Designing Instruction Based on Student Needs

Karen Vignare Michigan State University

Agenda

• Objectives• Introduction• Definitions• Discussion• Summary• References

Objectives

• Understand the purpose of Instructional Design• Recognize different design processes• Apply Instructional Design to your Learners• Use technology or templates to help with

Instructional Design

Instructional Design

• Instructional design is defined as the systematic process of trying to make instruction more effective, efficient and appealing

• Any instructor can practice it but there are experts and it is a growing field of employment

• It requires focusing more on the learner’s needs to determine how to effectively instruct

Instructional Design Methods

• ADDIE• Analysis• Design• Development• Implement• Evaluate

Instructional Design Process

Modified Needs AnalysisThe Secret of Instructional Design is …

… Consistency among all parts of the instruction.(Adapted from Powerful Principles of Instructions, Yelon, Stephen S. Longman Publishers, 1996.)

Modified Needs Analysis

• Identify problem• What do we know about the community• Where are the gaps

• Discussion of content• SMEs• Feedback from targeted audience• What content currently exists

• Peer review/beta testing• Technical feedback• Subject area feedback• Standards checklist

Instructional Design and Learning Theories

• Learning theories study how people learn • Behaviorism—structured behavior resembles linear

learning• Constructivism –learning is created from previous

knowledge and new instructional processes• Cognitive Science provides more information about

appropriate scaffolding for learners• Social Learning (Constructivism)—Learning is social activity

and team based approaches are best

Tying Learning and Design Together

• Most instructional design is based on a learning theory

• Online design is often driven by technology but often by pedagogy

• Recognizing the learning environment is complex and interrelated is often difficult

• Theories like Community of Inquiry try to pull these elements together

Client Designs• FCIB International Credit & Risk

Management • Instructor-led online courses• Peer-to-peer interaction• Cohort based

Client Designs

• Citizen Planner• Online self-paced courses• Master Citizen Planner Credentialing Exam

Client Designs

• My Horse University• Self-paced courses• DVDs• Webcasts• Monthly newsletter• Sponsorships/

Partnerships

MHU Introduction

Customizations

• The RIGHT Experience• Technology• Interactivity• Learning strategy/process/consistency• Organizing around a need• Making content reusable

Technology and Templates

• http://wikieducator.org/Main_Page

YOUR Turn

• Design a lesson/module/week of instruction• Define your students—examples, include full-time,

live on or near campus, have no previous knowledge• What are the objectives of the instruction?• What resources will you have?• What will you need to assess?• What should students be able to do as a result of the

instruction

Discussion

• How is using instructional design different than normal preparation for courses?

Summary

• Introduced Instructional Design• Shared several types of Design methods• Applied instructional design to a course• Used technology or templates to help with

Instructional Design

References

• Bransford, John. How People Learn: Bridging Research and Practice

• Gagné, Robert, Nine Events of Instruction• Vygotsky, Lev, Social constructivism• http://www.instructionaldesign.org/

Terms of Use

© Karen Vignare, Michigan State University, MEAS project.

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Disclaimer

This presentation was made possible by the

generous support of the American people

through the United States Agency for

International Development, USAID. The

contents are the responsibility of the

author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the

views of USAID or the United States

Government.