Market Analysis of Brightmoor - Taubman College of ...
Transcript of Market Analysis of Brightmoor - Taubman College of ...
Market Analysis of Brightmoor December 3, 2008
Abigail Newcomer
Lindsey Miller
Jesse Fernandes
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Executive Summary In order to identify market potential in Brightmoor, two market analyses were conducted on points in the Detroit, Michigan community. These analyses were conducted using data from two websites that provide GIS mapping and modeling, ESRI and DemographicsNow, and were focused on Fenkell Avenue, at its intersections with Burt and Lahser Streets. They identify consumer spending in a number of categories, by residents living in .5 mile, 1 mile and 2 mile radii. The data revealed lower than county and national average spending in Brightmoor that coincides with its lower than average household income and levels of educational attainment. It provided evidence that the community could not support large scale economic development projects such as a full scale grocery or department store. However, it revealed strong industries, including those for food, apparel and in‐home entertainment, whose higher demand might support pointed commercial development in these areas.
Introduction The Brightmoor neighborhood originated in the 1920’s to meet the housing demand in Detroit. Developer Burt Eddy Taylor built inexpensive, single‐family homes for the southern, white migrant population recruited from Appalachia to work in Detroit's auto industry. In 1925, the neighborhood, which had approximately 11,000 residents, was incorporated into the city of Detroit. Today, the Brightmoor neighborhood is a 4‐square‐mile area located in Northwest Detroit. The physical boundaries include: Puritan Street on the north, Fullerton Street on the south, Telegraph Road on the west, and Evergreen Road/Westwood Street on the east. Adjacent neighborhoods include the Grandmont and Rosedale Park neighborhoods to the east, and Redford Township to the west.
Figure 1. Location Map. Adapted from cityscape.org and goodbrightmoor.org
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Community Organizations There are several organizations dedicated to serving the Brightmoor community by focusing on community needs. In 2000, the Brightmoor Alliance was formed, and currently lists 33 non‐profit and faith‐based organizations as members. The Alliance was created to combine resources and efforts in addressing community needs. Top priorities for the Alliance include: schools, employment, safety, housing, human services, shopping and recreation. An active member of the Alliance, Northwest Detroit Neighborhood Development (NDND) is a community‐based neighborhood organization that focuses on building affordable housing within Brightmoor. They have built over 200 homes and renovated 30 more.The group’s area of focus includes homeownership, economic development, and support of resident empowerment, and it has been active in implementing these goals through collaboration and innovative programming. This market analysis serves as a supporting document for their work in economic and commercial redevelopment within the neighborhood. Homeownership The physical state of the neighborhood ranges from well‐maintained homes to vacant properties. Although the current homeownership rate is up to 80% in some areas, the number of housing units declined 14% from 1990 to 2000. Brightmoor has a proportionately higher number of renters than Detroit. In 2000, 55% of housing was renter occupied, and 45% was owner occupied, whereas the overall renter percentage for the city of Detroit was 50%. The percent of foreclosures was also higher in Brightmoor, which had 50% rate of subprime mortgage loans compared to 30% in Wayne County and Redford Township.
%55 Brightmoor Renters
%45 Brightmoor Homeowners
Figure 2. Brightmoor Homeownership
Community Assets Pockets of quality housing and plentiful greenspace Despite economic trouble owing to the downsizing of the auto industry, there are a number of assets within Brightmoor. Certain areas have maintained a high percentage of home ownership and well‐maintained housing units. The neighborhood contains 400 acres of parkland, including the Eliza Howell Park and Stoepel Park, which are linked via the Lyndon Greenway.
