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CONNECTING MUSIC, MIND AND SPIRITCONNECTING MUSIC, MIND AND SPIRIT

THE AFRICAN AMERICAN SPIRITUAL IN THE AFRICAN AMERICAN SPIRITUAL IN THE KODÁLY MUSIC CLASSROOMTHE KODÁLY MUSIC CLASSROOM

Presented by Dr. Marilyn BrouettePresented by Dr. Marilyn Brouette St. Peter Martyr SchoolSt. Peter Martyr School

International Kodály SymposiumInternational Kodály Symposium Brisbane, AustraliaBrisbane, Australia

July 7, 2011July 7, 2011

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PURPOSE OF PRESENTATIONPURPOSE OF PRESENTATION

Demonstrate use of Spirituals asDemonstrate use of Spirituals as

Quality Primary Source Song MaterialQuality Primary Source Song Material

Effective Tool for Music LiteracyEffective Tool for Music Literacy

Adaptable to Kodály Pedagogical PrinciplesAdaptable to Kodály Pedagogical Principles

Conducive for Movement to Reinforce Core Music ConceptsConducive for Movement to Reinforce Core Music Concepts

Folk Music of the African American ChildFolk Music of the African American Child

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VOICE OF KODÁLYVOICE OF KODÁLY

  “A deeper musical education can at all times develop only where singing forms its basis.  Instruments are for the privileged few.  Only the human voice – canaccessible to all, free of charge, yet the most beautiful of all instruments be the fertile soil of a musical culture extending to all.”

Eösze, L. (1987). Eösze, L. (1987). Zoltán Kodály: His Life in Pictures and Documents,19Zoltán Kodály: His Life in Pictures and Documents,19

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THE SPIRITUAL AS SONGTHE SPIRITUAL AS SONG

Cultivates Lyricism Connects with Emotional Heritage Enhances Neural Development Demonstrates Musical Expressiveness Integrates Performance Practice and

Literacy Fosters Creativity and Improvisation Delineates Musical Patterns and

Expressions Develops Skill in Pentatony

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KODÁLY ON MOVEMENTKODÁLY ON MOVEMENT

Zoltan Kodály

““Singing connected with movements and Singing connected with movements and action is a much more ancient, and, at the action is a much more ancient, and, at the same time, more complex phenomenon than same time, more complex phenomenon than is a simple song” (1951).is a simple song” (1951).

Bónis, F., editor (1974).Bónis, F., editor (1974). Selected Writings of Zoltán Selected Writings of Zoltán Kodály, 46Kodály, 46

THE SPIRITUAL AS DANCETHE SPIRITUAL AS DANCE

Expresses the Intent of the TextExpresses the Intent of the Text Embodies the Spirit of the MusicEmbodies the Spirit of the Music Demonstrates Key Music ConceptsDemonstrates Key Music Concepts

Internalizes the BeatInternalizes the Beat Differentiates RhythmsDifferentiates Rhythms

Creates CommunityCreates Community Articulates Kodaly PrinciplesArticulates Kodaly Principles

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KODÁLY and RHYTHMKODÁLY and RHYTHM

Zoltan Kodály

“The difficulties of rhythm and melody are so complicated that if we do not overcome them one by one, we will never be able to cope with them. First, one must be able to read rhythm...”

Koscar., Music Should Belong to Everyone, 25Koscar., Music Should Belong to Everyone, 25

WHY MOVE?WHY MOVE?

Creates Neural ConnectionsCreates Neural Connections Connects Music and MeaningConnects Music and Meaning Develops Rhythmic AwarenessDevelops Rhythmic Awareness

Differentiates Duration from BeatDifferentiates Duration from Beat Reinforces Melodic ConceptsReinforces Melodic Concepts

Distinguishes Form e.g. ABADistinguishes Form e.g. ABA Delineates PhrasesDelineates Phrases

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KODÁLY KODÁLY Connecting Music, Mind and Spirit Connecting Music, Mind and Spirit

Zoltan Kodály

““Music is the expressive tool of the human Music is the expressive tool of the human soul, which is equally accessible to soul, which is equally accessible to everyone...Music is nourishment and a everyone...Music is nourishment and a comforting elixir. Music multiplies the comforting elixir. Music multiplies the beauty of life and all its values” beauty of life and all its values”

Koscár, (2002). Koscár, (2002). Zoltán Kodály: Music Should Belong to Everyone: Zoltán Kodály: Music Should Belong to Everyone:

120 Quotations from His Writings and Speeches120 Quotations from His Writings and Speeches , 57, 57

MOVEMENT AS A LITERACY TOOLMOVEMENT AS A LITERACY TOOL

How do we know how to move?How do we know how to move?

