Middle East History
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Transcript of Middle East History
Key Events in the Formation of the
Middle East
A. The Decline of the Ottoman Empire
• The sultan (ruler) governed the empire through the Millet (religious group) system
• WWI = end of the Ottoman Empire
Using the metaphor of a house, describe the Middle East under the Ottoman Empire.
B. The World War I Peace Agreement• Treaty of Versailles
• Sykes – Picot Agreement
• Mandate ≠ Millet
• Middle East spilt between France and Britain
C. Rise of Arab Nationalism• In 1924 the caliph (leader of Islam) was removed
• Arab nationalism grew
D. The Partition of Palestine• Zionism – the movement to create a Jewish country in Palestine
• Balfour Declaration
• Israel created in 1947 by the United Nations
E.The Partition of Syria and Lebanon• The French Syria split into 4 provinces. Lebanon was created.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_UN_Partition_Plan
F. The Formation of Iraq and Kuwait• Iraq gained independence from Britain in 1930
• Kuwait, for trade reasons, remained under British control until 1961