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SELECTED STATISTICS ON WOMEN’S STATUS
18% of women 20-24 years were married orin union before age 15
37% of women 20-24 years were married orin union before age 18
22% of women 20-24 years have given birthby age 18
27%of women aged 15-49 years old thinkthat a husband/partner is justified inhitting/beating his wife under certaincircumstances
59%of women 15-49 years make use at leastone type of information media at leastonce a week (newspaper, magazine,television or radio)
Source: MICS 2015
Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to “all procedures involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.”1 While the exact number of girls and women worldwide who have undergone FGM remains unknown, at least 200 million girls and women have been cut in 30 countries with representative data on prevalence. FGM is a violation of girls’ and women’s human rights and is condemned by many international treaties and conventions, as well as by national legislation in many countries. Yet, where it is practised FGM is performed in line with tradition and social norms to ensure that girls are socially accepted and marriageable, and to uphold their status and honour and that of the entire family. UNICEF works with government and civil society partners towards the elimination of FGM in countries where it is still practised.
1. World Health Organization, Eliminating Female Genital Mutilation: An interagency statement, WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNIFEM, OHCHR, UNHCR, UNECA, UNESCO, UNDP, UNAIDS, WHO, Geneva, 2008, p. 4.
STATISTICAL PROFILE ON FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION
MAURITANIA
Data and Analytics SectionDIVISION OF DATA, RESEARCH AND POLICY
© UNICEF/UN0206437/Tamayo
2005 National decree/legislation banningFGM passed
WHEN AND HOW IS FGM PERFORMED?
HOW WIDESPREAD IS THE PRACTICE?
Nearly 70 per cent of girls and women in Mauritania have undergone FGM with those living in rural areas and from poorer households more likely to experience the practice
Two in three girls experienced the practice between ages 5 and 14
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 yearswho have undergone FGM, by region
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, by residence and household wealth quintile
Notes: The boundaries and the names shown and the designations zused on the map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Only categories with 25 or more unweighted cases are presented. Due to rounding, some of the data presented may not add up to 100 per cent. There is no ethnicity or religion data for Mauritania. Prevalence data for girls aged 0 to 14 reflect their current, but not final, FGM status since some girls who have not been cut may still be at risk of experiencing the practice once they reach the customary age for cutting. Therefore, the data on prevalence for girls under age 15 is actually an underestimation of the true extent of the practice. Since age at cutting varies among settings, the amount of underestimation also varies and this should be kept in mind when interpreting all FGM prevalence data for this age group. ‘Health personnel’ includes doctors, nurses, midwives and other health workers; ‘Traditional practitioner’ includes traditional circumcisers, traditional birth attendants, traditional midwives and other types of traditional practitioners.
Source for all charts on this page: MICS 2015
Percentage distribution of girls aged 15 to 19 years who have undergone FGM, by age at which cutting occurred
Percentage distribution of girls aged 0 to 14 years who haveundergone FGM (as reported by their mothers), according to
the type of person/practitioner performing the procedure
Percentage distribution of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their
mothers), by type of FGM performed
Almost eight out of ten adolescent girls who underwent the practice were cut before the age of 5; most of the remaining girls are unsure at what age they were cut
10% - 25%
26% - 50%
51% - 80%
Less than 10%
Above 80%
No data
67 79
5537
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Rural Urban Poorest Richest
92
77
0 20 40 60 80 100
22
0.4 0.20-4 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15+ years
Don’t know/Missing
Cut, flesh removed
Cut, no flesh removed/Nicked
Type not determined/ Not sure/ Don’t know
Sewn closed
1
20
75
4
Percentage of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers), by residence, mother’s education and wealth quintile
Percentage of cut girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have at least one daughter who has undergone FGM, by
mothers’ attitudes about whether the practice should continue
51
66
33
61
47
18
63
82
13
0
20
40
60
80
100
Primary complete
Secondary or higher
Koranic/non-standard
curriculum
Daughters whose mothers think
FGM should continue
Daughters whosemothers are
unsure
Daughters whose mothers sayit depends
Daughters whosemothers think
FGM should stop
0
20
40
60
80
100 90
57 54
40
1
97
2
Traditionalpractitioner
Health personnel
Don’t know/Missing
WHAT ARE THE PREVAILING ATTITUDES TOWARDS FGM?
More than one in three girls and women think FGM should continue in Mauritania
IS THE PRACTICE OF FGM CHANGING?
There are signs of a small decline in the prevalence of FGM over time
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, by current age
Notes: There are no ethnicity data for Mauritania. Data on women’s attitudes cannot be directly compared with men’s attitudes since the data source for girls and women is more recent than that for boys and men.
Source for all above charts: MICS 2015, unless otherwise noted
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, and percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM and think the practice should continue
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years and boys and men aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM, by their attitudes about whether the practice should continue
Among girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM, the percentage who cite specific benefits or
advantages for a girl to undergo the procedure
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM and think the practice should continue,by household wealth quintile, education, residence and age
Source: MICS 2015 for girls and women and DHS 2000-01 for boys and men
19 12
0 20 40 60 80 100
Think FGM should continue Think FGM should stop Say it depends/are not sure
69Boysand men
Girls andwomen 50 1436
36
62
13
42 38
20
48 49
24
39 36
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Poorest Richest No education Primary complete Secondary or higher
Koranic/non-standard curriculum
Rural Urban 45-49 years 15-19 years
73 72 69 66 68 64 63
0
20
40
60
80
100
45-49 years 40-44 years 35-39 years 30-34 years 25-29 years 20-24 years 15-19 years
72 69
5341
MICS 2007 MICS 2011
Prevalence of FGM
Think FGMshould continue
0
20
40
60
80
100
DHS 2000-01
7164
67
36
MICS 2015
Source: DHS 2000-01
No benefits
More sexual pleasure for the man
Cleanliness/Hygiene
Social acceptance
Better marriage prospects
Preservation of virginity
Required by religionOther
Don’t know
21
19
35
4
31
2
29
9
N/A
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM
Percentage of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers)
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM and think the practice should continue
MAURITANIA
Notes: Data on attitudes for Yemen refer to ever-married girls and women. In Liberia, girls and women who have heard of the Sande society were asked whether they were members; this provides indirect information on FGM/C since it is performed during initiation into the society. Egypt data refer to girls aged 1 to 14 years and Indonesia data refer to girls aged 0 to 11 years. An older source is used to report on the prevalence of FGM among girls aged 0 to 14 years for Gambia (MICS 2010) and Uganda (DHS 2011) since the latest source did not collect these data. MICS data for Ghana (2011) could not be used to report on attitudes towards FGM due to the fact that information is missing for girls and women with no living daughters; data from MICS 2006 are used instead. In Liberia, only cut girls and women were asked about their attitudes towards FGM; since girls and women from practicing communities are more likely to support the practice, the level of support in this country as captured by DHS 2013 is higher than would be expected had all girls and women been asked their opinion. Prevalence data on FGM for girls and women aged 15 to 49 years and data on attitudes towards FGM are not available for Indonesia.
Sources: DHS, MICS, Health Issues Survey, Population and Health Survey and RISKESDAS, 2004-2018.
Updated January 2019
FOR MORE INFORMATIONData and Analytics Section - Division of Data, Research and Policy
UNICEF, 3 UN Plaza, New York, 10017Website: data.unicef.org Email: [email protected]
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INTER-COUNTRY STATISTICAL OVERVIEW