Medical Robots - Arbeitsbereich Technische Aspekte ...tams- · Table of contents (2) 5. Robotic...

Medical RobotsProseminar

Alexander Brömmer18.01.2010

1Samstag, 16. Januar 2010

Table of contents (1)

1. Definitions

2. History

3. Robots in Healthcare Education

3.1. S3101 HAL

4. Nursing Robots

4.1. RIBA



5. Robotic surgery

5.1. Robodoc

5.2. Cyberknife

5.3. da Vinci

5.4. Limitations of Surgery Robots



6. Other robots in hospitals

6.1. RP7

7. Conclusion

8. Discussion


1. Definition

Medicine•the science or practice of the treatment and prevention of disease.

•a drug or other preparation taken by mouth in order to treat or prevent disease.(Oxford English Dictionary)

RobotA robot is a mechanical or virtual, artificial agent. It is usually an electromechanical system, which, by its appearance or movements, conveys a sense that it has intent or agency of its own.(Alliance for Telecommunications Solutions)


1. Definition

Medical Robots:

A medical robot is a mechanical or virtual, artificial agent used in the treatment and prevention of disease.


2. History

• In 1985 a robot was first used to place a needle for a brain biopsy

• development of the da Vinci Surgical System begins in the late 1980s

• in 1990 production of Cyberknife begins

• Robodoc is first introduced in 1992


2. History

• in 1999 the da Vinci surgical system is officially launched by Intuitive Surgical

• Computer Motion, Inc. received FDA approval to market ZEUS in 2001

• In 2003 Intuitive Surgical acquired Computer Motion and ZEUS is no longer produced


3. Robots in healthcare education

• Why do we need robots in healthcare education?

• realistic simulation of the human body

• to teach doctors, nurses and students

• to simulate special situations

• all actions can be recorded for debriefing


3.1. S3101 HAL

• intubation possible

• realistic breathing

• heartbeat and blood pressure

• venous access

• active eyes and voice response

• event log10Samstag, 16. Januar 2010

4. Nursing robots

• Why do we need nursing robots ?

• in 2050 47.8% of all people in germany will be 65 years old or older

• robots can perform physically demanding tasks (e.g. lifting patients)


4.1. RIBA

• Robot for Interactive Body Assistance

• developed by RIKEN-TRI Collaboration Center for Human-Interactive Robot Research(RTC)

• can transfer humans from a bed to a wheelchair


4.1 RIBA

• can lift 61kg (tested value)

• areal tactile sensors on both arms

• one hour of operating time

• expected to work at nursing-facilities, hospitals and at home


5. Robotic surgery

• Definition:

• Robotic surgery is the use of robots in performing surgery (Source: Wikipedia)

• Applications:

• remote surgery

• minimal invasive surgery

• unmanned surgery


5. Robotic surgery

• Why do we need robotic surgery?

• superior precision

• smaller incisions

• decreased blood loss

• less pain

• quicker healing


5.1. ROBODOC

• developed by Curexo Technology Corporation

• first introduced in 1992

• used for hip replacement surgery

• mills the bone with sub-millimeter accuracy


5.1. ROBODOC

• executes preoperative plan made with ORTHODOC

• the rest of the operation is done by a surgeon

• operation must be planned very carefully

• introduction led to more complications


5.2. Cyberknife

• robotic system for non-invasive radio-surgery

• used to treat cancer

• developed at Stanford University in 1987

• produced by Accuray since 1990

• installed in more than 160 hospitals


5.2. Cyberknife

• robotic arm with linear

particle accelerator

• x-ray tubes

• x-ray detectors•Robocouch• Respiratory Tracking System


5.2. Cyberknife

• procedure is planned before the treatment

• patients position is monitored

• advantages:

• frameless

• high doses of radiation possible


5.3. da Vinci Surgical System

• robotic system for complex minimal-invasive surgery

• developed and produced by Intuitive Surgical

• first released in 1999

• more than 1000 units sold worldwide



• four interactive robotic arms

• controlled by a surgeon on a console

• camera provides stereoscopic 3D-vision

• very small incisions possible



• real 3D-vision of the operation field

• translates surgeon‘s hand movements into instrument movements

• remote surgery technically possible



• advantages:

• smaller incisions

• less pain

• faster healing

• patient can leave hospital after few days

• price: $1.3 Million24Samstag, 16. Januar 2010

5.4. Limitations of robotic surgery

• expensive

• special training for surgeons required

• not every surgery can be done with the help of robots

• human surgeons are still needed


6. Other robots in hospitals

• robots in hospitals can help doctors and nurses at special tasks:

• managing the patients‘ medication (Robot-Rx)

• helping in patients therapy

• remote presence for doctors (RP7)


6.1. RP-7

• developed by Intouch Health

• enables remote presence for physicians

• can move in any direction

• has two cameras, a microphone, a display and speakers

• controlled from a Laptop or Desktop control-station over the Internet 27Samstag, 16. Januar 2010

7. Conclusion

• medical robots can already provide help for doctors and patients

• technology is still advancing

• robots will not completely replace doctors and nurses in the near future


8. Discussion

• Thank you for your attention

• Questions ?

• Comments ?


Sources• http://www.oed.com/

• http://www.epo.org/topics/innovation-and-economy/european-inventor/inventions/2008/davinci.html

• http://www.intuitivesurgical.com/

• http://www.gaumard.com/

• http://rtc.nagoya.riken.jp/RIBA/index-e.html

• http://www.robodoc.com/home.html

• http://www.accuray.com/

• http://www.intouchhealth.com/

• http://www.youtube.com

• http://en.wikipedia.org


http://www.oed.com

http://www.oed.com

http://www.epo.org/topics/innovation-and-economy/european-inventor/inventions/2008/davinci.html




http://www.intuitivesurgical.com

http://www.intuitivesurgical.com

http://www.gaumard.com

http://www.gaumard.com

http://rtc.nagoya.riken.jp/RIBA/index-e.html

http://rtc.nagoya.riken.jp/RIBA/index-e.html

http://www.robodoc.com/home.html

http://www.robodoc.com/home.html

http://www.accuray.com

http://www.accuray.com

http://www.intouchhealth.com

http://www.intouchhealth.com

http://www.youtube.com

http://www.youtube.com

http://en.wikipedia.org

http://en.wikipedia.org

Medical Robots - Arbeitsbereich Technische Aspekte ...tams- · Table of contents (2) 5. Robotic...

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