Analyze the music!Analyze the music!

Then, create movement that suggests Then, create movement that suggests the meaning of the text and reinforces the meaning of the text and reinforces at least, one core musical concept.at least, one core musical concept.

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WISDOM OF KODÁLYWISDOM OF KODÁLY

Zoltan Kodály

“A thorough knowledge of the material must precede everything, for anything else can be built only upon this knowledge.  Any efforts to achieve aesthetic results which either precede or discard knowledge are equivalent to building castles in Spain.”

Eösze, L. (1987). Eösze, L. (1987). Zoltán Kodály: His Life in Pictures and Zoltán Kodály: His Life in Pictures and Documents,18Documents,18

EVERYBODY UP…LET’S MOVEEVERYBODY UP…LET’S MOVE

Sing off my hand sign, please.Sing off my hand sign, please.

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Michael Row The Boat AshoreMichael Row The Boat Ashore

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ANALYSISANALYSISSPIRITUA

LTONE

SETRANGE DIFFICUL

TRHYTHM

MOVEMENT

CORECONCEPTS

Michael Row

Your Boat Ashore

d-r-m-s-l

Sixthd-l

Ti-Tam Beat and Duration

FIND A PARTNER WITH YOUR ELBOWFIND A PARTNER WITH YOUR ELBOW

Movement Reinforces Beat and DurationMovement Reinforces Beat and Duration Hold hands with your partnerHold hands with your partner

BEAT:BEAT:

Swing arms right, left, right, leftSwing arms right, left, right, left

DURATION:DURATION:

Swing arms right holdSwing arms right hold

Swing arms left holdSwing arms left hold

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Michael Row the Boat AshoreMichael Row the Boat AshoreVERSESVERSES

1. Michael Row the Boat ashore, Alleluia. Michael Row the Boat ashore. Alleluia.1. Michael Row the Boat ashore, Alleluia. Michael Row the Boat ashore. Alleluia.2. Michael reads the gospel book. Alleluia. Michael reads the gospel book. Alleluia.2. Michael reads the gospel book. Alleluia. Michael reads the gospel book. Alleluia.3. Angel Gabriel Blows his horn, Alleluia. Angel Gabriel Blows his horn, Alleluia. 3. Angel Gabriel Blows his horn, Alleluia. Angel Gabriel Blows his horn, Alleluia. 4. Trumpet sound for rich and poor. Trumpet sound for rich and poor. Alleluia.4. Trumpet sound for rich and poor. Trumpet sound for rich and poor. Alleluia.5. The river Jordan is deep and wide. Alleluia. The river Jordan is deep and wide. 5. The river Jordan is deep and wide. Alleluia. The river Jordan is deep and wide.

Alleluia.Alleluia.6. Michael stands upon the rock. Alleluia. Michael stands upon the rock. Alleluia6. Michael stands upon the rock. Alleluia. Michael stands upon the rock. Alleluia7. My Jesus stands on the other side. Alleluia. My Jesus stands on the other side. 7. My Jesus stands on the other side. Alleluia. My Jesus stands on the other side.

Alleluia.Alleluia.8. Father plants his garden there. Alleluia. Father plants his garden there. Alleluia.8. Father plants his garden there. Alleluia. Father plants his garden there. Alleluia.9. Eat the fruit and you shall live. Alleluia. Eat the fruit and you shall live. Alleluia.9. Eat the fruit and you shall live. Alleluia. Eat the fruit and you shall live. Alleluia.10. Michael Row the Boat Ashore. Alleluia. Hear the glory trumpet blow. Alleluia.10. Michael Row the Boat Ashore. Alleluia. Hear the glory trumpet blow. Alleluia.