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Major transportation corridors and commuter customer base Several major thoroughfares pass through Brightmoor. Interstate 96 bisects the neighborhood along Schoolcraft Road and carries approximately 120,000 cars each day.1 Schoolcraft Road carries 10,000 cars daily. The eastern and western borders of Brightmoor, Telegraph and Evergreen, carry 60,000 and 30,000 cars each day, respectively. The traffic volume provides a potential customer base that supplements the Brightmoor residential population. Demographic Information The total residential population in Brightmoor in 2007 was 20,141. This is down from its peak population in 1980 of 31,000. The following graphics illustrate the demographic makeup of Brightmoor according to the market analysis website Demographics Now. The areas listed are: household income, percent of households by persons, age, race, and educational level. These areas are determined by the University of Wisconsin Cooperative Extension2 to be most important to the analysis of an area in terms of its composition and expenditures. Household Income In 2007, nearly twenty‐five percent of Brightmoor residents had annual incomes less than $15,000. The household income typically correlates with retail expenditures but is not reliable as a sole measure. Nor does it indicate whether the needs of the community are being met in terms of retail.
Figure 3. Brightmoor Household Income
In 2007, the aggregate income for Brightmoor residents was $280 million. That same year, Social Compact performed a market study for Brightmoor and revealed that there is unmet demand, particularly in the areas of grocery, clothing stores, and restaurants. The table below compares the
1 Doherty et al. “A Land Use Plan for Brightmoor.” Urban and Regional Planning Program. Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. April 2008. http://reserves.umdl.umich.edu/doc.php?pdf=000091675 2 Barman, Todd, JD Milburn and Matt Kures. “Downtown and Business District Market Analysis Guidebook.” CCED, University of Wisconsin Extension (UWEX) and the Wisconsin Main Street Program of the Wisconsin Department of Commerce. 14 October 2008. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/CCED/downtowns/dma/1.cfm
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amount of dollars spent by Brightmoor residents versus the amount spent within Brightmoor, and what this translates to is potential square footage of retail space. Potential square footage of retail space is a measure of the amount of extra commercial space an area can support.
Table 1. Expenditures of Brightmoor Residents in 2007
Total Spent
Spent Outside of Brightmoor
Estimated Square Feet Potential
All Grocers $19,300,000 $17,000,000 48,951
Apparel $9,500,000 $8,700,000 25,689
Restaurants $13,800,000 $12,000,000 51,522
All Retail $87,200,000 $55,500,000
* Numbers include areas east of neighborhood boundaries
Percent of Households by Persons/Household Brightmoor mainly consists of one‐ and two‐person households such as young adults living alone and single parent households.
Figure 4. Persons per Household
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Population by Age The age of Brightmoor residents is fairly young; nearly 30 percent of Brightmoor residents are between the ages of five and nineteen. The second largest age group is 35‐44 years. There are fewer elderly residents (65+ years of age) than most every other age category. Expenditures typically vary with the age of the consumer. Retailers targeting a specific age group may want to examine a more detailed breakdown of ages to determine how quickly the composition will change.
Figure 5. Population by Age
Population by Race In terms of market study, ethnicity often influences consumer preferences. The majority of the population in Brightmoor is African American (77.5%). The second most common race is white (18.5%). There is very little representation of other ethnicities within the neighborhood.
Figure 6. Population by Race
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Educational Attainment Most Brightmoor residents are high school graduates and approximately 23% have completed a college degree. Educational attainment is typically indicative of income. Based on educational and income levels in Brightmoor, the population is mainly high school educated with salaries that are equivalent to their educational level.
Figure 7. Education of Population over 25 years of age
In 2007 Social Compact, a national non‐profit, created a market breakdown for Brightmoor. The chart below provides figures on market size and strength from the report. The 2006 trend projection from the 2000 Census underestimated the market in Brightmoor. The 2007 total population, average and median household income, and aggregate neighborhood income were higher than anticipated. It appears that market conditions in Brightmoor have strengthened where they were expected to weaken. This is a positive trend that stands out in the negative perception of the Detroit market.
