Maria Martinho United Nations Statistics Division DESA, New York martinho@un mdgs.un

Monitoring achievement of the MDGs among the disabled:

current initiatives and remaining challenges

Maria MartinhoUnited Nations Statistics Division

DESA, New [email protected]

mdgs.un.org

GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation

Mozambique, 4 March 2010

mailto:[email protected]

GPDD's Expert Meeting on Indicators for Inclusive MDG Implementation - Mozambique, 4 March 2010

Outline

1. MDG monitoring: global and national

2. Disability and the MDGs: initiatives so far

3. Monitoring achievement of the MDGs among the disabled


MDGs

● The MDGs are based on the commitments made by UN Member States in the Millennium Declaration in 2000

● An Inter-agency and Expert Group (IAEG) was created to translate these commitments into operational targets and measurable indicators

Eradicate extreme

poverty… which indicator can

monitor poverty?

– The IAEG is now composed of over 25 international agencies, UN Regional Commissions and national statistical offices UISWHOWB ITU Unicef

FAO

Shall we use net school

enrolment?


MDGs

● The resulting MDG framework includes 8 Goals, 21 targets and 60 indicators

Official list of MDG IndicatorsAll indicators should be disaggregated by sex and urban/rural as far as possible.

Effective 15 January 2008

Goals and Targets Indicators for monitoring progress

Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Target 1.A: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day

1.1 Proportion of population below $1 (PPP) per day

1.2 Poverty gap ratio

1.3 Share of poorest quintile in national consumption

… …Goal 4: Reduce child mortality

Target 4.A: Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate

4.1 Under-five mortality rate4.2 Infant mortality rate4.3 Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles

… …


MDG monitoring

● Once the MDG framework was set, there was a need to put in place a mechanism to monitor progress towards the MDGs in order to inform policy makers and contribute to evidence based policy

Global monitoring

The IAEG is responsible for assessing yearly global and

regional progress towards the MDGs

What’s happening at the global level?

What’s happening in countries?

National monitoring

Country institutions and teams gather and analyze data


Global versus national MDG monitoring

Global monitoring National monitoringMDG framework MDG framework sometimes

adapted to reflect national circumstances

Assessment for major regions (Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Asia, Oceania, etc)

Assessment at national and sub-national levels

Every year, an MDG report is distributed to the General Assembly, policy makers, the media and the general public

National, and sometimes sub-national MDG reports; frequency depends on the country

http://mdgs.un.org/unsd/mdg/Resources/Static/Products/Progress2009/MDG_Report_2009_En.pdf


MDGs: how are they monitored globally?

UNSD analyses regional data and evaluates global

trends

The specialized agencies report data for countries and regions worldwide

Countries produce data

Countries send data to agencies

Agencies send data to UNSD

UNSD, in collaboration with the IAEG, provides technical assistance to

countries on how to produce data:

Workshops

Manuals


MDGs: how are they monitored globally?

Charts are used to show difference among regions


MDGs & Special population groups

● Some goals/targets appeal for universal achievements, e.g. Goal 2 Achieve universal primary education

● Therefore, it is important to reach everyone, including special groups like women, refugees, etc.

● Subsections in the report or special outputs are sometimes devoted to special groups

Amidst many deprivations, refugee childrenare often denied educational opportunities…full primary school enrolment has been achieved in only 6 out of 10 camps …

MDG Gender Chart



MDGs & Special population groups

Amidst many deprivations, refugee childrenare often denied educational opportunities…full primary school enrolment has been achieved in only 6 out of 10 camps …

MDG Gender Chart

Available data are used to show trends and assess progressin the specific population groups



MDGs & PWD

● Persons with disabilities are often denied their rights to education, a decent employment, proper health care and accessible sanitation facilities

MDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger MDG 2: Achieve universal primary education Target 7.C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people

without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation


MDGs & PWD

● To achieve the MDGs, it is essential to involve the less advantaged groups, like women, refugees and persons with disabilities

● Women and refugees were mentioned in the Millennium Declaration

● Persons with disabilities were NOT included in the Millennium Declaration

How to mainstream disabilities in the MDG monitoring process now?


Disability & MDGs: Initiatives so far

● Countries have started to recognize the importance of including persons with disabilities in the monitoring of the MDGs: Resolution on Realizing the Millennium Development Goals for Persons

with Disabilities - adopted by the Third Committee of the General Assembly in November 2009● Calls on Governments to build a knowledge base of data and

information about the situation of persons with disabilities● Encourages Member States to make use of statistics to integrate

a disability perspective in reviewing their progress towards realizing the Millennium Development Goals for all

Some countries have already included in their MDG reports information and sometimes data about persons with disabilities: Thailand, Serbia, Ecuador


Disability & MDGs: where are the data?

● Lack of good quality data can discourage MDG country teams to report information on persons with disabilities In some cases there is no data at all In others the data are difficult to interpret

0%

10%

20%

Age

MaleFemale

1991 census: Is anyone in the household in the census night disabled?

2001 census: Do you have any difficulty in

moving, seeing, hearing, speaking or learning, that has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more?

Uganda


Disability & MDGs: where are the data?

● How are countries dealing with the lack of data on MDG indicators disaggregated for persons with and without disabilities? Some countries, like Ecuador, report on the number of people

covered by initiatives and programs for persons with disabilities (social protection, food assistance)

Other countries, like Cambodia, have added targets & indicators for specific groups • CMDG Indicator 9.4: Numbers of landmine/UXO victims

receiving an assistance package and integrated into the society

● In the long term, however, it’s important to develop good methods for the collection of data on persons with disabilities


Monitoring MDG progress among persons with disabilities

● Identify indicators which can be used to monitor MDG progress among persons with disabilities

– Explore existing data: can they tell a story on persons with disabilities?

– Are there any data for specific groups of persons with disabilities which can be measured more easily?

– Collect on a regular basis to assess progress (e.g. combine irregular comprehensive surveys with regular short surveys)

● Participate in international initiatives to develop better methods for the collection of disability data

Maria Martinho United Nations Statistics Division DESA, New York martinho@un mdgs.un

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