Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is...
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Transcript of Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is...
![Page 1: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Matter and Change
![Page 2: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What exactly is matter?
![Page 3: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Matter: anything that has a mass and volume.
It is classified by its chemical and physical
properties
Is air matter?
![Page 4: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Mass – a measure of the amount of matter the object contains
![Page 5: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Describing Matter
1. Extensive Properties-depends on how much matter is present
• Mass
• Volume
Examples:
• Length
![Page 6: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Describing Matter2. Intensive Properties- depends on the type of matter in a sample
Examples:• hardness
• density
• color
• Melting and boiling points
Physical Properties
• temperature
![Page 7: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Physical Properties
Refer to the condition or quality of a substance that can be observed or measured without
changing the substance’s composition.
Examples: density, conductivity, melting point, boiling point, malleability, and ductility.
![Page 8: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Chemical Property: the ability of a substance to undergo a specific
chemical reaction and form a new substance
Rust
![Page 9: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
States of Matter• Solid • Liquid • Gas
![Page 10: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Solids• Solids are matter with definite shape
and definite volume
• Can not be compressed
• Particles are packed together in an orderly arrangement
![Page 11: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Liquids• Liquids are a form of matter that has an
indefinite shape, flows, and has a definite volume.
• Almost incompressible
• Particle arrangement is not rigid or orderly
![Page 12: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Gases• Gases are forms of matter that take both
the shape and volume of the container.
• Particles are in random positions and spaced out
•Can be easily compressed
Are the terms gas and vapor interchangeable?
![Page 13: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A fourth state of matter is plasma. Plasma is formed when a gas is heated to a temperature at which its electrons dissociate from the nuclei
Plasma
![Page 14: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Classification of MatterMatter can be classified into one of two
groups: pure substances or mixtures.
Matter
Can it be separated?
Mixture Pure Substance
yes No
![Page 15: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Matter
Can it be separated?
Mixture Pure Substance
yes No
Classification of Matter
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
![Page 16: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Mixtures
Classifying Mixtures
Mixture- a physical blend of two or more
kinds of matter.
1. Heterogeneous
2. Homogeneous
![Page 17: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
1. Heterogeneous MixturesDifferent composition throughout; you can see
the different substances that are mixed together
Sand Trail Mix
![Page 18: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
2. Homogeneous Mixtures
Same composition and properties throughout
~Another name for a homogeneous mixture is a solution.
A homogeneous mixture is more than one substance mixed together so well that it looks, feels and seems as though it is one substance
and had dissolved together.
![Page 19: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
A phase is any part of a sample with the same composition and properties.
How many phases are in a homogeneous mixture? 1
How many phases are in a heterogeneous mixture? 2 or more
![Page 20: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Separating Mixtures
• Filtration: separates a solid from the liquid
![Page 21: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Distillation: liquids are boiled to produce a vapor which, is then condensed into a liquid.
Separating Mixtures
![Page 22: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
• Decanting: pouring one phase from a container and leaving the remaining phase.
Separating Mixtures
![Page 23: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
• Chromatography: passing a mixture dissolved in a "mobile phase" through a stationary phase
![Page 24: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Classification of MatterMatter
Can it be separated?
Mixture Pure Substance
yes No
Element Compound
![Page 25: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
1. ElementsA pure substance made of only one kind
of atom that has a unique set of properties.
Substances can be classified into two categories:
![Page 26: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
2. Compounds
A substance that is made of atoms of two or more elements that are chemically
bonded
![Page 27: Matter and Change. What exactly is matter? Matter: anything that has a mass and volume. It is classified by its chemical and physical properties Is air.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e635503460f94b5f397/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Matter
Can it be separated?
Mixture Pure Substance
yes No
Heterogeneous Element CompoundHomogeneous
Uniform Composition?
yes No
Does it break down?
No yes