Metabolism Transformations and Interactions Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson...

Metabolism

Transformations and Interactions

Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson LearningCopyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

What happens to all these nutrients?

• Your body cells derive two things from your food– Energy

• To help you move, think, breath etc

– Nutrients • Nutrients to grow (in children), to replace broken

down cells, to repair etc

Metabolism• Photosynthesis

• Fuel

• Metabolism


Photosynthesis: Light energy is converted by plants to chemical energy

Respiration: Chemical energy stored in plants is converted by animals into new forms of chemical energy, mechanical energy, electrical energy and heat energy

• Metabolism = Anabolism + Catabolism

Breakdown/ HydrolysisProteins to Amino Acids, Starch to Glucose

Synthesis/CondensationAmino Acids to Proteins, Glucose to Starch

Yin & Yang of Metabolism

Metabolism = Anabolism + Catabolism

Chemical Reactions


Adenosine Triphosphate


Chemical Reactions• Coupled reactions



A Typical Cell

Chemical Reactions• Helpers in reactions

– Enzymes•Cofactors

–Coenzymes


Nutrients for Energy


Nutrients for Energy• Glycolysis

• Pyruvate acetyl CoA

• TCA cycle

• Electron transport chain


Example of Redox Equations

http://faculty.evansville.edu/md7/bact02/metabolism%20copy/metabolism_files/metabolism.ppt#17

Examples

• ATP ADP + P – Oxidation, release energy

• ADP + P ATP– Reduction, stores energy

• NAD + H NADH

• FAD + H2 FADH2


Glycolysis: Glucose-to-Pyruvate

Glucose• The fate of pyruvate

– Anaerobic vs. aerobic pathways



– Anaerobic•Pyruvate-to-lactic acid

–Cori cycle



Pyruvate-to-Lactic Acid (Anaerobic)


– Aerobic•Pyruvate-to-acetyl CoA


Metabolism Transformations and Interactions Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson...

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