Matter Classification

Microscopic Scale

• Atom – building block of all matter

• Molecule – two or more atoms chemically bonded together

Microscopic Scale

AtomThe smallest

unit of an element

Ex) Na, Mg, Fe, Ar, Zn, Cu

Moleculeof elementSame element

chemically bonded

Ex) H2, O2, N2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2, S8

Moleculeof

compoundDifferent elements chemically bonded

Ex) H2O, CO2, HCl, CH2O

Matter

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Homogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture

Compound

Element

Can it be separated by physical means?

Can it be separated through chemical reactions?

Can it be separated easily?

YES

YESYES

NO

NO NO

Matter

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Homogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture

Compound

Element

Can it be separated by physical means?

Can it be separated through chemical reactions?

Can it be separated easily?

YES

YESYES

NO

NO NO

Matter – material that has mass and takes up space

Matter

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Homogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture

Compound

Element

Can it be separated by physical means?

Can it be separated through chemical reactions?

Can it be separated easily?

YES

YESYES

NO

NO NO

Pure Substances– can’t be separated by physical means (heating, filtering, sorting, etc.)

Matter

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Homogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture

Compound

Element

Can it be separated by physical means?

Can it be separated through chemical reactions?

Can it be separated easily?

YES

YESYES

NO

NO NO

Mixtures – contains more than one substance

Matter

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Homogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture

Compound

Element

Can it be separated by physical means?

Can it be separated through chemical reactions?

Can it be separated easily?

YES

YESYES

NO

NO NOElement – unique type of atom; on the Periodic Table

Matter

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Homogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture

Compound

Element

Can it be separated by physical means?

Can it be separated through chemical reactions?

Can it be separated easily?

YES

YESYES

NO

NO NO

Compound – contains more than one element; atoms are chemically bonded together

Matter

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Homogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture

Compound

Element

Can it be separated by physical means?

Can it be separated through chemical reactions?

Can it be separated easily?

YES

YESYES

NO

NO NOHomogeneous Mixture – is the same throughout; each sample is identical

Matter

Pure Substances

Mixtures

Homogeneous Mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture

Compound

Element

Can it be separated by physical means?

Can it be separated through chemical reactions?

Can it be separated easily?

YES

YESYES

NO

NO NOHeterogeneous Mixture – is not the same throughout; samples are different

Practice Classifying

• Put the following objects in the appropriate category:

Element Compound Homogeneous Heterogeneous

Mixture MixtureLithium (Li)

Gold (Au)Detergent

GatoradeYour Body

Hydrogen (H2)

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

Root Beer

Raisin Bran

Oreos

Baking Soda (NaHCO3)

Formaldehyde (CH2O)

Practice Classifying-Answers

• Put the following objects in the appropriate category:

Element Compound Homogeneous Heterogeneous Mixture Mixture

Lithium (Li)

Gold (Au)

Detergent

Gatorade Your Body

Hydrogen (H2)

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

Root Beer

Raisin Bran

OreosBaking Soda (NaHCO3)

Formaldehyde (CH2O)