1. Blood flow in skeletal muscles of the legs should increase tremendously during vigorous running. Which of the following mechanisms contributes to increased skeletal muscle blood flow?

A) Local metabolites dilate skeletal muscle blood vessels

B) Resistance of the veins and venules decreases

C) Total peripheral resistance increases

D) Circulating epinephrine constricts skeletal muscle blood vessels

2-The increase in blood flowing through coronary vessels during exercise is largely due to a regulation involving:

a) Adrenergic relaxation of the tension exerted by myocardial fibers.

b) Increase in coronary pressure due to a concomitant higher aortic pressure.

c) Oxygen dependent mechanism.

d) All of the above.

3-In muscular exercise, cardiac output depends primarily on:

a) Heart acceleration.

b) Smaller end diastolic volume.

c) Greater end systolic volume.

d) Marked increase in stroke volume

4-During exercise, total peripheral resistance decrease because of the effect of:

a) the sympathetic nervous system on splanchnic arterioles.

b) the parasympathetic nervous system on skeletal muscle arterioles.

c) local metabolites on skeletal muscle arterioles.

d) local metabolites on cerebral arterioles.

5-During muscular exercise tachycardia is due to all the following EXCEPTa- increase arterial blood

pressure

b- impulses from skeletal muscles.

c- increase body temperature.

d- increase venous return.

6-In a healthy subject, running is usually associated with a decrease in the end-systolic volume of the right and left ventricles and with an increase in their stroke volume. The mechanism for this response is probably the following:

A) Starling’s law of the heartB) Decrease in sympathetic tone to ventriclesC) A Decrease in venous return to the heartD) An increase in pulmonary and systemic resistance

7-Local metabolic activity is the main factor determining the rate of blood flow to all of the following except:A) Heart

B) Skin

C) Skeletal muscle

D) Brain

8-Each of the following tends to increase lymph flow, EXCEPT:

a) Increased plasma colloid osmotic pressure

b) Increased capillary pressure

c) Increased muscular activity

d) Increased permeability of the capillaries

9-All of the following factors can cause an increase in cardiac output EXCEPT:

a) exercise

b) deep inspiration

c) Ischemia of the cardiac muscles

d) Arteriolar dilatation.

10-The increase in stroke volume which results from greater diastolic volume depends primarily on:

a)the initial length of myocardial fibres

b) increased coronary blood flow

c) decreased aortic resistance

d) parasympathetic nervous system

11-Which of the following are incorrectly paired?

a) loss of blood: hypotension.

b) increased cardiac output :exercise.

c) increased total peripheral resistance : fainting

d) adenosine: coronary vasodilatation.

12- Venous return to the heart is facilitated by:

a) The amount of blood filling the circulatory system

b) The tone of sympathetic system on the veins

c) The activity of skeletal muscles

d) All of the above

a) Impulses from cardiovascular centers

b) Compression of abdominal muscles which reduces the vascular bed by a purely mechanical effect and raises the mean systemic filling pressure

c) Increased myocardial contractility due to increased circulating epinephrine

d) Increased metabolism of muscle that increases blood flow through the dilated vessels

13-The most important variable which increases cardiac output during exercise is the:

14- Which of the following parameters is decreased during moderate exercise:-a- Heart rate .

b- Cardiac output.

c- Pulse pressure.

d- Total peripheral resistance.

15-During exercise, all of the following increase EXCEPT:a- The total peripheral resistance.

b- The systolic BP.

c- The stroke volume.

d- The heart rate.

16-The increase in blood flowing through coronary vessels during exercise is due to:a) Parasympathetic mediated

vasodilatation

b) Direct sympathetic stimulation of α adrenergic receptors

c) Increase in coronary pressure

d) Local accumulation of vasodilator metabolites

17-Venous return to the heart is facilitated by:

a) The tone of sympathetic system on veins

b)The negativity of the thoracic pressure

c) The activity of skeletal muscles

d) All of the above

D.

18-The general effect of exercise on arterial blood pressure is to: A. Raise systolic and lower diastolic pressures

due to an increase in peripheral resistance

B. Lower systolic and raise diastolic pressures

C. Raise systolic and lower diastolic pressures accompanied by, and partly due to, a decreased peripheral resistance

D. Raise both systolic and diastolic pressures accompanied by, and partly due to, a decreased peripheral resistance

1. Blood flow in skeletal muscles of the legs should increase tremendously during vigorous running. Which of the following mechanisms contributes to increased skeletal muscle blood flow?

