1May 2012

Confined Space RescueAwareness Training

Bothell Fire and E.M.S.

&

King County Zone One

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ConSpace Rules

WAC 296-305-5003 WAC 296-62-141 CFR 29-1910 NFPA 1670 NFPA 1006 NIOSH 1994

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Objectives

Recognize regulations governing operations in Confined Spaces

Identify the definition of permit and non-permit Confined Space.

Identify differences between Confined Space and permit Confined Space.

Identify equipment required to mitigate a Confined Space Rescue.

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The Facts

Approximately 60 deaths a year are in Con Space.

60% of these deaths are rescuers.

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What Hurts Us

65% Hazardous Atmospheres 13% Engulfment 7% Struck by falling object 6% Heat stress/exhaustion 4% Others

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A Confined Space is :

Large enough to get into and perform assigned work, and

Has limited or restricted means of egress, and

Is not designed for continuous occupancy

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A “Permit” CS : Contains or has the potential to have a

hazardous atmosphere or Contains a material that has the potential

for engulfing an entrant or Has an internal configuration such that an

entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or a floor which tapers or

Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard.

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Typical Permit Confined Spaces

Storage tanks Pump wet wells Degreasers Sewers Manholes Tunnels

Silos Vessels Mixers Water towers Underground

vaults Boilers

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Examples

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Examples

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Examples

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Examples

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Examples

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Examples

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Examples

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More Examples

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More Examples

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Dangers of Confined Spaces

Oxygen deficiency By-products of

previously stored material

Accidental leaks/spills

Chemical reactions

Mechanical operations

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Types of Confined Space Hazards

Atmospheric Hazards Physical Hazards Engulfment Hazards Corrosive Hazards Biological Hazards Other Hazards

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Atmospheric Monitoring

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Atmospheric Monitoring:

Initially and prior to entry all atmospheres shall be tested.

The testing will provide information that will: Help select PPE Determine areas where protection is

needed. Assess the potential health affect Determine the need for specific medical

monitoring.

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Gas Monitoring Equipment

Most are real time Single gas

monitors

Multi-gas monitors Must be portable

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Monitoring for Oxygen

The percentage of oxygen in atmosphere

Most monitors read 0% - 25%

19.5% - 23.5% is typically acceptable

Will alarm at either level

Disadvantages:*Must calibrate to settings*May be damaged by certain gases or vapors

Advantages:*Quick response time*Portable

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Monitoring for Flammables

Second priority to oxygen

May not read if oxygen is <10%

Uses LEL Not 0% - 100% vapor

in air Alarms @ 10% of LEL,

not 10% of vapor. Usually calibrated to

pentane or hexane

Advantages:* Fast Response* Simple Operation* Audible/Visual Alarms* Portable* Choice of Sampling

Disadvantages:*Calibrated to one gas*False Readings in Low Oxygen Areas.*May be Damaged by Compounds

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You Don’t Want to be this Guy?

Do You?

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Phases of Confined Space Rescue Preparation Assessment Pre-entry operations Entry operations Termination

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Phase I Preparation

Rescue team evaluation Equipment evaluation Hazard evaluation Personnel evaluation ICS

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Preparation:Equipment Evaluation Respiratory protection:

- SAR or SCBA

- Enough for entry

& back-up

- Victim?? Ventilation Atmospheric monitoring Lockout / Tagout PPE Lighting Communication

Rope, harnesses, & hardware Patient packaging Fall protection, tripods, davits Passport systems / tracking

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Preparation:Hazard Evaluation Sites of high likelihood:

- Industry- Projects- Water treatment / sewage

MAKE CONTACT!! What do they do? What do they store? What can hurt you? How do you control it? Are they trained?

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Phase IIAssessment Approach assessment Resource assessment

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Assessment:Approach Assessment Enroute game plan At scene:

Number of patients Location & last time contacted Type of space Location of entry points Use of space Other hazards Pre-entry measures

DETERMINE SURVIVABILITY PROFILE!!

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Assessment:Resource Assessment Compile all approach assessment

information Develop a plan Look at what resources you have,

and what’s enroute. Is it enough? Call early!

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Assessment: Documentation Before entering document all

safety measures Permits, atmosphere readings,

safety checklist IF IT ISN’T WRITTEN OR TAPED

IT NEVER HAPPENED!!

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Phase IIIPre-entry Operations General area safety:

Hot, warm, cold zones General area ventilation Outside ignition sources

Rescue area safety: Huddle up – make assignments Atmosphere monitoring Ventilation Entry team support – medical screen Pre-entry brief

Expected physical challenges Space layout & hazards

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Phase IVEntry & Rescue Operations Duties of Rescue Group

Supervisor: Develops & manages the plan

Duties of Attendant: Monitor atmosphere & record Maintain log of entry teams Stay in communication with entry &

supervisor

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Entry and Rescue Cont:

Duties of Entry Teams: Watch out for each other, hazards,

& space / patient condition (L&I) Communicate with attendant &

each other Assess patient and extricate

appropriately Brief additional teams

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Entry and Rescue Cont:

Duties of Back-up teams: Stand by in a ready position (no

other assignments) Duties of Rigging Team:

Build & manage retrieval system Provide patient packaging

Duties of Air Supply: Lots of spares, or cascade

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Entry and Rescue Cont:

Other Positions Medical Decon Cops (scene safety)

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Phase VTermination Document exit time Medical evaluation & rehab Report space & patient condition Wrap up equipment & decon Secure the space PIA

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