Wind Turbine Testing Powerpoint

7/31/2019 Wind Turbine Testing Powerpoint

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Testing of Wind Turbines

S.A.MathewUnit Head-Testing

Centre for Wind Energy Technology,Chennai


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Requirement of TestingBenefits of Testing

Overview of testing

Power performance Testing

Load measurements

Yaw Efficiency

Safety and Function Testing

Instrumentation

Wind Turbine Testing


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Calculations

Prototype

Load measurements, Power Curvemeasurements, Safety and Function Test,

Yaw Efficiency and Power Quality

Difference betweencalculated andmeasured loads

Adjust Aeroelastic model

Turbine forcertificationprocess

Designassumptionsas perstandard

CommercialProduction

Performance measurementsUser specified measurements

Requirement of Testing Concept


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Design Design house

Manufacturer

Performance Design house

Safety Manufacturer

Type Certification Investor

Policy makers

Benefits of Testing

Measurements


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Wind Turbine Test Station, Kayathar

Located around 650 Kms from Chennai towards South.

Winds predominantly from the western direction

Site conforms to the recommendations of IEC standards regarding obstacles, terrain and wind

Two test beds with necessary infrastructure to test wind turbine capacities upto 400 kW and 1250 kWavailable and can be upgraded as per the requirements of customers

Services accredited as per the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025:2005

Wind Rose at WTTS


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Overview of Testing International Standards

Power PerformanceTesting

Safety andFunctionTesting

Load Measurements

Yaw Efficiency

IEC-61400-12-1

IEC-61400-1

IEC TS -61400-13

IEC TS-61400-13

IEC-61400-1

IECTS-61400-13

Descriptionof thewind turbine

Information of theControl panel

-Current Transformers-Status relays for grid and brake-Pitch signals-Rotor Speed-Active, Reactive and frequencytransducers

Information required forLoad calibration

-Blade Certificates-Rotor weights withC.G of rotor-Engineering drawingsof rotor,tower and shaft-Information on the loads thatcan be pulled at specificdistances from the root

-Information regarding the yaw system-General layout of the nacelle for the installationof the high speed ,low speed sensors and cabling.-Engineering drawings for placement of straingages on the rotor,blades,shaft and the tower-Availability of slip rings for signals from therotating parts

StructuralTesting ofRotorBlades

IEC-61400-23

Power QualityMeasurements

IEC-61400-21

NoiseMeasurements

IEC-61400-11

Accredited

services


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Power Performance measurements

Demonstrates the capability of a wind turbine to produce electricalpower at different wind speeds

Power Performance measurements IEC 61400-12-1

Wind Speed [m/s]

Power[kW]


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InterfacePanel

UPS/Power System

ControlPanel

Wind Speed at two

levels,

Wind Direction,

RH, Temp & Pressure

Signal and

Supply line

Signal and Supply line

Signal and Supply line

Active,ReactivePower,Frequency andStatus signals

Rotor SpeedPitch Signals

Power Performance measurements Overview of measurement setup


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Evaluation of the site and Selection of the site

Locating the wind mast.

Defining a suitable measurement sector after themapping of terrain and obstacles in the predominantwind direction.

Establishing proper flow distortion correctionfactors in terrains of complex nature.

Selection and Installation of test Equipment.

Data Acquisition and analysis.

Data Reporting. Uncertainty Calculations.

Power Performance measurements Methodology


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0.1 0.5445

0.2 0.576

0.3 0.5915

0.4 0.588

0.5 0.5625

0.6 0.512

0.7 0.4335

0.8 0.324

0.9 0.1805

Power Performance measurements

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Binned Power Curve


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Load measurements IEC TS 61400-13

Environmental

Electrical

Conditions Affects

Wind turbine lifeSafetyReliabilityOther environmental

Wind

Electrical network

Normal

Extreme

Recurring

Rare

Design loads

Criticalcombinations

DLCSIEC 61400-1

MLCSIEC TS 61400-13

GravitationalInertialAerodynamicActuationOther loads-Wake,impact,iceetc

Aero elastic modelscodes

ShortcomingsUncertainties

Validation bymeasurements

Steady state

Transient

MLCS defined in relationwith DLCS

All DLCS not verifiable


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Load measurements IEC TS 61400-13


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IEC TS 61400-13Load measurements


15/30Load measurements Overview

Meteorological

parameters

Loads

Otherparameters


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Selection of places in the wind turbine to measure loads

Strain gaging and instrumentation

Calibration

Measurement and Analysis of data

Load measurementsTechniques


17/30Load measurements Special Techniques

Load Calibration Rain flow counting

Application of known loads

Using information of blade, rotor

nacelle weights and COG

Zeroing of loads by slow

rotation of the rotor

measurementBefore After

Measurements are

configured properlyBraking test

Measurements are reasonableand comparable

Load ranges versus No of cycles

Equivalent load-short handdescription of the fatigue

impact in a givenmeasurement time history

Weighted Equivalent load-

Weighting the transient andsteady state occurrences


18/30Load measurements Braking Test


19/30Yaw Efficiency IEC 61400-1,IEC TS 61400-13

The yaw efficiency test indicates the capability of the windturbine to follow the wind

Difference between the wind directionand the yaw position

Design considerations-Requirementsfor test

Affectsof higheryawerror

Reduction inElectrical power

Increase inmechanical loads

DLC 6.1-yaw misalignment of up to 15 using thesteady extreme wind model or a mean yawmisalignment of 8 using the turbulent extremewind model

DLC 6.2-effect of wind direction change of 180shall be analysed

DLC 6.3- 6.1-yaw misalignment of up to 30using the steady extreme wind model or a meanyaw misalignment of 20 using the turbulentextreme wind model

Measurement possible under operatingconditions

Measurement possible under operatingconditions


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Yaw Efficiency IEC 61400-1,IEC TS 61400-13


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Function Tests

Safety and Function Testing IEC 61400-1,IEC TS 61400-13

Start upNormal stop TestEmergency stop TestVibration TestYawingCable Twist

Normal stop TestEmergency stop TestGrid failure without simulation of errors in braking systemGrid failure simulation of error in one independent braking systemGrid failure simulation of error in second independent braking systemRotor Over speedGenerator over speed

Cut in current measurement

Protection tests


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Safety and Function Testing IEC 61400-1,IEC TS 61400-13


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Cabletwist

FunctionTest

IEC 61400-1,IEC TS 61400-13Safety and Function Testing


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NormalStart

P

rotection


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NormalSto

p

Protection

IEC 61400-1,IEC TS 61400-13


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Emergency

Stop

Protection

IEC 61400-1,IEC TS 61400-13


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OverSpeed

Protection



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Instrumentation

Accuracy

Range

Compatibility of sensors with Data AcquisitionEquipment

Installation

Proper mounting TechniquesTrained manpower

ConceptsInstrumentation


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You can reach me @Telephone:044 2246 3992

[email protected]

Wind Turbine Testing Powerpoint

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