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Elijah RockElijah Rock

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ANALYSISANALYSISSPIRITUA

LTONE

SETRANGE DIFFICUL

TRHYTHM

MOVEMENT

CORE CONCEPTS

Elijah Rock

s,-l-d-r-m-s-l

Ninths, - l

Syn-co-pa

Beat, form, phrase

EVERYONE HOLD HANDS IN A CIRCLEEVERYONE HOLD HANDS IN A CIRCLE

Movement Reinforces Beat and StressMovement Reinforces Beat and Stress Walk the beat in a circle, snap out on beat 1 and Walk the beat in a circle, snap out on beat 1 and

snap in on beat 3 on “Elijah rock…”snap in on beat 3 on “Elijah rock…”

Movement Emphasizes Melodic ChangesMovement Emphasizes Melodic Changes

Stop, hands over head, palms out on “Comin’ up Stop, hands over head, palms out on “Comin’ up LordLord

And Form:And Form:

Tap Beat on knees on “Satan’s a Liar…”Tap Beat on knees on “Satan’s a Liar…”

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ANALYSISANALYSISSPIRITUA

LTONE SET RANGE DIFFICUL

TRHYTHM

MOVEMENT

CORE CONCEPTS

Ezekiel Saw de Wheel

s-l-d-r-m

f and t

Seventhf-m

Ri-Tim

Tim-ri

Beat, form, phrase.

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Make Circles of FourMake Circles of Four

Right hand to center in a pin wheelRight hand to center in a pin wheel Circle to the right eight beatsCircle to the right eight beats

Left hand to center in a pin wheelLeft hand to center in a pin wheel Circle to the left eight beatsCircle to the left eight beats

Palms outward touching neighborsPalms outward touching neighbors Circle to the right eight beats, then left eight beatsCircle to the right eight beats, then left eight beats Stop sway hold right and left, hands in air (repeat)Stop sway hold right and left, hands in air (repeat)

Hold hands, pull back and slide right eight Hold hands, pull back and slide right eight beats and left eight beatsbeats and left eight beats

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JESUS, BUDDY-0JESUS, BUDDY-0

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ANALYSISANALYSIS

SPIRITUAL

TONE SET

RANGE DIFFICULT

RHYTHM

MOVEMENT

Tell My Jesus Buddy, O

s-l-d-r-m

Sixths˛- m

Tam-ti

Ti-tam

Beat,Eighth Notes (Quaver)

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KODÁLY KODÁLY THE ESSENCE OF MUSIC THE ESSENCE OF MUSIC

Zoltan Kodály

““Music is the expressive tool of the human Music is the expressive tool of the human soul, which is equally accessible to soul, which is equally accessible to everyone...Music is nourishment and a everyone...Music is nourishment and a comforting elixir. Music multiplies the comforting elixir. Music multiplies the beauty of life and all its values” beauty of life and all its values”

Koscár, (2002). Koscár, (2002). Zoltán Kodály: Music Should Belong to Everyone: Zoltán Kodály: Music Should Belong to Everyone:

120 Quotations from His Writings and Speeches120 Quotations from His Writings and Speeches , 57, 57

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CONNECTCONNECT

CCultivate Core Music Conceptsultivate Core Music Concepts OOriginate Movement to Support Literacyriginate Movement to Support Literacy NNurture Musicianship through urture Musicianship through KodályKodály NName Pedagogical Intentame Pedagogical Intent EExperience Cultural Literacy xperience Cultural Literacy CCreate Passionate Performance Practicereate Passionate Performance Practice TTransform Music Educationransform Music Education

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THE REVIEWTHE REVIEW

The OverviewThe Overview Spirituals connect mind, body and spiritSpirituals connect mind, body and spirit Spirituals articulate core music conceptsSpirituals articulate core music concepts Spirituals reflect the legacy of Spirituals reflect the legacy of KodályKodály

Thank you for your kind attention. Thank you for your kind attention.

brouette@earthlink.netbrouette@earthlink.net