Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state...
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![Page 1: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Measuring Pressure:More Practice
![Page 2: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Measuring Pressure:More Practice
![Page 3: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Measuring Pressure:More Practice
![Page 4: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Measuring Pressure:More Practice
![Page 5: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Measuring Pressure:More Practice
![Page 6: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Measuring Pressure:More Practice
![Page 7: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria
I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in the transmission of forces in fluid systems, and conduct an laboratory investigation to demonstrate it.
![Page 8: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SPH4C
![Page 9: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
CompressibilityRecall that liquids
are not very compressible: their volume remains more or less constant even if pressure is applied.
![Page 10: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Pascal’s Principle Therefore, pressure applied to an
enclosed liquid is transmitted to every part of the liquid and to the walls of the container.
A hydraulic braking system transfers pressure from the brake lever through the system.
![Page 11: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The hydraulic pressPascal used this principle
in the design of a device called the hydraulic press: a device in which a small force on a small piston is transmitted through an enclosed liquid and applies a large force on a large piston.
![Page 12: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The hydraulic pressI.e., the pressure (pS) on the
small piston equals the pressure (pL) on the large piston:
L
L
s
s
Ls
A
F
A
F
pp
If A is increased, then F is also increased.
![Page 13: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The hydraulic press: ExampleA force of 14 N is applied to a piston of area
0.01 m2, which is connected to another piston of area 0.25 m2. What is the force on the larger piston?
![Page 14: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The hydraulic press: ExampleA force of 14 N is applied to a piston of area
0.01 m2, which is connected to another piston of area 0.25 m2. What is the force on the larger piston?
?
25.0
01.0
14
2
2
L
L
s
s
F
mA
mA
NF
![Page 15: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The hydraulic press: ExampleA force of 14 N is applied to a piston of area
0.01 m2, which is connected to another piston of area 0.25 m2. What is the force on the larger piston?
?
25.0
01.0
14
2
2
L
L
s
s
F
mA
mA
NF
![Page 16: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The hydraulic press: ExampleA force of 14 N is applied to a piston of area
0.01 m2, which is connected to another piston of area 0.25 m2. What is the force on the larger piston?
?
25.0
01.0
14
2
2
L
L
s
s
F
mA
mA
NF
N
m
mNF
A
AFF
A
F
A
F
L
s
LsL
L
L
s
s
35001.0
25.0142
2
![Page 17: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Mechanical advantageThe Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) of the system would be:
& Actual Mechanical Advantage (AMA) of the system would be
.
![Page 18: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Mechanical advantageThe Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) of the system would be:
& Actual Mechanical Advantage (AMA) of the system would be
.
s
L
A
AIMA
![Page 19: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Mechanical advantageThe Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) of the system would be:
& Actual Mechanical Advantage (AMA) of the system would be
.
s
L
A
AIMA
s
L
effort
load
F
F
F
FAMA
![Page 20: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
DistanceHowever, since the volume of the
larger cylinder is obviously larger, the distance the larger cylinder is displaced is smaller.
![Page 21: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
BrakesCar brakes incorporate both
levers and hydraulics:
the distance from the pedal to the pivot is four times the distance from the cylinder to the pivot, so the force at the pedal will be increased by a factor of four before it is transmitted to the cylinder. (2nd class lever).
![Page 22: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
BrakesThe diameter of the brake
cylinder is three times the diameter of the pedal cylinder, increasing the area and therefore the force by a factor of nine.
All together, this system increases the force of your foot by a factor of 36
(4 x 9 = 36).
![Page 23: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
BrakesSo if you put 100 N of force on the pedal, 3600
N will be generated at the wheel squeezing the brake pads
![Page 24: Measuring Pressure: More Practice. Pascal’s Principle: Student Success Criteria I can state Pascal's principle, explain its applications in.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022032105/56649d045503460f949d7377/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
More PracticePascal’s Principle Lab Activity