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Market Size
2007 Drilldown
2006 Trend Projection
2000 CensusComparison Drilldown/
Trend Projection
Total Population 20,141 18,953 20,044 6.30%
Population per Acre 8.0 7.6 8.0
Total # of Households 6,855 6,442 6,925 6.40%
Market Strength
2007 Drilldown
2006 Trend Projection
2000 CensusComparison
Drilldown/Trend Projection
Avg. Household Income $40,840 36,871 $34,074 10.80%
Median Household Income $28,815 $28,496 $26,788 1.10%
Aggregate Neighborhood Income $280 Million $237.5 Million$236.0 Million 17.90%
% Informal Economy 5.90%
Table 2. Market Size and Strength figures created by Social Compact
Overall, the demographic composition of Brightmoor is a young, African American population of high school graduates that earns $15,000 per year on average and lives in one to two person households. The community has many renters and sees an abundance of commuter traffic through its streets each day. The community has exceeded the 2006 projections on its population, income and number of households. Two Intersections selected for further study Many community groups exist to help residents work toward goals of increased homeownership, and economic development. This market analysis examines two sites in detail, Burt Street and Fenkell Avenue, and Lahser Road and Fenkell Avenue based on initial recommendations in the Brightmoor Land Use Plan. These sites are located eight blocks apart on the Fenkell Avenue corridor and are possible locations for commercial redevelopment in the community.
Figure 8. The intersections of Lahser and Burt on Fenkell Avenue
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Fenkell Avenue was one of the original business corridors in the community until economic trouble and decreasing population densities made it difficult to support an entire corridor. Both sites currently host a number of small businesses making them suitable for further development as business cores. An inventory of existing businesses at each location is shown below.
Lasher Road and Fenkell Avenue Burt Street and Fenkell Avenue
Grandy’s Coney Island Post Office Marathon Gas Thea Bowman Health ClinicLiquor Store Paulie’s HardwareTire Store NDND Office
Auto Parts Store Liquor Store Gold Trading Store
This study will also determine if Brightmoor follows the “new market” theory, which estimates that inner city neighborhoods are often underserved in terms of services and retail options. This theory often refers to densely populated neighborhoods, and may not be true for Brightmoor, which has lost a significant portion of its population since the 1980’s.
Table 3. List of businesses for two study sites
The market analysis will examine what exactly is being purchased by residents living near the intersections of Lahser Road and Fenkell Avenue and Burt Road and Fenkell Avenue. Performing a market analysis for these two locations will provide critical information on what the residents located near these intersections currently buy. This information can be used by NDND, or other organizations, to make guided judgments on what types of businesses will succeed in the Brightmoor market.
Market Analysis The following data compares the areas surrounding the intersections of Burt Street and Fenkell Avenue (BF), and Lahser Road and Fenkell Avenue (LF), using two market analysis tools, ESRI and Demographics Now. In the ESRI data, consumer goods and service expenditures are expressed both as an average figure per family per month within .5 mile, 1 mile and 2 mile radii, and as a Spending Potential Index (SPI).3 “SPI compares the average expenditure for a product locally to the average amount spent nationally. An index of 100 is average. An SPI of 120 shows that average spending by local consumers is 20 percent above the national average.”4 SPI is a useful tool when comparing Brightmoor expenditures with nationwide expenditures. In 1997, the median household income at both locations was approximately $31,000. That same year, the median household income nationwide was approximately $50,233.5 Hence, Brightmoor residents made approximately 62% of the annual income that the average American. For this reason, SPI values above 62 may be significant because they indicate a category in which Brightmoor residents spent a higher percentage than the national average on products. 3 2008 Methodology Statement – ESRI Consumer Spending. ESRI 380 New York St., Redlands, CA. www.esri.com. 4 2008 Methodology Statement – ESRI Consumer Spending. ESRI 380 New York St., Redlands, CA. www.esri.com. 5 Census Bureau.
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The Demographics Now data (provided in Appendix A) also reflects Consumer Spending patterns within .5 mile, 1 mile and 2 mile radii, and compares Consumer Spending in Brightmoor to average spending figures for Wayne County. In addition to basic consumer spending patterns, this analysis identifies demographic patterns, revealed in the Demographics Now Reports.
