Micro Turbine Testing Program

8/14/2019 Micro Turbine Testing Program

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SCE Microturbine Generator (MTG)

Testing ProgramGoal & Objectives:

Goal: determine the performance, reliability, operability,availability, maintainability, and overall characteristics of commercially available MTGs.Objectives: compare MTGs actual performance toperformance specifications and industry/other standards,such as emissions.

Accomplishments: $3.0 million program in progress since 1996 12 MTGs tested or in test Two to four more MTGs expected for testing Completed machine performance tests on 8 MTGs

Completed initial electrical behavior testing Over 44,000 hours of testing Implemented live browser enabling technology

DOE Program Manager: Debbie HaughtSCE Program Manager: Stephanie Hamilton


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SCEs MTG ProgramGoal & Objectives:

Goal: determine the performance, reliability, operability, availability,maintainability, and overall characteristics of commercially available MTGs.

Objectives: compare MTGs actual performance to performancespecifications and industry/other standards, such as emissions.

Collaborations: DOE, CERTS, EPRI, CEC, CERA, UCI, Connected Energy,GE, SNL, ORNL, MTG mfgrs.

Accomplishments: $3.0+ million program in progress since 1996; results have driven

improvements to MTGs and program builds public awareness 12 MTGs tested or in test; two to four more MTGs expected for testing Over 48,000 hours of testing

Completed machine performance tests on eight MTGs Completed initial electrical behavior testing Numerous site tours, presentations, papers


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SCE MTG Test Bed at University of California at Irvine (UCI)

4 test bays 400 amp 480 volt service 100 psig natural gas with ability

to blend for lower Btu testing Cogen heat dissipation ability 80 kW load banks for stand

alone and micro grid testing Electronic data acquisition and

instrumentation for gas & electric Veteran two-person testing crew Standardized testing procedures Ability to do specialized/custom

testing


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Desirable Attributes vs. Test Parameters ATTRIBUTES

Heat rate 12,000 to 16,000BTU/kWh

Good Part Load Performance

Emissions < 9 ppm Power Quality < IEEE 519 Noise < 70 dBa Endurance = 40,000 hours Installation = Easy & Cheap

TEST PARAMETERS Overall unit efficiency Net Power Output Emissions Power Quality Noise Endurance

Ease of Installation Operability Maintainability


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Capstone 30 kW DescriptionModel 330 rated output: 30 kW at ISO480 VAC, 3-phase, 60 Hz

Recuperated single stage radial flowcompressor and turbine on a singleshaft, integrated with generator Equipped with a low NOx combustor Not equipped with a waste heatrecovery boiler Fourth generation unit

One unit only capable of grid connectOne unit capable of stand alone andgrid connect operation


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Capstone 28 kW ResultsSeveral overspeed trips were resulting from flame control

algorithm; Capstone remotely downloaded revised controlsystem software; no overspeed trips since software revisedReliable operation following resolution of overspeed

Comparing manufacturers efficiency and heat rate claimswith test results converted to a common basis, resulted intesting results consistent with claims as shown below@ 70F, about sea level, and LHV:

(tested) (claimed)

Efficiency 23.7% 0.45% 24.5% 0.5%

Heat rate 14,415 BTU/kWh 13,931 BTU/kWh


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Capstone 28 kW ResultsTotal Harmonic Distortion (THD) requirements specified by IEEE519 were met: Voltage THD: 1.6% measured average < 5% IEEE 519

Current THD: 5.87% measured average < 8% IEEE 519Noise measurement taken at 2m due to site conditions, e.g.obstructions and site compressor noise. Noise measured 70 dBA @ 2m, consistent with manufacturers claim, 65 dBA, 10m.Emissions test results met SCAQMD requirements:

M anufacturer Claim SCAQM D Standard(Rule 1303 )

Test Resu lts

NOx: < 9ppm

(0.023 lb/hr)

NOx: 0.2 lb/hr 0.0031 lb/hr

No Claim CO: 11.0 lb/hr 0.11 lb/hr


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Grid Impact Testing

Uncovers problems potentially hinderinggrid interconnection of DG Testing needed to determine:

