Master Plan Review by SPA Vijayawada

XV Annual NOSPlan Convention

School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada

Safe cities are the cities which ensures safe living environment for its citizens.

Safe living environment

Crime free

Safety from natural

disasters

Safety from human made

disasters

Adequate health care

facilities

Sanitation facilities

Pollution free air and

water

Safety on road

Safety of pedestrians

Safety of Dependent Population

Safety for differently

abled Why we are talking about safe cities?• Security of citizens has

become more critical as cities and their infrastructure evolve.

• As city gets bigger (urbanization) = more and more anonymous threats.

• Increasing pressure on local authorities to cope with expected and unexpected security threats against citizens.


Vijayawada

INTRODUCTION TO CASE AREA (VIJAYAWADA)

CITY AT GLANCE:

LOCATION: The city is situated at the foot of a low range hills on the northern bank of the river Krishna with its cardinal points as 16° 31’ North latitude and 80° 37’ East longitude, around 70 km away from the coast.

LANDLAY AND TOPOGRAPHY: The land lay of Vijayawada is characterized by four canals, four hills and the holy river Krishna.

• 3rd largest city of Andhra Pradesh.• Important commercial and transport center of state.• It has the biggest and busiest railway junction in

Southern India and one of the biggest bus terminal of Country.

• It is known for historic Kanak Durga Temple, Prakasham Barriage and Railway Wagon Workshop.

Area 61.88 km2

Population 1048240 (CENSUS OF INDIA 2011)

Population Density 16940 ppkm2 Vijayawada City

Krishna DistrictAndhra PradeshIndia


LIMITATIONS OF STUDY:• A master plan for Vijayawada was prepared in 1969, since then no master plan was made.• Development in Vijayawada is guided by Zonal Development Plan(ZDP) – 2006.• Currently VGTM-UDA is preparing revised master plan for Vijayawada with major contribution of SPA-V and other

agencies.• Considering ZDP-2006 as the only available document, it has been reviewed with respect to the theme.

ISSUES WITHIN CASE AREA

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION RELATED ISSUES

BUILTFORM RELATED ISSUES

CRIME AND SAFETY

DEGRADING AIR QUALITY

DEGRADING WATER QUALITY

DESIGN RELATED ISSUES

POOR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION

INCREASING ROAD ACCIDENTS

CONGESTION

ENCHROACHMENT ON HILLS

ENCHROACHMENT ON FLOOD BANKS

DEFORESTATION

LANDSLIDE


AIR POLLUTION

Solution: Solutions for moderating SPM and RSPM levels could be in the form of adopting cleaner technology options.

S.No. Parameter Existing Standard Exceedence Factor

1 RSPM 100 80 1.26

2 SPM 264 213 1.24

3 SO2 3 67 0.05

4 NOx 60 67 0.90

Source: CPCB, APPCB

Table: Pollution Levels: Vijayawada, 2003 Units in ppm

S.No. Parameter Existing Standard Exceedence Factor

1 RSPM 95.6 80 1.2

2 SPM 321 213 1.5

3 SO2 3.4 67 0.05

4 NOx 64 67 0.95Source: CPCB, APPCB

Table: Pollution Levels: Vijayawada, 2012 Units in ppm

WATER POLLUTION

Canal Sewage outfall

Daily discharge

Bandar Canal 5 15

Ryves Canal 8 25

Eluru Canal 18 22

Table: Daily discharge in canals, 2012

Source: Pollution Prevention for irrigation canals in Vijayawada-Wilbur Smith Associates.

Issues: • The DO level of the three canals is less than 6 ppm.• Nearly 10% (50-75 tonnes) of the solid wastes generated in the city is

dumped on the canal banks.

Proposal: • There are already proposals for 7 Sewage Treatment Plants along the

three canals of the city• Better solid waste management techniques in terms of collection and

disposal

PROVISIONS FOR ABOVE ISSUES IN ZDP

Benz Circleintersection

Ramavarappadu Ring

BRTS Junction

Prakasham Barrage Intersection (Temple Point)

Major accident prone intersections and Problematic Intersections

TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION RELATED ISSUES

Design problems and weak traffic management leads to increase in number of accidents, congestion and pollution.


PROPOSALS

SHORT TERM PROPOSALS• Traffic management

measures(road marking, traffic signs etc.)

• Traffic engineering measures (design of intersections)

MEDIUM TERM PROPOSALS• Improvement of roads.

LONG TERM PROPOSALS• Ring road proposals• Flyover• Bridges• New roads for new areas


BUILT-FORM RELATED ISSUES

CRIME AND SAFETY RELATED ISSUES

• In year 2011 Andhra Pradesh has reported 42.7% cases of sexual harassment against women

• Out of which 18% of cases of eve-teasing is reported in Vijayawada only.

• In year 2010, Vijayawada was considered as most unsafe city for women (according to NCRB’s annual report 2010)

ZPD has failed to address these issues, which needed to be considered in revised master plan.

These issues are discussed in detail in further slides.

• Encroachment on hills is inviting the problem of landslide, which can lead to heavy loss of life and property.

• Every year some of the areas (encroached on flood plains) get affected by heavy water flow in river and canal which is ignored in ZDP.

• The old city is highly dense commercial and residential colony, which in case of fire can lead to loss of life and property.


Case areas

Case area 1: Encroachments on Indrakiladri and Winchipet Hill

Case area 2 : Bundameru Flood bank

Case area :3 Auto Nagar

Build form related

Crime related

Environmental related


Case area 1: Encroachments on Indrakiladri and Winchipet Hill

• Encroachment on the hills

• Major commercial centre of the city • The hill is about 250m high and the encroachments is till 180m

• Narrow streets

• Improper electric lines

Source: primary survey 2013

Landslide areas Population 6584

Population Density 2294 p/sq.km

Area 2.87 sq.km

Total Household s 1646

Occupation Formal and informal activities at one town

Housing Typology Mix of kucha and semi pucca

Encroachment Encroached area profile

Indrakiladri Hill

Winchipet Hill

One Town

• Problems in parking

Railway station

Indrakiladri Hill

Population 1780

Population Density 2119 p/sq.km

Area 0.84 sq.km

Total Households 445

Occupation Formal and informal activities at Besent Rd

Housing Typology Mix of kucha and semi pucca houses


2009 flood affected area of Bundameru

Settlements along Bundameru river

Case area 2: Bundameru Flood plainArea Profile

• Lack of sanitation facilities

• Sewerage discharge channels open into the river, leading to polluting the river

• Encroachments along the river bank narrow down the natural passage of the river


Case area 3: Auto Nagar

Crime against women

2011 2012

Harassment, eve-teasing & attacks

35 55

Chain-snatching 9 16

Rape cases 1 0

Source: patamata police station

• Deserted situation during nights

• Less lighting and absence of activities at night

Auto Nagar Industrial area

Bandar rd

100 ft rd

• Dominance of land-use [industrial area-active during day but turns off by the evening]

• lack of street lights

• Abutting land-uses alongside road. [vacant area, big walls, bushes and weeds for long interval]

Reported crime in the area


SUGGESTIONS:

• Mixed land-uses has to be proposed on the peripheral areas.

• All streets in crime prone areas must provide proper lighting in night.

• Land-use along railway line has to be carefully addressed.

• Improving public transportation, especially in peripheral areas.

• Feminist angle of thinking has to be intrude at local level planning has to be the one of the objectives to achieve the aim of safe city.

TO BE INCLUDED: Areas prone to crime, Crime against children and old age group

Master Plan Review by SPA Vijayawada

Education

Transcript of Master Plan Review by SPA Vijayawada