MIDTESTMIDTEST• these specially-equipped aeroplanesthese specially-equipped aeroplanes• the long-nosed crocodilesthe long-nosed crocodiles• the careless wasting of our natural the careless wasting of our natural

resourcesresources• microbes too small to seemicrobes too small to see• a very modern system of learning a very modern system of learning

foreign languageforeign language

• They ………….. my invitation to that party. They ………….. my invitation to that party. (accepted/(accepted/exceptedexcepted))

• The …………… of students in the program is The …………… of students in the program is increasing. (number/increasing. (number/amount/totalamount/total))

• There is little difference ……….. the three There is little difference ……….. the three ideas. (amongideas. (among/between/of/between/of))

• Both Frank and Philip are likeable, but the Both Frank and Philip are likeable, but the …………. is the more intelligent. …………. is the more intelligent. ((late/later/latest/late/later/latest/latter)latter)

• She got many …………..on her new ring. She got many …………..on her new ring. (compliments(compliments/ complements/ / complements/ complementarycomplementary))

• His doctor ………him to stop smoking. His doctor ………him to stop smoking. (counseled/(counseled/counciledcounciled))

• I am ……..the screws. (I am ……..the screws. (lossinglossing/ / loosening/loosening/loosingloosing))

• It is difficult to discuss ……….problems. It is difficult to discuss ……….problems. ((personnel/person/personnel/person/ personal) personal)

• After the children left, the house was After the children left, the house was …….. (…….. (quit,quit, quiet quiet, quite, quite))

• She wrote the letter on university ……… She wrote the letter on university ……… (stationery(stationery/ stationary/station/ stationary/station))

• The important and critical point in a child’s The important and critical point in a child’s growth is observed by scientists.growth is observed by scientists.

• When are the results of the test announced?When are the results of the test announced?• The marketer is mainly interested in seeing that The marketer is mainly interested in seeing that

supply and demand are equal to each other.supply and demand are equal to each other.• Historically, the invention of chronometers was Historically, the invention of chronometers was

a major advance in determining longitude and an a major advance in determining longitude and an aid in celestial navigation. aid in celestial navigation.

• In actual practice, dropping an object from a In actual practice, dropping an object from a height of a meter stick and using a stop watch to height of a meter stick and using a stop watch to time its fall, we have other sources of error.time its fall, we have other sources of error.

• Pesawat-pesawat terbang itu diproduksi oleh Pesawat-pesawat terbang itu diproduksi oleh sebuah perusahaan Inggris sebelum perang dunia sebuah perusahaan Inggris sebelum perang dunia ke 2.ke 2.

• Salah satu kemajuan dalam teknologi modern Salah satu kemajuan dalam teknologi modern abad ini adalah penemuan komputer.abad ini adalah penemuan komputer.

• Di masa datang, otomasi memungkinkan manusia Di masa datang, otomasi memungkinkan manusia untuk memproduksi barang-barang yang lebih untuk memproduksi barang-barang yang lebih baik dan lebih murahbaik dan lebih murah

• Sesuai dengan perkembangan mekanika kuantum, Sesuai dengan perkembangan mekanika kuantum, sekarang telah dipahami bahwa partikel-partikel sekarang telah dipahami bahwa partikel-partikel saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain melalui saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain melalui interaksi-interaksi. interaksi-interaksi.

• Di dalam fisika, gaya adalah sesuatu yang bisa Di dalam fisika, gaya adalah sesuatu yang bisa mempercepat gerakan suatu benda.mempercepat gerakan suatu benda.

ANALISIS KALIMATANALISIS KALIMAT

• A. Kalimat Tunggal (simple Sentences)A. Kalimat Tunggal (simple Sentences)• They study English at schoolThey study English at school S P O KetS P O Ket• The subject is interesting.The subject is interesting. S PS P• There is a slight difference between them.There is a slight difference between them. P S Ket.P S Ket.• It is important to study history.It is important to study history. P SP S

• B. Kalimat Majemuk Setara (Compound B. Kalimat Majemuk Setara (Compound Sentences)Sentences)

• Kalimat Majemuk Setara ialah kalimat yang Kalimat Majemuk Setara ialah kalimat yang merupakan gabungan dua atau lebih kalimat merupakan gabungan dua atau lebih kalimat tunggal (induk kalimat) dengan kata-kata tunggal (induk kalimat) dengan kata-kata penghubung yang menghubungkan hal-hal penghubung yang menghubungkan hal-hal yang setara pula, seperti AND, BUT, OR, yang setara pula, seperti AND, BUT, OR, SO.SO.

• Bali is a beautiful island AND there are many visitors Bali is a beautiful island AND there are many visitors there. there.

• Millions of people study English BUT only few Millions of people study English BUT only few succeed. succeed.

• They should stop the power competition OR there They should stop the power competition OR there will be a war.will be a war.

