Kimberlite

Diamond

Grade

PrefaceThose who found kimberlite but not sure about its real value, needs to have at least

three major parameters: the size of kimberlite, its diamond grade and the cost of its

one carat of diamonds. Among them the diamond grade is the most important one.

Among thousands of kimberlites known over the world there are very few of them

became a profitable diamond mine.

Delineation drilling will provide answer for the first question, gemologist will apprise

the value of one carat of diamonds, but nobody can give accurate figure of a

kimberlite diamond grade before bulk sampling and a start of mining.

The last decade investigations show that the kimberlite diamond grade can be

successfully calculated mathematically based on chemistry of garnets picked

randomly from a HMC of kimberlite.

Igor Kryvoshlyk joined SouthernEra Resources Limited in May 1995 as a mineralogist… During…more than 10 year period with SouthernEra, Igor spent most of his time doing microscope examination…His sorting of various kimberlitic minerals was always meticulously done, despite this being a painstaking task…

Igor is the only person I have known in all my years of kimberlite exploration, who is able to distinguish, with a high degree of certainty, optically and before probe analysis, between kimberlitic and non kimberlitic chromites and ilmenites. Similarly, he has an uncanny ability to distinguish eclogitic garnets from other, similar coloured garnets…

During his stay with us, Igor spent a lot of time collecting data for a huge database of kimberlitic mineral electron probe analyses. He spent a lot of time building research models from this data for the prediction of the location of kimberlites and predicting economic viability and even prediction of the grade of kimberlites from his mineral database…

Igor has a lively and enquiring mind and I had many interesting discussions with him, where he was often prepared to buck conventional wisdom and propose new and sometimes radical ideas. An attribute I greatly admire…

Dr. Christopher Mark Hubert Jennings.Chairman and former President and CEO SouthernEra Diamonds. January 4, 2006.

About the Author

Brief History of Research

• 1995. Senior mineralogist for SouthernEra Diamonds, Toronto, Canada.

Beginning of research. DO-27 kimberlite (NWT, Canada), diamond grade

was calculated as 1 cpht [by Peregrine Diamonds using standard method]

• 2000. First test of the new System. DO-27 diamond grade was calculated

over 70 cpht [based on 58 garnet grains and 1 week of work]

• 2005. Re-evaluation (why?) of DO-27 by Peregrine Diamonds - Intensive

drilling and sampling. New grade was calculated around 80 cpht [by

standard method and – additional dollars, months / years of work]

DO-27 Diamond grade

“Kennecott Canada Exploration Inc. processed over

1,200 tonnes of diatreme kimberlite, (the Tli Kwi Cho

kimberlite pipe) coming up with a meagre diamond

grade of 0.01 carat per tonne” (or 1 cpht).

by Will Purcell 2004-07-27 15:31 ET - Street

Wire

“A diamond junior’s first task is to find a

kimberlite. The next and very important

step is to provide a convincing argument

as to why this kimberlite deserves a more

expensive bulk sampling to establish

carat grade”.

Quotation from John Kaiser, March 19, 2002

Introduction

Diamond grade is the most important parameter in assessment of a kimberlite pipe

When is a G10 NOT a diamond indicator?

“The presence of G10 garnets… may not have any relationship to the diamond content of their kimberlite hosts.”

Quotation from: Nowicki & Gurney. Assessment of diamond potential using kimberlitic indicator minerals: key principles and applications. Greenland Workshop, 2005, Copenhagen.

The Victor pipe was initially discovered before the Dia Met and

Aber discoveries in the Northwest Territories, but was put on the

shelf due to less than stellar initial (microdiamond) results.

Ultimately, over a period of many years it was established that a

portion of the Victor pipe had high quality coarse diamonds. Now

it is a De Beers $1 billion Victor diamond mine.

The lesson here is that poor initial microdiamond results may not

mean an economic deposit is not possible.

Alf Stewart. Diamond Exploration Tools. ResourceWorld. 2007

Microdiamonds’ failure

Which of them is a next diamond mine?How soon these targets will be tested?

Significance of a Correct Kimberlite Diamond Grade Data

“The Tli Kwi Cho (DO-27) fiasco”: The Northern Miner. 10/26/1998

“Tli Kwi Cho diamond pipe was discovered in 1993 and bulk sampled in 1994. Based on limited disclosures the market developed high expectations that were shattered when the bulk sample results were released. Overnight nearly a billion dollars in market capitalization evaporated as investors abandoned diamond companies.” “Angry investors claiming that the analyst and his clients had an unfair advantage.” John Kaiser, July 10, 2001.

