Maurits Heijna
description
Transcript of Maurits Heijna
The INNOGRAPH-1C low dose irradiation experiment
extending the HTR graphite materials properties curves at 750°C
Maurits Heijna
INGSM
15-18 September 2014
Hangzhou
215th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
European HTR graphite program
2001-2006
2006-2011
2011-2015
(V)HTR: (Very) High Temperature Reactor
Goal of INNOGRAPH irradiations:• Get design curves of modern nuclear
graphite grades and select best candidate for (V)HTR
• Add to understanding of graphite irradiation behaviour
315th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
INNOGRAPH irradiation experiments
415th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
INNOGRAPH irradiation experiments
INNOGRAPH-1C: low dose irradiation at 750°C
515th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Manufacturer Grade Coke Process
IG-110 petroleum iso-moulding
IG-430 pitch iso-moulding
NBG-10 pitch extrusion
NBG-17 pitch vibro-moulding
NBG-18 pitch vibro-moulding
NBG-25 petroleum iso-moulding
PCEA petroleum extrusion
PCIB petroleum iso-moulding
PPEA pitch extrusion
LPEB needle extrusion
LPIB needle iso-moulding
Graphite grades in INNOGRAPH
Variation in manufacturing process, coke, and grain size
615th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
INNOGRAPH experiment design
• 8 drums to hold samples
• Geometry allows grain orientation identification
• In the order of 180-220 samples per experiment
• Each experiment contains 24 thermocouples and 9 dosimeter sets
15th INGSM Hangzhou, China
INNOGRAPH experiment design
• INNOGRAPH-1B and -2B have been assembled in the NRG hot-cells
• Samples include irradiated samples from INNOGRAPH-1A and -2A
• INNOGRAPH-1C: virgin samples only, table top assembly
815th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
INNOGRAPH-1C irradiation
• 3 cycles in high flux position in High Flux Reactor (HFR, 45 MW)
• Helium gas environment
915th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Irradiation temperature control
On-line temperature control by gas mixture control and vertical displacement unit
1015th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Post-Irradiation Examination
PIE measurements:• Dimensional change• Mass & density• Young’s modulus• Thermal conductivity• Thermal Expansion• Measurement set-ups in
Box and Hot Cell
Sample recovery
Measurements
Drum recovery
1115th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
grade C, low dose grade C, high dose grade D, low dose grade D, high dose
V/V
0 (%
)
dpa
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20 grade A, low dose grade A, high dose grade B, low dose grade B, high dose
V/V
0 (%
)
dpa
Volume change (Tirr=750°C)
Extrusion Iso-moulding
1215th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
grade C grade D
V/V
0 (%
)
dpa
Volume change (Tirr=750°C)
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
grade A grade B
V/V
0 (%
)
dpa
Extrusion Iso-moulding
1315th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Dynamic Young’s Modulus
Extrusion Iso-moulding
Measured by velocity-of-sound
1415th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Dynamic Young’s Modulus
Extrusion Iso-moulding
Measured by velocity-of-sound
1515th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Dynamic Young’s Modulus
Extrusion Iso-moulding
Measured by velocity-of-sound
1615th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.02.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
grade C, AG grade C, WG grade D, AG grade D, WG
CT
E30
-750
°C (
x1
0-6 K
-1)
dpa
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.02.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
grade A, AG grade A, WG grade B, AG grade B, WG
CT
E30
-750
°C (
x1
0-6 K
-1)
dpa
Thermal expansion
Extrusion Iso-moulding
Measurement range used: 30°C-750°C
1715th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.02.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
grade C, AG grade C, WG grade D, AG grade D, WG
CT
E30
-750
°C (
x1
0-6 K
-1)
dpa
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.02.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
grade A, AG grade A, WG grade B, AG grade B, WG
CT
E30
-750
°C (
x1
0-6 K
-1)
dpa
Thermal expansion
Extrusion Iso-moulding
Measurement range used: 30°C-750°C
1815th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.02.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
grade C, AG grade C, WG grade D, AG grade D, WG
CT
E30
-750
°C (
x1
0-6 K
-1)
dpa
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.02.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
grade A, AG grade A, WG grade B, AG grade B, WG
CT
E30
-750
°C (
x1
0-6 K
-1)
dpa
Thermal expansion
Extrusion Iso-moulding
Measurement range used: 30°C-750°C
1915th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Thermal conductivity vs temperature
Measured by Laser Flash Analysis (LFA)
2015th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Thermal conductivity vs dpa
Extrusion Iso-moulding
Measured at 750°C
2115th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Thermal conductivity vs dpa
Extrusion Iso-moulding
Measured at 750°C
2215th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Thermal conductivity vs dpa
Extrusion Iso-moulding
Measured at 750°C
2315th INGSM
Hangzhou, China
Conclusions
• Materials properties curves at 750°C extended to low dpa for HTR graphite grades
• Little happens at low dpa– Volume change– Although indicative for behaviour at higher dose
• A lot happens at low dpa– CTE, DYM, thermal conductivity
• To be answered: what grade is best for (V)HTR?