Mendelian genetics and heredity
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Transcript of Mendelian genetics and heredity
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Mendelian genetics and heredity
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Chromosomes, genes and alleles
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Definitions Genotype Phenotype Genes Locus Alleles Dominant/recessive/codominant Homozygous/heterozygous Test cross
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Monohybrid crosses A red flower is crossed
with another red flower. Some of the offspring are white. What does this mean?
A. One flower cheated on the other
B. The white flower is a mutant
C. It´s not possible D. Something else
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Practice questions Tongue rolling (T) is dominant over non-tongue rollling (t). A heterozygous male crosses with a homozygous recessive female. They have four children. What ratio of phenotypes do you expect in their children?
Show your working using Punnet grids.
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Practice question 1. Pea plants have two phenotypes, short leaves
and long leaves. Long leaves are the dominant trait and short leaves the recessive trait.
Assuming that D is the allele for dominant and d is the allele for recessive write the possible genotypes for a plant with long leaves and a plant with short leaves plant.
Using a Punnet grid establish the offspring of the plants produced by the next combinations, Dd X dd , DD X Dd ,
DD X dd , dd X dd. Write the genotypes for each offspring and the phenotype ratio.
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BLOOD TYPES
Blood type is an example of a gene which can de CODOMINANT.
This means that two alleles can be equally strong –so when we caary one of each we get a mixed phenotype:BOTH ALLELES ARE EXPRESSED.
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How is blood type inherited?
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Sex chromosomes and gender
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Sex chromosomes and gender
XX XY
X X X Y
XX XX XY XY
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