• C. Kalimat Majemuk Bertingkat (Complex C. Kalimat Majemuk Bertingkat (Complex Sentences)Sentences)

• Kalimat Majemuk Bertingkat ialah kalimat yang Kalimat Majemuk Bertingkat ialah kalimat yang mempunyai lebih dari satu Subyek dan Predikat yang mempunyai lebih dari satu Subyek dan Predikat yang terjadi karena adanya anak-anak kalimat/subklosa di terjadi karena adanya anak-anak kalimat/subklosa di samping induk kalimat/klosa utama. Subklosa tersebut samping induk kalimat/klosa utama. Subklosa tersebut mungkin subklosa ajektifa/subklosa relatif, subklosa mungkin subklosa ajektifa/subklosa relatif, subklosa adverba, atau mungkin pula subklosa bendaadverba, atau mungkin pula subklosa benda..

• (C.1)Klosa Utama + Subklosa Ajektifa(C.1)Klosa Utama + Subklosa Ajektifa• (C.2) Klosa Utama + Subklosa Adverba(C.2) Klosa Utama + Subklosa Adverba• (C.3) Klosa Utama + Subklosa Benda(C.3) Klosa Utama + Subklosa Benda

(C.1)Klosa Utama + Subklosa Ajektifa(C.1)Klosa Utama + Subklosa Ajektifa

• Subklosa Ajektifa berfungsi sebagai Subklosa Ajektifa berfungsi sebagai keterangan tambahan terhadap kata benda keterangan tambahan terhadap kata benda di depannya di depannya

• The course The course that the students take sometimesthat the students take sometimes does not suit does not suit their talent and ability. their talent and ability.

• Young generation Young generation who live in this decadewho live in this decade face other face other difficult problems.difficult problems.

• The world The world where we live inwhere we live in is becoming smaller and is becoming smaller and smaller.smaller.

• He solved this issue in a way He solved this issue in a way that surprised usthat surprised us..

• Apabila kata ganti penghubung seperti Apabila kata ganti penghubung seperti WHICH, THAT dan WHOM dalam WHICH, THAT dan WHOM dalam subklosa tersebut berfungsi sebagai objek, subklosa tersebut berfungsi sebagai objek, maka mereka bisa tidak ditulis. Contoh:maka mereka bisa tidak ditulis. Contoh:

The lady The lady (whom) we met last night(whom) we met last night is my teacher. is my teacher.The books (The books (which) you borrowed last weekwhich) you borrowed last week should should

be returned today.be returned today.

• 2.2. Ada lagi subklosa yang hampir sama dengan subklosa Ada lagi subklosa yang hampir sama dengan subklosa ajektifa yaitu subklosa isi (content clause). Subklosa Isi ini ajektifa yaitu subklosa isi (content clause). Subklosa Isi ini merupakan penjelasan/isi dari kata benda di de-pannya. merupakan penjelasan/isi dari kata benda di de-pannya. Contoh; dan bandingkan:Contoh; dan bandingkan:

• The news The news THAT he is arrestedTHAT he is arrested has been spread out. has been spread out.• subklosa isi subklosa isi • (THAT= bahwa)(THAT= bahwa)• The news The news THAT I am going to tell youTHAT I am going to tell you is very important is very important• (THAT = yang)(THAT = yang)

(C.2) Klosa Utama + Subklosa Adverba(C.2) Klosa Utama + Subklosa Adverba

• 1. Subklosa Adverba Alasan1. Subklosa Adverba Alasan

Many people die every year Many people die every year because of hungerbecause of hunger.. S P (frasa ket. alasan) S P (frasa ket. alasan)

Many people die every year Many people die every year BECAUSE there is not enough food for themBECAUSE there is not enough food for them S P (subklosa adverba. alasan)S P (subklosa adverba. alasan)AS it was too dark to go onAS it was too dark to go on we camped on the slope of the mountain. we camped on the slope of the mountain. Ket. Alasan S P Ket TempatKet. Alasan S P Ket Tempat

2. Subklosa Adverba Waktu2. Subklosa Adverba Waktu

They leave the house They leave the house early in the morningearly in the morning..S P (frasa ket. waktu)S P (frasa ket. waktu)They leave the house They leave the house WHEN the day is just dawningWHEN the day is just dawning. . S P (subklosa adverba waktu)S P (subklosa adverba waktu)He fell asleep He fell asleep WHILE he was studying his grammar bookWHILE he was studying his grammar book..S PS P Ket. Waktu Ket. Waktu(WHILE - ketika)(WHILE - ketika)I saw her I saw her AS she was getting off the busAS she was getting off the bus SPSP Ket. WaktuKet. Waktu(AS = ketika)(AS = ketika)