“Well known grade disasters like Tli Kwi Cho, Torrie, Torngat and Wawa”:Kaiser Express 2002-04, “The Northern Miner” March 22, 2002

“Kennecott’s NWT, Tli Kwi Cho failure causes large sell-off of diamond stocks.”: James Dartnell, “Anatomy of a stock market winner”, 2003.

The bulk sampling of the DO-27 pipe in 1994 “did not produce the anticipated high grades, led to a catastrophic Canadian junior stock market crash and abandonment of the project”: Coopersmith, H., Pell, J., Scott Smith, B., 2006.

Evolution of Geological Models

Kimberlite Estimated Diamond Grade (feasibility study)(cpht)

True Grade(after mining)

Calculated Grade

MarsfonteinSouth Africa

335 308 242 Randgold Explor. 7th

IKC S.Collingridge

Press Release Small Mines Wordsmith 1998 1998 1999

148.58SoutherneraAnn. Report

2000

149.44

UdachnayaRussia

120 100 Miller, P. “Diamonds” First Strike Yorkton Sec., 1995 Diamonds Inc.

60Eberle, J.M.

2003

65.01

Kimberley“Big Hole”

South Africa

100 15 Moon, C.J. Grizzly Diamonds 2006 2007

63.88

Generic Template Diamonds of

Africa

64.23

Finsch South Africa

80 49.30 43.99 before 1995 1995 Petra Diamonds Porter Geoconsultancy

36.33DBCM Report

2009

38.61

VictorCanada

10 23 38 30.22 Winzar, DJ, P.Gregory Worldwide De BeersReport 2001 Report Diam.Update 2008 2004 2004

No Data 41.53

DO-27Canada

1.3 1 36…89.88 L.Rombouts Boxer, G.L.1994 Peregrine Diamonds 1994 “Microdiamonds” 2005

No Data 71.42

Why these numbers are so different? Why these numbers are so close?

Notes for the previous slide

There is a principal question for the feasibility study results:

Why this feasibility study produced different data for the same kimberlite? Who is guilty for this, who is wrong?

Suggestions:

1. Feasibility studies were performed by perfectly trained professionals with B.Sc, M.Sc, Ph.D, P.Geo, P.Eng, P.Geol diplomas. Each of them is a QA/QC and a Qualified Person

2. They did their job in complete accordance with all rules and regulations which described by the National Instrument NI43-101.

3. Nobody is guilty, nobody is wrong. The System is wrong.

4. That is why many of diamond exploration companies have changed their orientation for gold, potash, base metals…

CONCLUSION

Using the current model of evaluation of

a kimberlite diamond grade we can not

get a correct outcome.

System of MathematicalCalculations of

a Kimberlite Diamond Grade

Igor Kryvoshlyk, ikryvoa481@hotmail.com 416-248-8514

# Kimberlite[reference]

Country Predicted grade (cpht)

Final mining data,

(cpht)

1 Marsfontein, M-1[43] S. Africa 149.44 = 148.58 [4]

2 Klipspringer S. Africa 44.20 = 42.00 [5]

3 Kimberley “Big Hole” S. Africa 64.23 = 63.80 [6]

4 Finsch [34] S. Africa 38.61 = 36.33 [33]

5 Roberts Victor [47] S. Africa 132.99 > 100.00 [8]

6 Catoca [40] Angola 57.14 = 58.00 [64, 65]

7 Camafuca [7] Angola 6.72 = 5.84 [68]

8 K-14 [14] Canada 12.46 ~ 12.00 [26]

9 Mir [40] Russia 96.93 ~ 100.00 [40]

10 Aikhal [37] Russia 91.01 ~ 100.00 [66]

11 Udachnaya [15] Russia 65.01 ~ 60.00 [16]

12 Zarnitsa [15] Russia 17.52 ~ 15.00 [67]

13 Sytykanskaya [15] Russia 66.79 ~ 60.00 [17]

14 Lomonosova [38] Russia 75.85 = 70.00 [27]

15 Ellendale-4 [56] Australia 5.78 = 5.10 [57]

16 Garnet Lake [49] Greenland 107.37 ~ 100.00 [50]

Predicted Grade vs Final Mining Data

Predicted Grade by Source(Different sampling provided similar results)

