Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau
description
Transcript of Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau
![Page 1: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau
Open Hypermedia as a Navigational Interface to
Ontological Information Spaces
![Page 2: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
OverviewOntological Information
Systems model information very precisely
But can be very difficult for People to access and understand
![Page 3: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Ontologies
• The word “Ontology” denotes the science or study of being
• In Agent Systems an Ontology comprises a vocabulary describing a certain domain
• Ontologies are designed artefacts• Ontologies are a shared understanding of some
domain• Agent-based information management systems are
designed to manipulate ontological information spaces
![Page 4: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SoFAR
• Southampton Framework for Agent Research• In SoFAR, ontologies are organised as a hierarchy based on single inheritance• Terms describe a structure• Predicates describe a relationship between terms
<term name="Person" extends="Entity">
<field type="String" name="title"/>
<field type="String" name="personal"/>
<field type="String" name="family"/>
</term>
![Page 5: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Querying Ontologies
• SoFAR’s query language is based on pattern-matching and requires adding variables and constraints to ontological definitions :
Person("Dr"; "Luc"; "Moreau")Person(?String; "Luc"; ?String)
• Querying terms looks up data• Querying predicates asks a question
InGroup(Person(?String; "Luc"; ?String); ?Group)
![Page 6: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Interface• Composing queries requires an in depth understanding
of the ontology• Keyword search ignores inherent structure of the
information space• Open Hypermedia – link navigation initiates complex
queries in the background. This separates :– the graphical interface– the process of querying– the process of link generation– the ontological information space
![Page 7: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
FOHM
• The Fundamental Open Hypertext Model• Based on the Open Hypermedia Protocol (OHP)
developed by the Open Hypermedia Systems Working Group (OHSWG)
• Extends OHP data model to represent several domains of hypermedia
• SoFAR FOHM Server Agent provides Open Hypermedia Services to SoFAR agents
![Page 8: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Navigational Structure
![Page 9: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
FOHM and Ontologies
![Page 10: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Dynamic C.V.
• Set of Agents that have access to information about our group – publications agent– ECS database agent (phone numbers, group, etc.)– Seminars agent (internal seminars by group members)
• Dynamic C.V. is an agent with a web user interface that queries these agents to build a Curriculum Vitae
![Page 11: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Web Agent sends request to Dynamic C.V.
• User request Info on Person
• C.V. Finds appropriate Query Recipe in LinkServer
• Uses the destinations as queries to the agent cloud
• Converts the resultant terms into XML and passes them to the Annotator
• Annotator searches for query recipes on those terms in the LinkServer
• XML marked up with references to the cache are transformed by XSL and passed back to the browser
• Query recipes are stored in the cache
![Page 12: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Linkbases
• FOHM Associations link terms to potential queries (predicates) over the ontologies in the system :
Src : Person(?String; ?String; ?String)Dest1 : HasEmail(?Person; ?Email)Dest2 : HasPhone(?Person; ?Phone)
• The destinations are used to build each dynamic ‘page’• The Annotator searches for other recipes with the
destinations as sources
![Page 13: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The ‘Query Recipes’
Person HasOffice
HasTelephone
InGroup
IsUserCreates
Seminar
![Page 14: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The ‘Query Recipes’
Person HasOffice
HasTelephone
InGroup
IsUserCreates
Seminar
General C.V. of a person
![Page 15: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The ‘Query Recipes’
Person HasOffice
HasTelephone
InGroup
IsUserCreates
Seminar
A Person’s publications
![Page 16: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The ‘Query Recipes’
Person HasOffice
HasTelephone
InGroup
IsUserCreates
Seminar
A person’s seminars
![Page 17: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What are Wendy’s publications?
![Page 18: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Who else wrote this paper?
![Page 19: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Who is Danius?
![Page 20: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Who else has this phone number?
![Page 21: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Mark J. Weal, Gareth V. Hughes, David E. Millard, Luc Moreau](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051316/568158e9550346895dc62887/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Conclusions
• Separation of Concerns– Ontologies for Information– Hypermedia for Navigation
• Static to Dynamic Documents• Hides complex ontological models• Alternative linkbases• FOHM supports different modes of interaction• New query recipes can be easily added