3. Subklosa Adverba Perlawanan3. Subklosa Adverba Perlawanan

• In spite of the rainIn spite of the rain he went to school. he went to school.• (frasa k. perlawanan) S P (frasa k. perlawanan) S P • (in spite of = walaupun ada)(in spite of = walaupun ada)• ALTHOUGH it was rainingALTHOUGH it was raining he went to school. he went to school.• (subklosa perlawanan)(subklosa perlawanan) S P S P• (ALTHOUGH - walaupun)(ALTHOUGH - walaupun)• Contoh:Contoh:• EVEN IF you don't like himEVEN IF you don't like him you can still be polite. you can still be polite.• Ket. PerlawananKet. Perlawanan S S PP• (EVEN IF = walaupun)(EVEN IF = walaupun)• HOWEVER rich people areHOWEVER rich people are they always seem to make more money. they always seem to make more money.• Ket. Perlawanan SKet. Perlawanan S P P• (HOWEVER = bagaimanapun ...)(HOWEVER = bagaimanapun ...)

4. Subklosa Adverba Tujuan4. Subklosa Adverba Tujuan

• The poor man works hard to support his family.The poor man works hard to support his family.• SS P P (frasa ket. tujuan)(frasa ket. tujuan)• The poor man works hard The poor man works hard SO THA T he could support his familySO THA T he could support his family..• SS P P (subklosa adverba tujuan)(subklosa adverba tujuan)• (SO THAT = agar supaya)(SO THAT = agar supaya)• Contoh lain:Contoh lain:• They carved their names on the stone They carved their names on the stone IN ORDER THAT future generations might knowIN ORDER THAT future generations might know • S PS P Ket. TujuanKet. Tujuan• what they had donewhat they had done• . (IN ORDER THAT = agar supaya). (IN ORDER THAT = agar supaya)• You should take an umbrella with you You should take an umbrella with you IN CASE it rainsIN CASE it rains..• S S PP Ket. Tujuan Ket. Tujuan• (IN CASE - kalau-kalau)(IN CASE - kalau-kalau)

5.5. Subklosa Adverba AkibatSubklosa Adverba Akibat

• The test was The test was SOSO difficult difficult THAT many students failedTHAT many students failed..• S P S P (subklosa adv. akibat) (subklosa adv. akibat)• (SO....THAT= begitu.... sehingga).(SO....THAT= begitu.... sehingga).• The snow fell The snow fell SOSO fast fast THAT our footsteps were covered in a few minutesTHAT our footsteps were covered in a few minutes..• SS P P (subklosa adv. akibat) (subklosa adv. akibat)• They had They had SUCHSUCH a fierce dog a fierce dog THAT no one dared to go near their houseTHAT no one dared to go near their house• S P (subklosa adv. akibat) S P (subklosa adv. akibat) • (SUCH.... THAT= begitu.... sehingga).(SUCH.... THAT= begitu.... sehingga).

The The carburetorcarburetor, , carburatorcarburator, or , or carburettercarburetter

• A carburetor basically consists of A carburetor basically consists of an open pipe, a "throat" or an open pipe, a "throat" or "barrel" through which the air "barrel" through which the air passes into the inlet manifold of passes into the inlet manifold of the engine. the engine.

• The pipe is in the form of a The pipe is in the form of a venturi, it narrows in section and venturi, it narrows in section and then widens again, causing the then widens again, causing the airflow to increase in speed in the airflow to increase in speed in the narrowest part. narrowest part.

• Below the venturi is a butterfly Below the venturi is a butterfly valve called the throttle valve — valve called the throttle valve — a rotating disc that can be turned a rotating disc that can be turned end-on to the airflow, so as to end-on to the airflow, so as to hardly restrict the flow at all, or hardly restrict the flow at all, or can be rotated so that it (almost) can be rotated so that it (almost) completely blocks the flow of air. completely blocks the flow of air.

• This valve controls the flow of air through the This valve controls the flow of air through the carburetor throat and thus the quantity of air/fuel carburetor throat and thus the quantity of air/fuel mixture the system will deliver, thereby regulating mixture the system will deliver, thereby regulating engine power and speed. engine power and speed.

• The throttle is connected, usually through a cable The throttle is connected, usually through a cable or a mechanical linkage of rods and joints or or a mechanical linkage of rods and joints or rarely by pneumatic link, to the accelerator pedal rarely by pneumatic link, to the accelerator pedal on a car or the equivalent control on other vehicles on a car or the equivalent control on other vehicles or equipment.or equipment.

• Fuel is introduced into the air stream through Fuel is introduced into the air stream through small holes at the narrowest part of the venturi.small holes at the narrowest part of the venturi.

• Fuel flow in response to a particular pressure drop Fuel flow in response to a particular pressure drop in the venturi is adjusted by means of precisely-in the venturi is adjusted by means of precisely-calibrated orifices, referred to as calibrated orifices, referred to as jetsjets, in the fuel , in the fuel path.path.