Power quality Protection/ anti-islanding issues

Interconnection standards/rules Dynamic behavior so simulation modelscan be built


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Capstone Voltage & Current Waveforms

Voltage Waveform Snapshot Current Waveform Snapshot

Phase A Voltage - THD 1.6% Phase A Current - THD 7.33%Phase B Voltage - THD 1.6% Phase B Current - THD 6.98%Phase C Voltage - THD 1.6% Phase C Current - THD 5.64%

50.0A

0.0A

-50.0A

450.0V

0.0V

-450.0V

833.33 us/div0sec 16.67ms

Snapshot WaveformModel 7100

06/22/99 01:20:51:190 PM

Three Phase Wye

1V

2V

3V

50.0A

0.0A

-50.0A

450.0V

0.0V

-450.0V

833.33 us/div0sec 16.67ms

Snapshot WaveformModel 7100

06/22/99 01:20:51:190 PM

Three Phase Wye

1A

2A

3A


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Dynamic Testing Tests to observe the behavior of MTGs when

interconnected with the utility grid Tests conducted at the SCE test bed Power ramping tests in both grid-connected and

stand-alone modes (slow dynamics) SCE working with ORNL, SNL and GE to define

additional testing to obtain data for fast dynamicmodels

Data helps build models to simulate operation of the MTGs in a distribution system


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Capstone Grid Connect Tests

Capstone 30 kW MTG

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Honeywell 75 kW DescriptionParallon TM 75 kW at ISO

275 AC with Honeywell transformer option added to boost to 480 VAC, 3-phase, 60 Hz at siteRecuperated single stage radial flowcompressor and turbine on a singleshaft, integrated with generator Not equipped with a heat recoveryboiler option is availableGrid parallel or stand-alone operationInternal gas compressor


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Summary of Testing Results: 03/07/02

(continued) 2000 Capstone high pressure units DPC upgraded and replaced resulting

in higher power output and increased efficiency Began testing low pressure Capstone and Honeywell

2001 Initial results for Capstone both LP and upgraded HP

Honeywell results Performed electrical characterization on Capstones and Honeywell Began testing Bowman Elliot returned to UCI test site and testing to resume

2002 Begin testing of Ingersoll-Rand (I-R) Seek other MTGS, such as Capstone 60 kW, Turbec 100 kW CHP

Test new models from Bowman & I-R Finalize results for Capstones and Bowman


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Future testing -- Elliott 80 kW

Elliott 80 kW at ISO480 VAC, 3-phase, 60 HzRecuperated single stageradial flow compressor and

turbine on a single shaft,integrated with generator Not equipped with a heatrecovery boiler option isavailableGrid parallel or stand-aloneoperation


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Future testing -- Ingersoll-Rand 70 kW

Ingersoll-Rand 70 kW at ISO480 VAC, 3-phase, 60 HzA dual shaft recuperated MTG:

A radial flow compressor andgasifier turbine on one shaftA radial flow power turbine on theother shaftThe power turbine drives thereduction gear and inductiongenerator for grid parallel-only

operationHeat recovery boiler optionavailableInternal gas compressor


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Future Testing - Capstone 60 kWDescription

Capstone 60 kW at ISO480 VAC, 3-phase, 60 HzRecuperated single stageradial flow compressor and

turbine on a single shaft,integrated with generator Not equipped with a heatrecovery boiler option isavailableGrid parallel or stand-aloneoperation


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CapstoneLP

3030CS

BTU

CapstoneHP Bowman

Site installation

Elliott(when

available)

Blue lines = installed Wiring

Aggregated connectionsto MTGs. Typicallymounted inside controlpanel. Centralized dueto migration of MTG

Equipment.

Router to Internet. Provides VPNand local IP addresses for equipment

2020


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3030 box at SCE MTG TestBed

CapstoneLP

3030CS

BTU

CapstoneHP Bowman

Site installation

Elliott(when

available)

Blue lines = installed Wiring

Aggregated connectionsto MTGs. Typicallymounted inside controlpanel. Centralized dueto migration of MTGEquipment.

Router to Internet. Provides VPNand local IP addresses for equipmen

2020


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Micro Turbine Testing Program

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