Materi 7 : Motivating and Managing People and Groups in Business Organizations
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Transcript of Materi 7 : Motivating and Managing People and Groups in Business Organizations
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Motivating and Managing
People and Groups in
Business Organizations
2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All RightResere!.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Introduction to Business
Chapter Seven
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
1. Understand the nature and sources of work motivation andappreciate motivation is under the voluntary control of anemployee.
2. Describe five different theories of work motivation andidentify how they work together to determine workmotivation.
3. Identify the characteristics of groups and teams anddistinguish between important types of groups and teams.
4. !plain the factors that create high"performance groups andteams.
#. Identify the sources of organi$ational conflict and understandhow bargaining and negotiation is used to resolve conflicts
between people and groups.
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
% very company strives to produce and market the kind
of goods customers want so it can generate high
revenues and profits to benefit all its stockholders
% & critical determinant of a company's ability to
motivate is its human resources
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Managing People
% (eaders try to influence and persuadeemployees to develop work behaviors and
attitudes that lead to increased efficiency and
effectiveness
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Chapter 7Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Managing People
% )he principal determinant of employees' desireand willingness to work hard and perform at a
high level is their work motivation
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Motivating
% mployee performance may be minimal* proactive
performing effectively and efficiently* or below minimumlevel
% valuate the role of leadership in the
+ontainer ,torevideo and relate to influence andcommunication
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Motivating% mployees know if they do not perform at the
minimum level they risk being punished or sanctioned
and this may motivate them to put in enough effort to
perform at the minimum level
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Motivating% (eaders need to know or understand what motivates
employees to perform at a high level and then create a
workplace that contains these motivators
7 !
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Chapter 7Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Motivating% -aslow's hierarchy of needs state unsatisfied needs
motivate people to satisfy their needs.
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business OrganizationsMotivating
% valuate the illustrationand e!plain the hierarchy and
relate to motivation theory
7 "
http://choo.fis.utoronto.ca/FIS/Courses/LIS1230/LIS1230sharma/motive1.htmhttp://choo.fis.utoronto.ca/FIS/Courses/LIS1230/LIS1230sharma/motive1.htm -
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Expectancy theory% &rgues that work motivation is eual to the effort to
performance linkage and performance to valued
outcome linkage from the employee's
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Expectancy theory% )he implication for managers is they need to identify
the factors in the work situation that weaken the effort
to performance linkage and reduce motivation
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Expectancy theory
% -anagers also need to center on the need to prove toemployees there is a strong /ob performance to
outcome linkage
% &n incentive system is a good e!ample of
strengthening this linkage
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
% &dditional motivation theories include goal"setting
suggests the goals used to assess /ob performance need
five properties to be successful
% )hese properties are specific* challenging* and
measurable* results oriented* and specify a time frame
for completion% valuate the illustration of mployee -otivationand
relate to managing people and groups
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http://www.accel-team.com/motivationhttp://www.accel-team.com/motivation -
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Motivating
% 0oal setting properties
% ,pecific
% +hallenging
% -easurable
% esults oriented
% ,pecify a time frame for completion
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Management by Objectives
% -anagers can use goal"setting theory to increase
employee motivation by developing a management by
ob/ectives -5 work performance review system
% valuate the illustration of -and relate to
managing people and groups
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http://www.1000ventures.com/business_guide/mgmt_mbo_main.htmlhttp://www.1000ventures.com/business_guide/mgmt_mbo_main.html -
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Equity Theory% 6ocuses on employee's perception of fairness of
manager's evaluation and reward of their /ob
performance
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Equity Theory
% )hese perceptions of fairness determine how
motivated employees will be to perform at the same or
a high level in the future and an employee's desire to
be absent from work or to search for a new /ob
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Equity Theory% &rgues that employees perceptions that managers are
accurately measuring their /ob performance and
distributing rewards in a fair way is a crucial factor in
determining work motivation
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Equity Theory
% eveals employees' perceptions about the value of the
rewards they receive are affected by their perceptions
about the value of the rewards other is receiving aswell
% valuate the illustration of this theory"" relate tomotivating people Define fair and perception5
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http://www.businessballs.com/adamsequitytheory.htmhttp://www.businessballs.com/adamsequitytheory.htm -
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Job Enrichment
% )o encourage employees to perform at a higher level
and be more satisfied with their work* researcherssuggest manager should design /obs so that they offer
employees greater rewards or desired outcomes
% valuate 7ob nrichment 8ideos 1 9 4and relate to
motivating and managing
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http://ollie.dcccd.edu/mgmt1374/book_contents/4directing/motivatg/Herzberg.htmhttp://ollie.dcccd.edu/mgmt1374/book_contents/4directing/motivatg/Herzberg.htm -
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Groups
% )eams are collective and groups are linear whileemployee's interaction is minimal if any
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Groups
% )here are advantages in using groups and teams only
when managers design and manage groups correctly
% :hen groups or teams become too large problems
arise that detract from the groups performance
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Evaluate the role of motivation andmanagement in the Busfieldsvideo and
relate to groups in business organizations
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Groups% )he lack of conflict in an organi$ation suggests a lack
of creativity with too much emphasis on conformity
and the stifling of innovation and new ideas
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Groups% +onflict occurs inter"group and intra"group while
competing for resources and incompatible rewards
and goals and comple! task interdependencies
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Chapter 7
Motivating and Managing People and Groups in
Business Organizations
Groups
%;egotiation and bargaining tactics make compromise
more like likely
" emphasi$e common goals
" focus on the problem* not the people
" create opportunities for /oint gain" focus on what is fair