Kimberlite, reference Country, region Predicted grade (cpht)

1). Victor, [9] Victor, [10]

Ontario, Canada Ontario, Canada

41.53 43.97

2). Gulf, [9] Gulf, [10]

Ontario, Canada Ontario, Canada

6.537.29

3). Udachnaya, [15] Udachnaya, [40]

Yakutia, RussiaYakutia, Russia

65.99 65.01

4). Yubileinaya, [15] Yubileinaya, [40]

Yakutia, Russia Yakutia Russia

71.2569.05

5). Botuobinskaya, [37] Botuobinskaya, [40]

Yakutia, Russia, Yakutia, Russia

86.87 97.32

6). Osenniaya, [15] Osenniaya, [40]

Yakutia, Russia Yakutia, Russia

61.1068.84

7). Komsomolskaya, [15] Komsomolskaya, [40]

Yakutia, Russia Yakutia, Russia

67.24 60.27 8). Yuzhnaya, [84] Pryazov’e, Ukraine

60.41 Yuzhnaya, [85] Pryazov’e, Ukraine 60.41

Concluding Remarks

Proposed a low cost universal revolutionary system which can save millions of budget dollars can be used as a valuable exploration tool for quick and reliable calculation of real kimberlite diamond grade from any continent

It is proven to be over 90% accurate in predicting

the carats yield of sample ores based on the standard geochemistry of 100+ garnet grains extracted randomly from a kimberlite concentrate picked at any site within a kimberlite pipe; no special expensive analyzes needed.

It is possible to avoid slow, expensive and labour-

consuming current method of bulk sampling.

References (quotations)

1. Hi Igor,

Many thanks for sending me the copy of your diamond grade method. It looks great with excellent agreement for the mines where data is available. A nice piece of work.

Sincerely

Ken

Professor Kenneth D. Collerson,Establishment Director, Advanced Centre for Queensland University Isotope Research Excellence (ACQUIRE)Professor of Earth Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, Qld, 4072AUSTRALIA

Wed, May 19, 2010 2:10:32 AM RE: kimberlite diamond exploration

References

2. “Multivariate analysis of garnet compositions (Igor Kryvoshlyk,

personal communication) indicates that the diamond potential for

these kimberlites (Elliott county, Kentucky, USA) is very low (0-6

cpht). This is consistent with geothermobarometric calculations,

which suggest equilibration at relatively shallow depths (~26 kbar)

and high temperatures (>1100°C), well within the field of graphite

stability.”

Quotation from: GEOLOGY OF THE ELLIOTT COUNTY KIMBERLITE,

KENTUCKY. Prejeant, K., et al, Department of Geography &

Geology, Eastern Kentucky University. 2011 GSA Annual Meeting in

Minneapolis (9–12 October 2011) Paper No. 39-32

(quotations)

3. Igor, Most outstanding research! This is a cutting edge discovery that will revolutionize the diamond industry as we know it…  This system of evaluation could prove to be very helpful

Perry KsyniukPresident Adamas Minerals Corp.Prince Albert, SK1 306 961 2824 cell1 306 764 0429 office

From: "galacia@sasktel.net" <galacia@sasktel.net>To: ikryvoa481@rogers.com Sent: Monday, January 23, 2012 12:10:38 PMSubject: Universal Diamond Exploration System UDES

References (quotations)

4. Original message (in Russian):

“Здравствуй Игорь,

Тут недалеко от Манчары в 6 км, разбурили еще одно кимберлитовое тело. Пока называется АН-10. Спектр гранатов несколько отличается от Манчары. Если тебе интересно, посчитай по своей методике. Мне кажется она очень перспективная”

Translation:

“Hello Igor,

Not far from Manchary (kimberlite, Yakutia, Russia), in 6 km, the another kimberlite body is discovered. So far they call it AN-10. Garnet spectrum is a little bit different from Manchary. If it is of interest for you try to calculate it (diamond grade) using your method. It seems a very perspective to me”

Dr. A. P. Smelov Former Director, Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science. Yakutsk, Russia. E-mail: a.p.smelov@diamond.ysn.ru. Phone: (4112) 44 57 14Sunday, May 13, 2012, 7:25:20 pm

References (quotation)

References (quotation)

Regards,

Patrick Cheetham, Executive Chairman, Sunrise Resources plcSilk Point, Queens Avenue, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 2BB, United Kingdompat.cheetham@sunriseresourcesplc.com Direct line: +44 (0) 845 868 4582Switchboard: +44 (0) 845 868 4590Fax: +44 (0) 845 838 559

5. Igor,

You are right - there is no way to be sure any calculations are correct until the project is mined (as with all estimates) and in this case we may never know…but your estimate in this case is consistent with our own thoughts about this kimberlite based on multiple sources of information.

