Friday, September 12, 2014

Text SizeSearch Search... Home Seputar LPMP o Sejarah o VisiMisi o !edudu"a#, Tu$asFu#$si o Stru"tur %r$a#isasi o &ata Pe$a'ai o Produ" ("sp)orasi o Forum Forum *+PT! Forum LPMP o ,$e#da !e$iata# o P! -uru o !!-.M-MP / !e)ompo" !erja &o'#)oads o Materi o Produ" Hu"um o Serti0i"asi -uru o Portab)e o Pe#$umuma# o 1)o2"$ra#t 2010 o Forum -uru &ata -uru 3a'a Te#$ah o -o)o#$a# !epa#$"ata# o +sia o Ti#$"at Pe#didi"a# o Ti#$"at Se"o)ah 4#de"s o Top *e's o Top 4#0o o 1erita o !arya Tu)is 4)miah o ,rti"e) o Tutoria) o 5ua#$ -uru o 4#0o Te"#o)o$i !o#ta" Total Dibaca6 7789The Relationship of Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategy Use to EFL Reading Achievement Test erform +ser 5ati#$6. : Poor 1est The Relationship of Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategy Use to EFLReadingAchievement Test erformanceTheCaseof EnglishTeacher TrainingEd!cational"!ality Ass!rance #nstit!tion $ LM% in Central &avaAbstract Tri Mu)ya#i,;idyais'araLPMP 3a'a Te#$ahe a#d meta2o$#iti>e strate$ies to the (FL @(#$)ish as a 0orei$# )a#$ua$eA readi#$test per0orma#2e< The study emp)oyed both Bua#titati>e a#d Bua)itati>e data a#a)yses< The 2Cparti2ipa#t o0 (#$)ish tea2her trai#i#$ i# LPMP 3a'a Te#$ah too" 19/item, mu)tip)e/2hoi2ereadi#$ 2omprehe#sio# a2hie>eme#t test, 0o))o'ed by a 2o$#iti>eDmeta2o$#iti>eBuestio##aireo#ho'theythou$ht 'hi)e2omp)eti#$thetest< (i$ht o0 thesestude#ts@4hi$h)y su22ess0u) a#d 4 u#su22ess0u)A'ere se)e2ted 0or retrospe2ti>e i#ter>ie's< The resu)tssu$$ested that @1A the use o0 2o$#iti>e a#d meta2o$#iti>e strate$ies had a positi>ere)atio#ship to the readi#$testper0orma#2eEa#d@2A hi$h)y su22ess0u)test/ta"ers reportedsi$#i0i2a#t)y hi$her meta2o$#iti>e strate$y use tha# the moderate)y su22ess0u) o#es 'ho i#tur# reported hi$her use o0 these strate$ies tha# the u#su22ess0u) testta"erser o0 i#0ormatio#, it may be reaso#ab)e toHreser>e? the termmeta2o$#iti>e 0or 2o#s2ious a#dde)iberate thou$hts that ha>e otherthou$hts as their obje2ts @Ha2"er, 188C6 CA< This perspe2ti>e is be#e0e2ia) 0or resear2hpurposes i# that #ot o#)y 2a# meta2o$#iti>e thi#"i#$ be per2ei>ed as pote#tia))y 2o#tro))ab)ebythetest/ta"ers, but it 2a#a)sobe2o#2ei>edas pote#tia))yreportab)e, therebybei#$a22essib)e to the resear2here p)a##i#$ strate$ies @!)u'e, 18C26 212A are those dire2ted at the re$u)atio#s o0the 2ourse o0 their o'# thi#"i#$< They he)p to6I a))o2ate resour2es to the 2urre#t tas"EI determi#e the order o0 steps to be ta"e# to 2omp)ete the tas"E a#dI set the i#te#sity or the speed at 'hi2h o#e shou)d 'or" o# the tas"a)uate theirthi#"i#$ a#d per0orma#2e, so that >eri2atio#s 2a# be made i0 #eeded i# order to per0orm the$i>e# tas"s su22ess0u))y< (>a)uati#$ strate$ies are >ie'ed as part o0 mo#itori#$ strate$ies thatpossess some 2riteria 0or ma"i#$ de2isio#s o# ho' 'e)) they ha>e 2omp)eted, are 2omp)eti#$a#d 'i)) 2omp)ete the tas"s< Meta2o$#iti>e mo#itori#$ strate$ies he)p to @!)u'e, 18C26 212A6I ide#ti0y the tas" o# 'hi2h o#e is 2urre#t)y 'or"i#$EI 2he2" o# the 2urre#t pro$ress o0 that 'or"EI e>a)uate that pro$ressE a#dI predi2t 'hat the out2ome o0 that pro$ress 'i)) bee strate$ies di00er 0rommeta2o$#iti>e strate$ies i# that they are )i"e)y to bee#2apsu)ated 'ithi# a subje2t area @ee strate$ies are the test/ta"ers? o#$oi#$ me#ta)a2ti>itiestouse their)a#$ua$e a#d'or)d "#o')ed$e to so)>ethe $i>e# tas"s< T'o broad2ate$ories o0 )a#$ua$e "#o')ed$e are or$a#izatio#a) "#o')ed$e a#d pra$mati2 "#o')ed$e@see1a2hma#, 1880A< ;or)d"#o')ed$eis $e#era) "#o')ed$esu2has"#o')ed$eaboute2o#omy, busi#ess, po)iti2s, e#>iro#me#t a#d s2ie#2e that may be re)ated to the tas"s< ,)) this"#o')ed$e is )o2ated i# domai#s o0 i#0ormatio# i# memory a>ai)ab)e 0or use bymeta2o$#iti>e strate$ies @1a2hma# a#d Pa)mer, 188:A< Fo$#iti>e strate$ies are, 0or examp)e,ma"i#$predi2tio#, tra#s)ati#$, summarizi#$, )i#"i#$'ithprior"#o')ed$eorexperie#2e,app)yi#$ $rammar ru)es a#d $uessi#$ mea#i#$ 0rom 2o#texts @eea2ti>itiestheye#$a$ei#astheyread< 1ro'#@18C0Ahassho'#si$#i< 2a#texamp)es o0 meta2o$#iti>e strate$ies i#>o)>ed i# readi#$ 2omprehe#sio#6I 2)ari0yi#$ the purposes o0 readi#$EI ide#ti0yi#$ the importa#t aspe2ts o0 a messa$eEI mo#itori#$ o#$oi#$ a2ti>ities to determi#e 'hether 2omprehe#sio# is o22urri#$EI e#$a$i#$ i# se)0/Buestio#i#$ to determi#e 'hether $oa)s are bei#$ a2hie>edE a#dI ta"i#$ 2orre2ti>e a2tio# 'he# 0ai)ures i# 2omprehe#sio# are dete2tede a#d meta2o$#iti>e strate$y Buestio##airebe0ore ta"i#$ a 70/itemsta#dardized )a#$ua$e test< The resu)ts i#di2ate that 2o$#iti>estrate$ies are dire2t)y a#d positi>e)y re)ated to the test per0orma#2e< Meta2o$#iti>e strate$iesha>easi$#i0i2a#t, dire2t, positi>e re)atio#shipto2o$#iti>e strate$ies a#darei#dire2t)yre)atedtothetest per0orma#2e< Meta2o$#iti>estrate$iesexert a#exe2uti>e0u#2tio#o>er2o$#iti>e strate$ies< Purpura poi#ts out that the amou#t o0 e00ort to use these strate$ies seemsto depe#d upo# the )i#$uisti2 abi)ities #eeded to 2omp)ete the tas"se)oo"ed at this re)atio#ship i# a# (FL a2hie>eme#t 2o#text< 4t is i#terested to i#>esti$ate su2ha re)atio#ship be2ause the parti2ipa#ts may be di00ere#t 0rom those i# other pre>ious studiese to say about their o'# strate$y use< 4# the study, tria#$u)atio# 'as a22omp)ished by 2ombi#i#$ the test a#d Buestio##aire data 'ith retrospe2ti>e