Methodology and quality assurance
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Transcript of Methodology and quality assurance
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Methodology and quality assurance
Sample objective: 800 enumeration areas, 10 interviews per EA – 8,000 interviews
Sample achieved: 7,987 interviews
Response rate: 99.8%
▪ 6,800 Mainland interviews; 1,187 Zanzibar interviews
▪ Data weighted and validated by NBS
Weighted data represents:▪ population16 years or older – 24.2 m (21.2m in 2009)▪ population18 years or older – 23.2m (20.0 m in 2009)
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Population 16 years or older demographics
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FinScope objectives addressed by the topline findings
▪ Levels of access to and use of financial services
▪ Describe the landscape of access
▪ Barriers to financial access
▪ Assess trends/change over time
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BoT Target 50% formal financial access by 2016
(National Financial Inclusion Framework)
▪ Is this realistic?
▪ How have we progressed since 2009?
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Key participants in FinScope Tanzania 2013
Steering CommitteeStakeholders from public and private sectors
Technical CommitteeBoT, NBS, Ipsos, Technical Advisor, FinScope Coordinator, FSDT
NBS – sampling and quality assuranceIpsos Tanzania – implemented the surveyDevelopment Pioneer Consultants – FinScope CoordinatorYakini Development Consulting – Technical Advisor
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Definitions of financial inclusion & exclusion
Financially included
Individuals 16 years or older who have/use financial products/services to manage their financial lives
Financiallyexcluded
Individuals 16 years or older who use NO financial mechanisms - rely only on themselves/family/friends for saving, borrowing and remitting; their transactions are cash-based or in-kind
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Definitions of inclusion
Formally included
Individuals 16 years or older who have/use financial products/ services provided by a financial service provider that is regulated or officially supervised
Informally included
Individuals 16 years or older who use financial mechanisms not provided by a regulated or supervised financial institution
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Change in access strand definitions 2009-2013
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Access strand 2009 – 2013
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Access strand 2009 – 2013
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Access strand: Mainland and Zanzibar compared
Zanzibar shows less uptake both in terms of bank and non-bank formal products – adults more likely to be excluded
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Access strand by education level 2009 - 2013
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Urban-rural: 2009 - 2013
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Gender: 2009 - 2013
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Age categories: 2009 - 2013
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Main sources of money
Only 2% of formally employed are excluded; farmers most likely to be excluded or to rely on informal mechanisms only
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Growth in banking and non-banking sectors
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Non-bank formal sector use
Growth in non-bank formal sector driven by increased uptake of and mobile money and insurance
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11.9 m users of mobile money - what are they using it for?
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Informal financial service use
Informal borrowing increased; informal remittances decreased
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Role of different sectors in the financial system
Banking
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Role of different sectors in the financial system
Informal sector the most likely credit provider
Informal
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Role of different sectors in the financial system
Non-bank formal
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The row of different sectors in the financial system
Banking
Informal sector the most likely credit provider
Non-bank formal
Informal
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Overlaps in use
Only 100,000 use banks exclusively
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Savings behaviour
51.7% adults (59.9% of savers, 12.5 m) save for ‘living expenses’
Most adults (39%) regard SAVING as “putting money somewhere to stop you from spending it immediately”, rather than as a means of accumulating wealth.
Quick access to money drives choice of savings mechanism (most important driver of choice for 64.9% of claimed savers)
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Borrowing behaviour
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Regions with highest levels of financial inclusion
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Regions with highest levels of financial exclusion
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Cross-country comparisons: access strands (Ranked by level of formal inclusion)
Tanzania access strand adjusted to show 18+ for consistency
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Main barriers to uptakeBanking Mobile money
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Insurance products Credit products
Savings products – main barrierInsufficient money to cover expenses and still able to put some money away
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Key findings
▪ Significant decrease in EXCLUSION ▪ 11.7m drops to 6.6 m adults financially excluded
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Key findings
▪ Significant decrease in EXCLUSION ▪ 11.7m drops to 6.6 m adults financially excluded
▪ Usage of mobile money significantly changes landscape of access
▪ More than half the adult population formally served▪ Mobile money mostly used for remittance
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Key findings
▪ Significant decrease in EXCLUSION ▪ 11.7m drops to 6.6 m adults financially excluded
▪ Usage of mobile money significantly changes landscape of access
▪ More than half the adult population formally served▪ Mobile money mostly used for remittance
▪ Significant increase in uptake of banking products ▪ Lagging behind in terms of % adults banked
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Key findings
▪ Significant decrease in EXCLUSION ▪ 11.7m drops to 6.6 m adults financially excluded
▪ Usage of mobile money significantly changes landscape of access
▪ More than half the adult population formally served▪ Mobile money mostly used for remittance
▪ Significant increase in uptake of banking products ▪ Lagging behind in terms of % adults banked
▪ Significant increase in uptake of health insurance
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Key findings
▪ Significant decrease in EXCLUSION ▪ 11.7m drops to 6.6 m adults financially excluded
▪ Usage of mobile money significantly changes landscape of access
▪ More than half the adult population formally served▪ Mobile money mostly used for remittance
▪ Significant increase in uptake of banking products ▪ Lagging behind in terms of % adults banked
▪ Significant increase in uptake of health insurance
▪ Informal sector = Credit provider
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THANK YOU
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Getting more out of FinScope 2013Dissemination plan includes…
Tailored analyses and presentationsGovernment (incl regional), private sector financial, NGO sector
Newspaper articles and editorialsThe Citizen, Mwananchi,Guardian, Nipashe, Daily News, Habari Leo, Zanzibar Leo
TV discussion and news programmesKipima Joto, MADA, Hoja la Leo, Malumbano ya Hoja, TBC Morning Show and
Tuambie, Star TV Jarida Maridhawa, ZBC TV
Radio discussion and news programmesEast Africa Radio Breakfast Show and Supermix, Clouds FM Power Breakfast, ZBC
FM, Coconut FM, Zenji FM
Social media – Twitter and FacebookWebsite and blog
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Analysis framework
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Comparing with Kenya – focus on the effect of mobile money