Demographics Now Dynamic Population Density Map:
Red: Above 10500 Orange: 5400 to 10500 Peach: 2800 to 5400 Yellow: 1475 to 2800 White: Below 1475 Green: Greenspace
Figure 9. A map of the population density surrounding the intersection of Burt Street and Fenkell Avenue. The intersection of Fenkell Avenue and Lahser Road is located approximately eight blocks to the west of the star on this map.
Consumer Spending Potential:
Table 4. BF 2007 Consumer Expenditures (Average Household Annual Expenditures)
0.5 Miles: 1 Mile: 2 Miles: Wayne County
Total Households 1,688 6,885 24,694 722,438
Median Household Income $32,129 $40,726 $46,089 $49,611
Total Average Household Expenditure $36,725 $41,552 $44,521 $47,150
Table 5. LF 2007 Consumer Expenditures (Average Household Annual Expenditures)
0.5 Miles: 1 Mile: 2 Miles: Wayne County
Total Households 1,376 6,022 22,932 722,438
Median Household Income $30,838 $35,715 $46,945 $49,611
Total Average Household Expenditure
$37,249 $38,299 $22,932 $47,150
Consumer Expenditures: Consumer expenditures are lower across the board than average expenditures nationwide. Both median area income and household expenditures in these Brightmoor locations are significantly
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lower within the immediate vicinity (.5 mile) than they are in the neighborhood (2 mile radius). Expenditures in both of the focus areas are significantly lower than average expenditures for Wayne County. This makes sense since median household income in the neighborhood is between three and nineteen thousand dollars lower than in Wayne County, with the dearth being even greater between Brightmoor and national median income. However, even with lower consumer expenditures, it is possible for resident spending on certain types of items to be concentrated in the neighborhood, and support limited commercial growth. As Porter’s “New Markets” theory purports, this is likely because, while the neighborhood resident incomes may be lower on average, the sheer number of people populating the area could increase profits for commercial industries.6 As the dynamic map above shows, population is fairly dense in the neighborhoods south of Fenkell, near both Burt and Lahser Streets with nearly seven thousand residents living within a mile of the intersections focused upon.
ESRI Consumer Expenditure Patterns Table 6. Burt and Fenkell ESRI Consumer Expenditure Forecasts for 2008
SPI for .5 mile
Radius % Income for .5
mile Radius Avg. Spending .5
mile radius Avg. Spending 1 mile
Radius Avg. Spending 2 mile
Radius Apparel 55 4% $1,481.29 $1,706.14 $1,817.77
Men’s Apparel 54 1% $267.32 $311.55 $334.24 Women’s Apparel 53 1% $497.38 $577.92 $617.36
Children’s Apparel 63 1% $261.67 $294.34 $311.30 Apparel, Products and Services 77 0% $97.83 $108.54 $113.59
Food 65 16% $5,373.49 $6,205.04 $6,632.35
Food at Home 65 9% $3,166.99 $3,648.83 $3,894.24
Food Away from Home 64 6% $2,206.51 $1,202.65 $2,738.11 Transportation 0%Vehicle Purchase 58 9% $3,014.86 $3,580.96 $3,856.36
