manchus conquered the lands to establish the Qing Dynasty

Expansion● Sea Voyages

o Zheng He sea voyages to spread knowledge of Ming power

Southeast Asia, Arabia, India, and Africa

● Kangxi & Qianlong o strong rulerso peace and prosperity to Chinao strong army conquered lands

Golden Ages

Ming Dynasty

Qing Dynasty

The Golden Age of the Ming and Qing Dynasties lasted for 133 years and is known as “The Golden Age of Three Emperors.” It lasted from 1622-1795.● Emperor Kangxi was the first of the three

○ restored agriculture ○ lightened burdens of farmers

● Emperor Yongzheng was the second ○ reduced tax burden of farmers ○ strengthened central government control

● Emperor Qianlong was the third emperor ○ developed economy quickly ○ population increase

Organization-Government

● The Ming and Qing’s Government has and Emperor, the emperor is on the top, the tax system distributed land to Chinese peasants.

● The Ming dynasty made the people take the civil service exam to prove themselves of being officials and worth of the government.

Organization-Economy

Ming● feudalism started to decline,

capitalism started to form● agriculture bloomed ● handicraft and porcelain industries

o promoted urbanization and a market economy

● trade with Europe and America for luxury goods

● commercial metropolises formed o Beijing, Nanjing

● later policy of restraining commerce hampered commercial development

Qing● dependence on overseas trading

increased ● marketing growth and expansion● established a Trade Balance with the

West ● reduced tax burden ● Grand Canal built more efficiently ● rulers limited trading licenses of

wealthy merchants to prevent them from gaining too much power

life of society

china was not very caring for religions other than the three religions [confucianism + daoism + tibetan lamaism] , so when islam was spread in china, it wasnt cared for and was insignificant. christianity was accepted bc it was modified for chinese customs and their not believing in immaterial substances. christianity fell when the kangxi emperor decided the jesuits couldnt obey orders from rome, causing conflict and dissolving the jesuit order worldwide.

Timeline LEGENDOttoman Empire (1299-1923)

Mughal Empire (1526-1857)Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368-1911)Tokugawa Empire (1603-1868) Russian Empire (1721-1917)

Decline

● The Ming dynasty lasted for nearly 3 centuries, however, in the early 1600’s the Ming dynasty became weak and corrupt. Famines and rebellions broke out, the ming dynasty had lost their mandate of heaven, Manchu invaders from the north stormed in and took over the empire with gunpowder.

● The main reasons for the decline of the Qing dynasty was that they officially discouraged trade & only allowed it in limited form, they restricted European traders to the port of Canton. Also, as a result as the economy grew so did the population. Between 1650 & 1800 the population grew from 140 million people to 350 million. China could not sustain such growth forever, they began to experience famine and food shortages, rebellions began to break out and the dynasty fell apart.

Bibliography Slide 1: http://www.knowledgequestmaps.com/map_center/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/MapCenter-MingQing-2med.pngSlide 2: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/18_century_Qing_China.png/640px-18_century_Qing_China.png

Prentice Hall World History Textbook Slide 3: http://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/china-history/the-ming-dynasty.htm

http://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/china-history/the-qing-dynasty.htmSlide 4: http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~vaucher/Genealogy/Documents/Asia/images/Ming_1368-1644.jpg

http://gaukartifact.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/qingdynastymap.gifhttp://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2005/nov/13/art1

Slide 5: http://student.teachtci.com/shared/home http://www.chinaheritagequarterly.org/009/_pix/grandcanal1.jpgSlide 6:http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/ming.htm http://student.teachtci.com/shared/home Slide 7: http://student.teachtci.com/shared/sections/7828?program_id=72

http://www.countriesquest.com/asia/india/history/the_mughal_empire/rise_of_the_mughals.htm http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Qing/qing-religion.html

http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Ming/ming-religion.html http://www.economist.com/node/21526388Slide 8: http://student.teachtci.com/shared/sections/7826?program_id=72 http://student.teachtci.com/shared/sections/7826?program_id=72