Metrologia of the of the - · PDF fileTitle of the doctoral program Metrologia Title of the...
Transcript of Metrologia of the of the - · PDF fileTitle of the doctoral program Metrologia Title of the...
Title of the doctoral program
Metrologia
Title of the research activity
Applied rock magnetic techniques for cultural heritage, environment, and healthcare
Short description of the research activity Rock magnetic techniques have many possible applications, although they traditionally lye within geophysics and
archaeology and relate to the magnetic study of materials collected from geological and archaeological sites for
geomagnetic studies and dating. The transfer of the same techniques to the field of cultural heritage, for example, has
been almost straightforward in the last decades, as the possible use of magnetic measurements for archaeomagnetic
studies encompass dating, investigation of ancient technology (e.g. for ceramics production), prospection of
archaeological sites and provenance studies of lithic (obsidian, chert and flint, silcrete) and ceramic tools.Furthermore,
the same measurement techniques have been recently devised to study also environmental phenomena of the past,
including climate variations due to atmospheric composition change, along with environmental pollution currently
taking course, e.g. due to particulate powders, in the atmosphere of the crowded towns of industrialised countries, or
to metallic contamination in the soil due to industrial wastes. In some cases, the same techniques can find application
for healthcare purposes, as for studying invasive hyperthermia (through inoculation of ferrimagnetic fluids locally
excited by RF) applied in cancer therapy to (hopefully) reduce or blockade potentially lethal disease advancement.
As well, the proposed program will relate with present advancements of the basics of magnetism related to micro‐
and nano‐structured substances, and ensue the description of their different properties and ferromagnetic
phenomena by accurate characterization and measurement of their ferromagnetic behavior in a broad band of
frequencies, from DC to the GHz.
Current activities at INRIM Nanoscience and materialsdivision, including cooperation with INRIM Quality of life
division, and CIMaN Laboratories (Peveragno), deal with:
1) reconstruction of the archaeomagnetic secular variation curve for Italy in the last 2000 years – with Soprintendenza
per ibeniarcheologici del Piemonte e del museoantichitàegizie;
2) study of ancient Egyptian red pigmentsmagnetic properties – with Centro Conservazione e Restauro di
VenariaReale;
3) study of the electric and magnetic features of black, yellow, white, and red dyes used for tattoos and their possible
effect during diagnostic and/or therapeutic treatment using EM waves;
4) study of nucleation and growth processes in nanostructured magnetic impurities evolved during geological eras in
South African diamonds – with University of Pavia.
References:
Jeffrey L. Eighmy, Robert S. Sternberg, Archaeomagnetic Dating (1990) David J. Dunlop, Özden Özdemir,Rock Magnetism (1997) Michael E. Evans, Friedrich Heller,Environmental Magnetism (2003) Roberto Lanza, Antonio Meloni, The Earth's Magnetism (2008)
Scientific tutor (EnzoFerrara, Research Scientist at INRIM, [email protected])
Enzo Ferrara, researcher (III level) with a permanent position at the Italian National Institute of Metrology (INRIM),
Department of Nanoscience and Materials, Strada delle Cacce, 19 – 10135 Torino (Italy).
Research activities at INRIM have mainly dealt with experimental work in materials science and metrology.In the last
years, studies were devoted also to issues of archaeomagnetism through rock magnetic techniques – including lessons
ofArchaeomagnetism and archaeomagnetic dating (24 hours/year, since 2004) at the University of Turin, course
“Materials Science for Cultural Heritage”, Secondary Degree (LaureaMagistrale) and tutoring experimental thesis for
the same course – as well as to editorial publishing and writing about environmental issues, healthcare, and education
in science.
The proposed tutoris author of some 150 scientific papers in English, while many of his other publications and essays
(and two books, A lezione da Darwin 2009;L’umanità di unoscienziato 2011 – Edizionidell’asino, Roma) on socio‐
cultural issues are available in Italian on the Internet and on Italian magazines.
Scientific sector (Settore Scientifico Disciplinare – SSD) GEO/11, 09/E4 ‐ ING‐INF/07, FIS/07 Number of international‐review papers (last 5 years): 44 Total number of citations and source: 628, Google Scholar h‐index and source: 13, Google Scholar1.
Type of research activity
Theoretical and experimental investigation of the magnetic properties of micro‐ and nano‐ structured
materials; metrological assessment of the standard methods applied to determine the residual magnetic
properties in different materials (soil, clay, pottery, pigments, mortars, colloids ...).
Theory of First Order Return Curves – FORC, to investigate the phenomenology and magnetic properties of
mixed ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, diamagnetic minerals, including natural oxides and hydroxides of iron:
magnetite, hematite, maghemite, goethite, titan‐hematite, titan‐magnetite.
Theoretical assessment of rock magnetic techniques applied to study magnetization processes ensuing
phenomena of NRM (natural remanent magnetization), TRM (thermal remanent magnetization), VRM
(viscous remanent magnetization), IRM (isothermal magnetization), CRM (chemical remanent
magnetization), DRM (Detrital remanent magnetization) in particular exploiting Thellier rules for TRM
(additivity, reciprocity, independence) and NRM‐TRM diagrams to attain intensity of the ancient Earth
Magnetic Field.
On site applications of archaeomagnetic dating technique, including the whole measurement procedure
(sampling, laboratory preparation, setup of instrumental apparatuses), in the case of archaeological survey
required for dating, for prospectionusing magnetic‐probe technologies, or tore construct ancient ceramic
production technologies.
Site of activity INRIM Division of Nanosciences and Materials – Stradadelle Cacce, 91
The applicant must consider to include in his expertize during doctoral thesis, theoretical and experimental
studies of micro‐magnetism to be developed mainly at the laboratories of magnetic measurements INRIM
(Turin) – e.g. DC and AC hysteresis curves, HF characterization by fluxmetric techniques, RF characterization
by Transmission Line. Frequent visits in Peveragno – CN have to be included also to integrate previously
attained conventional results at INRIM with anhysteretic investigation by spin magnetometers JR5 and JR6,
cryogenic squid magnetometer 2G, KLY‐3‐bridge susceptometer, flux gate magnetometers, thermal
demagnetizer furnaces, AC demagnetizer D‐2000 etc … available at CIMaN laboratories.
Active collaboration on the proposed research activity
Interuniversity Center of Natural Magnetism –CIMaN (Peveragno – CN), actually constituted by the Universities of Torino, Milano Statale, Roma Tre, Urbino Carlo Bo, Chieti‐Pescara and Parma Specific requirements (experiences, skills) Interdisciplinary interests would be useful to integrate results obtained by accurate magnetic measurement
and investigation of the properties of micro‐ and nano‐structured substances with knowledge arising from
very different disciplinary fields, as materials sciences, geophysics, archaeology, and environmental and
health care.
Website of the research group (if any)
https://www.inrim.it/ricerca‐sviluppo/dal‐macro‐al‐nanomondo
https://sites.google.com/site/paleomagnetismlab/home
1N.B.: The author of this proposal considers the information on h‐index as irrelevant and misleading in judging the attitude of a project for any kind of support.