i#ter>ie' data< The i#ter>ie's 'ere 2arried out to $ather extra i#0ormatio# i# re)atio# to the resear2h Buestio#s< The ad>a#ta$e o0 this 2ombi#atio# is that the resear2her 2a# use the i#ter>ie' data to arri>e atuse0u) exp)a#atio#s 0or some Bua#titati>e 0i#di#$s< 4 Qualitative data resultsThe Bua)itati>e resu)ts demo#strated the 2)ose)y i#tera2ti>e re)atio#ship bet'ee# 2o$#iti>estrate$ies a#d meta2o$#iti>e strate$ies @see Tab)e 2A< Most 2o$#iti>e strate$ies o22urred i#asso2iatio# 'ith meta2o$#iti>e strate$ies< For examp)e, test/ta"ers #eed to be meta2o$#iti>eto use 2o$#iti>e strate$ies su2h as e)aboratio#, i#0ere#2i#$ a#d tra#s0erri#$< Some 2o$#iti>estrate$ies mi$hte>e#per0orm ameta2o$#iti>e 0u#2tio#e< That is, the same strate$y i# o#e o22asio#may be 2o$#iti>e 'hi)e i# a#other o22asio# it may be meta2o$#iti>e< For examp)e, i0 test/ta"ers tra#s)ate a text so that they 2a# memorize the $e#era) idea, tra#s)atio# seems to be a2o$#iti>e strate$y< 40, ho'e>er, they tra#s)ate the same text to ma"e sure that 'hat they ha>eu#derstoodis a22urate, tra#s)atio#seems tobe meta2o$#iti>e rather tha#2o$#iti>e< 4#pre>ious resear2h, the disti#2tio# bet'ee# 2o$#iti>e a#d meta2o$#iti>e strate$ies, thus, maybe a )itt)e too optimisti2, $i>e# that at o#e )e>e), it may be truee a#d 2o$#iti>e strate$ies to readi#$ 2omprehe#sio# a2hie>eme#t 5e)atio#ships to readi#$ testper0orma#2e(xamp)esMeta2o$#iti>e strate$ies a#dFo$#iti>e strate$ies1< 5eadi#$ a passa$e by tra#s)ati#$ it i#to4#do#esia @se)e2ti>e atte#tio# D p)a##i#$ strate$ya#d tra#s)atio# D 2o$#iti>e strate$yA< Tra#s)ati#$asreadi#$@2o$#iti>estrate$yA a#djud$edi0itmade a#y se#se a#d u#dersta#dab)e@2omprehe#sio# mo#itori#$ D mo#itori#$strate$yA2< 5eadi#$ the 'ho)e passa$e @se)e2ti>e atte#tio#D a mo#itori#$ strate$yA a#d at the same time #oti2i#$ 'hether it 'as u#dersta#dab)e by summarizi#$ @summarizatio# D 2o$#iti>e strate$y a#d 2omprehe#sio# mo#itori#$ D mo#itori#$ strate$yAE -oi#$ 0urther to other partso0 the passa$e @per0orma#2e e>a)uatio# D mo#itori#$ strate$yA i0 the text 'as u#dersta#dab)ee strate$y ormo#itori#$ strate$yN or doub)e/2he2"i#$ Dmo#itori#$ strate$y usi#$ exter#a) sta#dards'ith the textAE#a))y se)e2ti#$ the mostsuitab)ea#s'er @e>a)uatio# D mo#itori#$ strate$yA4< 5eadi#$apassa$eBui2")ytodetermi#ethetopi2o0 thepassa$e@summarizi#$D2o$#iti>estrate$y a#d mo#itori#$ strate$yA9< +si#$ prior "#o')ed$e or experie#2e to he)pu#dersta#d the passa$e or test @retrie>a)ore)aboratio# D 2o$#iti>e strate$yA 4t is there0ore )i"e)y that $oa)s o0 usi#$ a strate$y determi#e 'hether a strate$y used is2o$#iti>e or meta2o$#iti>e @see F)a>e)), 1882A< 40 the test/ta"ers reada text to$ai#"#o')ed$e @a 2o$#iti>e $oa)A, they may be usi#$ 2o$#iti>e strate$ies< 40 they read the textbe2ause they'o#der i0 the text has bee#'e)) u#derstood@a meta2o$#iti>e $oa) o0assessi#$ o#e?s "#o')ed$e A, they may be usi#$ meta2o$#iti>e strate$ies< Ho'e>er, this, tosomeexte#t, does#ot ma"ethedisti#2tio#bet'ee#2o$#iti>ea#dmeta2o$#iti>e2)earbe2ause 2o$#iti>e Dmeta2o$#iti>e $oa)s seemto0orma 2o#ti#uum< This ambi$uitysu$$ests a #eed to 0urther i#>esti$ate u#der)yi#$ reaso#s 'hy a parti2u)ar strate$y is used,sothatatheoryo02o$#iti>eDmeta2o$#iti>edisti#2tio#2ou)dberi$orous)yprodu2ede strate$ies 0rom meta2o$#iti>estrate$iesie'ees i# the Bua)itati>edata, the 2)assi0i2atio#s o0 the phases i# 2o$#iti>e a#d meta2o$#iti>e strate$y use D ia)uatio# D mo#itori#$ strate$yAC< 5e2he2"i#$ a)) the a#s'ers i# terms o0 a22ura2y@eiour tha# to the time @Purpura, 1888A< For examp)e,p)a##i#$ te#ds to be re)ati>e)y abstra2t rather tha# 2o#2rete a#d 2omp)ete< ,s the test/ta"ers'or"ed throu$h the tas"s, they mi$ht #eed to update their p)a#s based o# their meta2o$#iti>emo#itori#$ o0 ho' 'e)) their p)a#s 'ere 'or"i#$ a#d 'he# to modi0y su2h p)a#se strate$y use @ee data is 0rom the hi$h)ysu22ess0u) stude#ts @Sari, 0ema)e a#d Lai)y, ma)eA6Mrs.Sari : ;he# 4 re2ei>ed the test, 4 0irst 0)ipped throu$h a)) the pa$es to see 'hi2h partsor se2tio#s 'ere easy or di00i2u)t< 4 2omp)eted the easy o#es 0irst be0oreattempti#$ to 0i#ish the more di0 2u)t o#es be2ause 4 'as #ot 2o#0ide#t that 4'ou)d ha>e e#ou$h time to 2omp)ete them a))ed the test, 4 0irst o>er>ie'ed it< Se2o#d, 4 ide#t0ied'hi2h parts o0 the test 'ere easy a#d 'hi2h parts 'ere di0 2u)t< The#4 started 'ith the most di0 2u)t o#es be2ause 'he# 4 0irst be$a# doi#$the test, my brai# 'as sti)) 0resh or #ot so tired< 40 4 had 0i#ishedthe di00i2u)t o#e, say o#e se2tio#, i0 0ee)i#$ te#se, 4 'ou)d do a# easy parte strate$ies'or"ed best 0or them to 2omp)ete the test tas"s at ha#d< Ho'e>er, it mi$ht be 'orth'hi)e tode2ide 2are0u))y 'hether Sari?s a#d Lai)y?s meta2o$#iti>e strate$y use to 2omp)ete the testthat mi$ht positi>e)yi#ue#2etheir a2hie>eme#t i#thetest shou)dbepart o0 thetest2o#stru2t< Shou)d it be Herror o0 measureme#t?G 40 it 'ere, to 'hat exte#t 2ou)d 'e ma"ei#0ere#2es o# the test/ta"ers? readi#$ abi)ity based o# their test s2oresGFi#a))y, despite the 0a2t that the study did #ot 0o2us o# a00e2t, these Bua)itati>e examp)es2)ear)ysho'that meta2o$#iti>estrate$yuse)i#"eda00e2ti>estates toeasepressureora#xiety a#d there0ore to e#ha#2e the test per0orma#2e< For examp)e, Sari re0ie2ted o# her useo0 meta2o$#iti>e strate$ies be2ause she 'as a'are o0 the time 2o#/strai#t i# the test @H4 'as#ot 2o# de#t < <