Gas and Motor Oil 64 5% $1,602.39 $1,857.96 $1,979.64
Vehicle Maintenance & Repairs 60 2% $593.23 $703.08 $760.25
Entertainment 60 6% $2,226.17 $2,669.66 $2,891.16
Fees & Admissions 58 1% $358.81 $443.95 $488.98
TV/Video/Sound Equip 66 3% $941.50 $1,084.34 $613.89
Rental/Repair of TV/Video/Sound Eq. 76 0% $4.45 $4.80 $4.95
Toys & Games 65 0% $97.36 $111.78 $119.25
6 Porter, Michael. “New Strategies for Inner‐City Economic Development,” Economic Development Quarterly. 1997; 11; 9.
http://edq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/11/1/11
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Table 7. Lahser and Fenkell ESRI Consumer Expenditure Forecasts for 2008
SPI for 0.5 Mile
Radius % Income for 0.5
Mile Radius Avg. Spending 0.5
Mile Radius Avg. Spending1 Mile
Radius Avg. Spending 2 Mile
Radius
Apparel 53 4% 1428.53 1499.76 1832.92
Men's 52 1% 257.36 272.81 337.09
Women's 51 1% 476.02 506.32 621.01
Childrens 62 1% 258.77 262.1 316.35 Apparel, Products and
Services 72 0% 91.33 95.85 113.78
Food 62 16% 5184.04 5472.08 6692.34
Food at Home 62 9% 3051.23 3221.95 3926.55
Food Away from Home 62 6% 2132.81 2250.13 2765.79
Transportation 15% 5103.29 5386.48 6659.26
Vehicle Purchases 57 9% 2953.05 3126.13 3894.08
Gasoline and Motor Oil 62 5% 1574.92 1645.36 1997.74 Vehicle Maintenance
and Repairs 58 2% 575.32 614.99 767.44 Tv/Video/Sound
Equipment 64 3% 912.97 959.26 1166.53
Entertainment 58 7% 2,172.25 2326.59 2,919.58
Fees & Admissions 56 1% 349.2 380.21 494.43 Tv/Video/Sound
Equipment 64 3% 912.97 959.26 1,166.53 Rental/Repair of
TV/Video/Sound Eg. 72 0% 4.22 4.31 4.98
Toys & Games 65 0% 96.32 99.12 121.07
Commercial Category Trends: Of all of the categories, the largest amount of spending potential exists in areas where goods are necessities, including food and clothing expenditures. Mortgage, rent and transportation are also significant expenses. The need for transportation services is indicated by the existence of a number of auto bodies still in business in Brightmoor. Specifically, in tables 6 and 7, as well as in the DemographicsNow tables listed in the Appendix, women’s and children’s apparel, and food to be consumed at home and away from home are demanded at higher levels than other expenses. While the SPI for each of these sets of expenditures are between 50 and 60, and therefore still significantly below average spending in the areas, they are higher than in other areas, and represent significant portions of resident’s total income. Apparel: Brightmoor residents spend more money on women’s apparel than on any other type. According to DemographicsNow data, within a two‐mile radius of both intersections, residents spent almost the same amount on apparel as the average expenditure for Wayne County as a whole. While total expenditures on children’s apparel are lower than women’s and men’s apparel, the spending potential index for this type is the highest, which shows that children’s clothing spending is more similar to national spending. This is an indication that children’s clothing could be less expensive and in higher demand than other apparel in Brightmoor. Lastly, the broader category of “apparel, products and services” for the Fenkell and Burt intersection shows a high potential spending index,
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at 77, indicating commercial development should be broad, encompassing many types of apparel, as well as the services that accompany it such as tailoring, laundry and repairs. Food: The demand for food, to be consumed both at home and outside the home, is high. Brightmoor residents spend a higher percentage of their annual income on food than the average Wayne County resident does. Clearly, this is the result of food costs being necessities, regardless of income. The potential spending index is at 65, which is among the highest scores, showing that Brightmoor residents spend their money on food more similarly to those nationwide than other expenses. This is an indication that the first commercial development should be a small food store. Having access to a grocery store nearby could reduce transportation costs and subsequently increase food expenditures. Entertainment: Brightmoor’s market potential for entertainment, including purchases of television and peripheral products like movies, DVDs and cable, is relatively high. The spending potential indices show a disproportionately large amount of spending on rental equipment such as televisions, which indicates there may be a market for a video/DVD rental store. This finding makes sense, considering incomes of residents are lower than national and county averages, and videos and DVDs are the least expensive forms of entertainment listed in the analysis. Instead of spending money on fees and admissions for downtown events, residents might be staying home to watch movies and cable television.
