【Column 1】What is a read error (including CRC error)?

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【Column 2】What is a read/retry function?

Clone Recovery Edition

It refers to an error when input and output signals do not match.

Analog signal read by head from HDD platter is converted to digital signal in an A/D

convertor containing combined integral and differential circuits and logical circuits.

If level of signal output from the head changes but integrating and differentiating

constants remain the same, error occurs.

　・Signals from adjoining tracks may act as noise.

There are following possible factors that can cause head output signal to change.

　・Head / platter characteristics change with time (deterioration / damage).

　・Head flying height changes.

　・Off-track (offset) occurs.

HDD is equipped with a function which automatically tries to correct read errors

when they occur.

Basic read/retry function.

　・Return head to origin, adjust head position and flying height.

Sector

Positioningmark

Track

Platter

Head arm

Ball bearing

Head

Hard disk drive

Control board

Hostcomputer

Control module

Preamp

Demodulationcircuit

Controller

VCM drive circuit

●HDD Structure

●MASAMUNE Clone Recovery Edition Algorithm・ Avoid retry operation on sector where read error occurs using proprietary algorithm.1）Initial setting (default).　Detect unreadable (Failed Read) sectors using the algorithm.

*Please read the user manual before using MASAMUNE Clone software.*Depending on media condition creation of Clone may be impossible.*Specifications and design of MASAMUNE products may be modified for improvement without prior notice.

2)Make recovery of sectors the priority, clone the disk from rear to front. (Behind mode)

Unreadable sectors

Note: the proprietary algorithm is submitted for international patent application not only for softwareduplication but in much more wider area.