I am intrigued by your methods and…I would be interested to use it in future as a corroborative tool.

6. Hello Igor, following a preliminary look at your paper it looks extremely interesting… …Again, thank you for a most interesting paper which I will enjoy studying in detail…

Peter Gregory. Owner, Lonart Pty Ltd. Pert Area, Australia.

Email: gpg@westnet.com.auSent: Friday, July 19, 2013 10:25:47 PM

References (quotation)

References (quotation)

7. Dear Igor,

 

Thanks for calculations you made for Ermakovsky kimberlite. The data are very

interesting and worthy to be known by Russian geologists. That is why I suggest

to write the short paper with your co-authorship on Kola and Ukrainian "low-

grade" or "barren" kimberlites and their reassessment using your calculations.

  

Best regards,

Dmitry Zozulya

Senior research scientist

Geological Institute

Kola Science Centre

14 Fersman St, 184209 Apatity

Russia

 

Peter Gregory. Owner, Lonart Pty Ltd. Pert Area, Australia. gpg@westnet.com.auSunday, July 21, 2013 4:13:13 AM

8. Hello Igor, some most intriguing and original hypothesis.  The kind of

“spacial” thinking is something Russian scientists are very good and I’ve

seen interesting maps produced by them in Siberia but nothing quite as

good as your  ideas…

…Most interesting work and ideas you have, thank you for sharing them…

…Again, thank you for a most interesting paper which I will enjoy studying in detail…

References (quotation)

 9. Dear Igor,

Your System is so revolutionary !

You're a thinker from another planet !

Verdi Scholtemeyer, Director of Kimberlite Explorations

Brookfield Diamond Mining & Esanro Kimberlite Explorations

Embalenhle Area, South Africa

Mon. July 29, 2013 at 3:34 AM

E-mail: verdisc@gmail.com

References (quotation)

Reference 10. Dear Igor Kryvoshlyk,

My name is Bram Janse… As many other diamond exploration geologists I have been struggling to

understand the worldwide distribution of diamondiferous kimberlites and constructed maps with many photo lineaments, circles, zones, etc. but never achieved a satisfactory result…

…I was impressed by your spiderweb especially the construction of polygons to define favourable areas within a field… I like your garnet diagram. It does achieve a clear separation of eclogitic garnets which has always been a sore point…

With sincere regards, Bram Janse. (Bram is a distinguished geologist and chartered engineer internationally recognized for his expertise and long-term association with the diamond exploration industry. His experience spans more than 45 years of mineral exploration, specializing in diamond exploration on all continents .) Paramount Mining Corporation Ltd(618) 93285600  Ph(618) 93284430  FAX

Sun, March 15, 2009 3:41:43 AM

INVESTOR”S VOICE

LUCAPA DIAMOND COMPANY (LOM). HOTCOPPER.

Mathematical diamond grade (quotations)

1sharetrader1: After reading the link bbuster supplied in post number 13941321

I got so excited about trying to work out a kimberlite diamond grade using igor kryvoshlyk's system of a mathematical kimberlite diamond grade…

Date: 08/09/14

Time: 23:41:14

Post #: 13943471. He is very approachable i would presume and a genius

like that needs to be a friend of this thread. bbuster

Date: 09/09/14

Time: 02:38:07

Post #: 13943607. Agree dazzaa like to see him join the lom thread. Im sure he would have lots to bring to the table like many posters here already do.....now bungy interact with him on that site,i joined last night and read his theories till 1.30am ..he is the real deal. As you can see from the below snapshot of my directory, I took Igor's theory seriously, so I downloaded his power point preso back in Dec last year Mathematics is a pure science, and that's one of the reasons why I liked his approach. I'm not sure if we have sufficient data on the garnets for Igor to do his calculations just yet…

He'd be the type of guy who would love to prove his theory on a kimberlite the size of Se251. Like they say bigger is better, and that certainly applies here.