Existing Space for Retail Activity
Paulie’s Thrifty Hardware
Car Wash
New NDND Location, 20868 Fenkell Avenue
A&S Collision (15315 Pierson St)
Brightmoor Coney Island
Figure 10. Burt Street and Fenkell Avenue Intersection
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Burt and Fenkell Intersection: Though many existing structures would need to be repaired before they could be used, Brightmoor contains significant space for commercial redevelopment. There are a number of businesses and a large church anchoring the intersection of Burt Street and Fenkell Avenue. As the map shows, Brightmoor Coney Island is on the northeast corner of Pierson and Fenkell. A & S Collision is on the northwest side. The Fifth Avenue Missionary Baptist Church is also located within the area of analysis, and the location slated to be used by Northwest Detroit Neighborhood Development is located at the southeast corner of Burt and Fenkell. The best infrastructure is on the northwest corner of Fenkell, at the former Paulie’s Thrifty Hardware location. The building was originally a bank, and subsequently held the hardware store until its closing (see images in Appendix B).
Marathon Gas
Liquor storeGrandy’s Coney Island Restaurant
Figure 11. Lahser Road and Fenkell Avenue Intersection
Lahser and Fenkell Intersection: Likewise, the intersection of Lahser Road and Fenkell Avenue also has some existing commercial activity. A liquor store is located at the southeast corner of the intersection. Grandy’s Coney Island Restaurant is adjacent to the liquor store, on the southwest corner. The lot at the northwest corner is empty and located at the northeast corner is a Marathon gas station (see images in Appendix B). While it is clear from the consumer spending projections listed that this intersection could not support a full sized grocery store, due to church, NDND and liquor store traffic, it might be able to support a small grocery or convenience store. The demographic map indicates the area to the south of the intersection is reasonably densely populated, while the area just north is less dense, and might be a site for commercial or residential redevelopment.
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Discussion: Conclusions and Recommendations
Strategic Clustered Development: Similarly to the Doherty Report, a Captstone Project conducted by University of Michigan Students in 2007, we recommend clustered development at either site, starting with a small food store and possibly a multi‐purpose retail store with women and children’s apparel. Focus on Residential Neighborhood South of Fenkell: Because the neighborhood south of Fenkell Avenue is more densely populated than other areas of Brightmoor, the focus should be on development near it. If this development is successful, the area to the North of Fenkell could be reinvented, by rebuilding parks or commercial on vacant and abandoned lots. New Markets Should be Small at First: The circumstance in Brightmoor likely differs from the areas used in studies to identified inner city new markets. Inner city “new markets” are strong due to the density of urban populations; the percentage of resident earnings devoted to retail purchases on necessities such as food, pharmaceuticals, clothing and furniture; and the premium placed on location.7 In this case, it appears there is little evidence of a “new market” in Brightmoor. Rather, developing smaller niche markets in food and retail may be the best first steps. Proximity to Central City is likely not an Advantage: New market locations for retail often possess advantages because they are strategically located close to central cities; integrated within regional business clusters. However, because Detroit’s land mass is so large, Brightmoor may not be in the right location to capitalize on these types of advantages.8 Proximity of Intersections: The proximity of the two intersections precluded an unique, in depth market analysis of each location. We suggest focusing on one intersection; because the intersections are so close, we predict the positive economic benefits created by the development of one intersection would spread to the other.
