Michael Hall David Lasby October 24, 2007 Using a Social Economy Framework for Understanding the...
Transcript of Michael Hall David Lasby October 24, 2007 Using a Social Economy Framework for Understanding the...
Michael HallDavid Lasby
October 24, 2007
Using a Social Economy Framework for Understanding the Economic Impact of
Community Organizations
Measuring Community
• Nonprofit framework typically excludes co-operatives and the inclusion of hospitals and universities is a “grey area”
• Social Economy: broad definitions include all nonprofits and cooperatives; narrower definitions may focus on those nonprofits that engage in market activity (e.g., PRI 2005 excludes foundations, religious organizations and business associations)
• How do measures of size and scope vary according to the framework that is employed?
Information Sources
• 2003 National Survey of Nonprofits and Voluntary Organizations (Ontario data) -
– Financial data adjusted for inflation
• 2007 survey of Ontario co-operatives conducted by On Co-op
Community Nonprofit Organizations in Canada: A Significant Economic Force
• Core nonprofit sector (excluding hospitals, universities and colleges) accounts for 2.6% of GDP or $29.1 billion
• Volunteering contributes additional 1.7% to GDP (1997 estimates)
• 1.5 million full-time equivalent workers (paid and volunteers)
– 9.2% of economically active population
• Broader nonprofit sector including hospitals, colleges and universities adds $80.3 billion
The Contributions of Cooperatives to the Social Economy in Ontario
• Relatively small in number– Approximately 1,300 co-operatives in Ontario vs. 45,000
nonprofits or about 3% of total number of organizations
• Significant contribution to revenues– $6 billion vs. $51.8 for nonprofits or about 10% of total revenues
for social economy
• Relatively small paid staff contribution– 18,000 vs. 959,000 for nonprofits or about 2% of social economy
employment
• Relatively small volunteer contribution– Volunteer complement of 49,000 vs. 7.8 million for nonprofits
Relative Contributions to Social Economy
55.2%61.1%
96.4%34.3%
37.0%
3.0%
4.7%
5.7%
96.3%
0.9%
0.6%0.9%2.3%0.0%1.0%0.5%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
100.0%
Number Revenues Paid Staff Volunteers
Financial CoopsNon-Financial CoopsHUC'sCore NP Sector
Distribution by Organization Type: Nonprofits
1%1%
2%2%
3%5%5%
8%9%
11%12%
16%23%
2%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
OtherInternational
Hospitals, Universities & CollegesEnvironment
Law, Advocacy & PoliticsHealth
Business / Professional Assoc. & UnionsEducation & Research
Arts & CultureDevelopment & Housing
Social ServicesGrantmaking, Fundraising & Volunteerism
Sports & RecreationReligion
% Nonprofit Organizations
Distribution by Organization Type: Co-operatives
1%1%1%1%
2%2%2%
6%17%17%
45%
5%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Other
Food
Communications
Transportation
Federation or Association
Energy
Retail
Community Development
Agriculture
Child care
Financial
Housing
% Co-operatives
Distribution by Organization Type: Nonprofits and Co-operatives
2%2%2%
5%5%
7%9%
11%12%
16%22%
1%1%
2% 0.5%
0.5%1.8%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
OtherInternational
Hospitals, Universities & CollegesEnvironment
Law, Advocacy & PoliticsHealth
Business / Professional Assoc. & UnionsEducation & Research
Arts & CultureDevelopment & Housing
Social ServicesGrantmaking, Fundraising &
Sports & RecreationReligion
Nonprofits Co-operatives
Distribution by Annual Revenues
21%
16%
10%8% 9%
2%
10%
19%
6%
13%
27%
21%
34%
4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
<$30.0K $30K -$99.9K
$100K -$249.9K
$250K -$499.9K
$500K -$999.9K
$1M -$9.9M
>=$10M
Nonprofits Co-ops
Distribution by Paid Staff Size
27%
7% 6%4% 3%
22%
55%
9%6% 6%
2%
53%
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
No paid staff 1 to 4 5 to 9 10 to 24 25 to 99 100+
Nonprofits Co-operatives
Conclusions
• Choice of conceptual framework can substantially affect estimates of size and scope of community organizations in Ontario
• Inclusion of “core nonprofits” will dramatically increase estimates of revenues, paid staff and volunteers
• Inclusion of HUC’s substantially increase estimates of revenues and paid staff
• Inclusion of co-operatives moderately increase estimates of revenues and some estimates of area of activity
• There are appear to be differences in the resources that cooperatives and nonprofits rely upon for their operations