A) Local metabolites dilate skeletal muscle blood vessels

B) Resistance of the veins and venules decreases

C) Total peripheral resistance increases

D) Circulating epinephrine constricts skeletal muscle blood vessels

2-The increase in blood flowing through coronary vessels during exercise is largely due to a regulation involving:

a) Adrenergic relaxation of the tension exerted by myocardial fibers.

b) Increase in coronary pressure due to a concomitant higher aortic pressure.

c) Oxygen dependent mechanism.

d) All of the above.

3-In muscular exercise, cardiac output depends primarily on:

a) Heart acceleration.

b) Smaller end diastolic volume.

c) Greater end systolic volume.

d) Marked increase in stroke volume

4-During exercise, total peripheral resistance decrease because of the effect of:

a) the sympathetic nervous system on splanchnic arterioles.

b) the parasympathetic nervous system on skeletal muscle arterioles.

c) local metabolites on skeletal muscle arterioles.

d) local metabolites on cerebral arterioles.

5-During muscular exercise tachycardia is due to all the following EXCEPTa- increase arterial blood

pressure

b- impulses from skeletal muscles.

c- increase body temperature.

d- increase venous return.

6-In a healthy subject, running is usually associated with a decrease in the end-systolic volume of the right and left ventricles and with an increase in their stroke volume. The mechanism for this response is probably the following:

A) Starling’s law of the heartB) Decrease in sympathetic tone to ventriclesC) A Decrease in venous return to the heartD) An increase in pulmonary and systemic resistance

7-Local metabolic activity is the main factor determining the rate of blood flow to all of the following except:A) Heart

B) Skin

C) Skeletal muscle

D) Brain

8-Each of the following tends to increase lymph flow, EXCEPT:

a) Increased plasma colloid osmotic pressure

b) Increased capillary pressure

c) Increased muscular activity

d) Increased permeability of the capillaries

9-All of the following factors can cause an increase in cardiac output EXCEPT:

a) exercise

b) deep inspiration

c) Ischemia of the cardiac muscles

d) Arteriolar dilatation.

10-The increase in stroke volume which results from greater diastolic volume depends primarily on:

a)the initial length of myocardial fibres

b) increased coronary blood flow

c) decreased aortic resistance

d) parasympathetic nervous system

11-Which of the following are incorrectly paired?

a) loss of blood: hypotension.

b) increased cardiac output :exercise.

c) increased total peripheral resistance : fainting

d) adenosine: coronary vasodilatation.

12- Venous return to the heart is facilitated by:

a) The amount of blood filling the circulatory system

b) The tone of sympathetic system on the veins

c) The activity of skeletal muscles

d) All of the above

a) Impulses from cardiovascular centers

b) Compression of abdominal muscles which reduces the vascular bed by a purely mechanical effect and raises the mean systemic filling pressure

c) Increased myocardial contractility due to increased circulating epinephrine

d) Increased metabolism of muscle that increases blood flow through the dilated vessels

13-The most important variable which increases cardiac output during exercise is the:

14- Which of the following parameters is decreased during moderate exercise:-a- Heart rate .

b- Cardiac output.

c- Pulse pressure.

d- Total peripheral resistance.

15-During exercise, all of the following increase EXCEPT:a- The total peripheral resistance.

b- The systolic BP.

c- The stroke volume.

d- The heart rate.

16-The increase in blood flowing through coronary vessels during exercise is due to:a) Parasympathetic mediated

vasodilatation

b) Direct sympathetic stimulation of α adrenergic receptors

c) Increase in coronary pressure

d) Local accumulation of vasodilator metabolites

17-Venous return to the heart is facilitated by:

a) The tone of sympathetic system on veins

b)The negativity of the thoracic pressure

c) The activity of skeletal muscles

d) All of the above

D.

18-The general effect of exercise on arterial blood pressure is to: A. Raise systolic and lower diastolic pressures

due to an increase in peripheral resistance

B. Lower systolic and raise diastolic pressures

C. Raise systolic and lower diastolic pressures accompanied by, and partly due to, a decreased peripheral resistance

D. Raise both systolic and diastolic pressures accompanied by, and partly due to, a decreased peripheral resistance