7 Cuomo, Andrew. “New Markets: The Untapped Retail Buying Power in America’s Inner Cities.” U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Washington, D.C. July 1999. p. 7. 8 Porter, Michael. “New Strategies for Inner‐City Economic Development,” Economic Development Quarterly. 1997; 11; 9. http://edq.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/11/1/11
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Appendix A DemographicsNow Consumer Expenditure Patterns for Burt and Fenkell Intersection:
Table 8. Burt and Fenkell 2007 Consumer Expenditures (Average Household Annual Expenditures)
0.5 Miles 1 Mile 2 Miles Wayne County
Apparel $1,779.62 $2,011.25 $2,143.18 $2,266.46
Women's Apparel $584.02 $664.95 $711.25 $756.19
Men's Apparel $332.88 $378.23 $405.30 $429.02
Food And Beverages $5,848.36 $6,488.81 $6,908.35 $7,243.94
Food At Home $3,179.13 $3,445.51 $3,640.49 $3,770.83
Food Away From Home
$2,253.50 $2,560.58 $2,749.93 $2,915.32
Gasoline And Oil $1,700.13 $1,873.59 $2,009.06 $2,090.35
Gifts $887.50 $1,061.84 $1,147.99 $1,251.35
Household Services $217.48 $259.15 $280.70 $303.73
Household Supplies $541.65 $640.67 $690.44 $745.09
Household Textiles $111.97 $127.94 $138.16 $146.80
Housewares And Small Appliances
$780.56 $904.00 $976.89 $1,042.51
New Vehicle Purchase $1,763.43 $2,058.37 $2,247.45 $2,400.62
Shelter $7,039.67 $8,008.97 $8,577.42 $9,116.87
Transportation $7,356.95 $8,261.25 $8,911.16 $9,376.48
Tuition $726.50 $869.07 $916.85 $993.40
Used Car Purchase $675.07 $726.46 $779.55 $804.65
Used Vehicle Purchase $1,261.81 $1,358.34 $1,458.01 $1,504.68
Vehicle Repair And Maintenance $583.71 $649.83 $696.66 $731.13
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DemographicsNow Consumer Expenditure Patterns for Burt and Fenkell Intersection: Table 9. Lahser and Fenkell 2007 Consumer Expenditures (Average Household Annual Expenditures)
0.5 Miles 1 Mile 2 Miles Wayne County
Apparel $1,814.83 $1,852.12 $2,120.95 $2,266.46
Women's Apparel $595.51 $612.43 $704.55 $756.19
Men's Apparel $1,814.83 $1,852.12 $2,120.95 $429.02
Food and Beverages $5,968.92 $6,082.36 $6,843.88 $7,243.94
Food At Home $3,266.73 $3,294.00 $3,605.54 $3,770.83
Food Away From Home $2,280.55 $2,350.55 $2,725.27 $2,915.32
Gasoline & Oil $1,726.07 $1,765.70 $1,992.58 $2,090.35
Gifts $889.98 $933.76 $1,134.95 $1,251.35
Household Services $216.01 $227.78 $277.52 $303.73
Household Supplies $539.58 $562.72 $682.31 $745.09
Household Textiles $112.65 $116.94 $137.11 $146.80
Housewares & Small Appliances $784.86 $815.42 $968.61 $1,042.51
New Vehicle Purchase $1,757.10 $1,845.13 $2,235.51 $2,400.62
Shelter $7,130.13 $7,335.53 $8,492.05 $9,116.87
Transportation $7,431.33 $7,662.34 $8,842.59 $9,376.48
Tuition $737.72 $755.08 $904.12 $993.40
Used Car Purchase $687.04 $700.35 $772.58 $804.65
Use Vehicle Purchase $1,283.23 $1,308.21 $1,445.18 $1,504.68
Vehicle Repair and Maintenances
$593.81 $608.18 $690.97 $731.13
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Appendix B Images of Development at Burt and Fenkell
Paulie’s Thrifty Hardware, 20900 Fenkell Avenue
Liquor Store at 20882 Fenkell Avenue
New NDND location 20868 Fenkell Avenue
Brightmoor Coney Island Restaurant at the corner of Fenkell and Pierson
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Images of Development at Lahser and Fenkell
Open Lot
Grandy’s Coney Island
Liquor Store
Marathon gas station located at 21740 Fenkell Ave
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