WIND power car

CONTENT

INTRODUCTION

BLOCK DIAGRAM

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

WIND POWER-WHAT IS IT?

HARDWARE COMPONENTS

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION 

Energy is one of the most vital needs for human survival on earth.

We are dependent on one form of energy or the Other for fulfilling our

needs. One such form of energy is the energy from FOSSIL FUELS.

We use energy from these sources for generating electricity, running

automobiles etc. But the main disadvantages of these FOSSIL FUELS

are that they are not environmental friendly and they are exhaustible.

 

To deal with these problems of FOSSIL FUELS, we need

to look at the NON-CONVENTIONAL SOURCES of energy.

With regard to this idea we have designed an Electrical vehicle

that runs on Electric energy.

The vehicle designed is a four wheel drive and can be used

for shuttle and short distances. As these vehicles form the future

of the automotive industry, we need to concentrate on

improving their design and making them cost effective. This

vehicle is an initiative in this direction.

Block diagram

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

The solar powering system of the car consists of: 

Solar Array which collects solar energy and converts it to electrical energy

Peak Power trackers to achieve the proper voltage to be stored in batteries.

Batteries to store power.

Motor controller which adjusts the power input to the motor.

An electric motor which drives the vehicle.

Solar array consists of a large number of

photovoltaic cells which converts solar energy

coming from the sun directly into electrical energy.

Peak Power Tracker (PPT) or Max Power point

tracker (MPPT) condition the electricity coming

from solar array in a way to maximize the power and

it also prevents battery from being damaged by

overloading during charging from the solar array.

Battery stories and supplies power to the motor

controller.

Motor Controller limits the amount of current reaching

the motor based upon user’s input ( usually by

accelerator ) Motor controller is attached to the motor

which drives the wheel of the vehicle.

WIND POWER - What is it?

All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermal

power), ultimately comes from the sun

The earth receives 1.74 x 1017 watts of power (per

hour) from the sun

About one or 2 percent of this energy is converted to

wind energy (which is about 50-100 times more than the

energy converted to biomass by all plants onearth

Differential heating of the earth’s surface and

atmosphere induces vertical and horizontal air currents

that are affected by the earth’s rotation and contours of

the landWIND.

e.g.:Land Sea Breeze Cycle

Winds are influenced by the ground surface at altitudes up to

100meters. Wind is slowed by the surface

roughness and obstacles. When dealing with wind energy, we are

concerned with surface winds.

A wind turbine obtains its power input by converting the force of

the wind into a torque (turning force) acting on the rotor blades.

The amount of energy which the wind transfers to the rotor

depends on the

density of the air, the rotor area, and the wind speed.

The kinetic energy of a moving body is proportional to its mass

(or weight). The kinetic energy in the wind thus depends on the

density of the air, i.e. its mass per unit of volume.

In other words, the "heavier" the air, the more energy is received

by the turbine.

at 15° Celsius air weighs about 1.225 kg per cubic meter, but the

density decreases slightly with increasing humidity.

SMALL GENERATORS:

Require less force to turn than a larger ones, but give

much lower power output. Less efficient,ie.. If you fit a

large wind turbine rotor with a small generator it will be

producing electricity during many hours of the year, but

it will capture only a small part of the energy content of

the wind at high wind speeds.

LARGE GENERATORS:

Very efficient at high wind speeds, but unable to turn at

low wind speeds.i.e.. If the generator has larger coils,

and/or a stronger internal magnet, it will require more

force (mechanical) to start in motion.

HARDWARE COMPONENTS

ELECTRIC BLADES DC MOTORSBATTERYCHAINFOUR WHEEL VEHICLE

Wind car

ADVANTAGES

Advantages of Electric powered cars include:

they produce no emissions,

require less service

no fuel costs

DISADVANTAGES

they can only run when the Electric is not

available unless they have another power

source and they are very expensive to purchase.

CONCLUSION

The Electric vehicle solves many problems related to the

environment and is the best pollution free method. We need

to make use of them so that we can reduce our dependence

on fossil fuels. Electric vehicles do have some disadvantages

like small speed range, initial cost is high. Also, the rate of

conversion of energy is not satisfactory (only 17%).