MANET Networks Protocols

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OPNET Confidential Not for release to third parties 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc.

OPNET Technologies, Inc.

HOW TO: Design Mobile Ad Hoc Networksand ProtocolsJanuary 23, 2007

Best Practice Approaches for Accelerating Network R&D


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About OPNET Technologies, Inc.

Corporate Overview Founded in 1986 Publicly traded (NASDAQ: OPNT) HQ in Bethesda MD 460 employees Worldwide presence through direct offices and channel partners

Cisco worldwide OEM

Best-in-class Software and Services Application Performance Management Network Operations Capacity Planning and Design Network R&D

Strong Financial Track Record Long history of profitability Revenues of $88M as of Q4 2006

Approximately 25% of revenue re-invested in R&DBroad Customer Base

Corporate Enterprises Government Agencies/DoD Service Providers

R&D Organizations

In Recognition of Visionary use of

InformationTechnology

Network WorldTop 200


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Online Technology Workshop

AGENDAHOW TO: Design Mobile Ad Hoc Networks and ProtocolsBest Practice Approaches for Accelerating Network R&D

Learn how to: Evaluate the performance of networks applying different MANET design

parameters Incorporate OPNET models for OLSR, OSPFv3, DSR, and AODV into

MANET studies Leverage an open MANET framework to interface MANET routing models

with IPv4, IPv6, WLAN, and more


4/33OPNET Confidential Not for release to third parties 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc.

MANET Capabilities in OPNET

MANET routing protocols AODV DSR OLSR OSPFv3 TORA

Environment Embedded in routers, workstations and server nodes Open source for adding new MANET protocols and customizing existing protocols

Interface to IP

MANET protocols use IPs Addressing Forwarding capabilities

OPNETs IP is dual-stack capable (IPv4 and IPv6) All MANET routing protocols support both IPv4 and IPv6



MANET Capabilities in OPNET (cont.)

Wireless Capabilities Abstracted from wireless MAC layer OPNET MANET nodes use 802.11x for wireless MAC

802.11a, 11b, 11e. 11g Can take advantage of wireless module capabilities

Terrain Wireless domain Antenna

Pipelines Trajectories Random mobility

Connectivity with the wired network

Analysis Tools Statistics, diagnostics and reports are available Route-tracing and animation



Performance Benchmark

72 hours simulated, MANET routing, terrain,mobility Real-time w/ 5000 nodes, low traffic 100X real-time w/ 50 nodes, heavy traffic 5X real-time w/ 1000 nodes, medium traffic

OPNET platform for discrete event simulationOPNET wireless acceleration techniquesConfirmed on COTS Windows/Intel + port to Linux/PPC(Routing protocol: AODV)



Discrete Event Simulation Kernel Performance

OPNET Discrete Event Simulation Kernel Performance(11.5 vs 12.0)

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

Wireline packet transmission Wireless packet broadcast Node movement along trajectories

E v e n

t s P e r

S e c

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

S p e e

d u p

F a c

t o r

11.5 events/sec

12.0 events/sec

Speedup factor

33% 18%

54%

Performance of specific kernel computations enhanced for 12.0



Discrete Event Simulation Model Performance

OPNET Discrete Event Simulation Model Performance(11.5 vs 12.0)

0

50

100

150

200

250

AODV BGP OLSR OSPFv3

E x e c u

t i o n

T i m e

( s e c s

)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

S p e e d u p

F a c

t o r

11.5 execution time

12.0 execution time

Speedup factor

633%

220%

295% 295%

Performance of specific protocol models enhanced for 12.0, 100-200 nodes per model



Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR)Model Features

Neighbor detection MPR selection

Topology discovery Routing table computation IPv4 / IPv6 support Uses IP common route table Debugging and Simulation Tracing Can be configured on

MANET stations WLAN workstations and servers Routers (with single/multiple WLAN interfaces)

Referenced RFC 3626



AODV Model Features

Route discovery Hello messages Route maintenance Gratuitous reply Local repair Expanding ring search IPv4 / IPv6 support

Uses IP common route table

Debugging and Simulation Tracing Can be configured on

MANET stations WLAN workstations and servers Routers (with single/multiple WLAN interfaces)

Referenced RFC 3561



DSR Model Features

Route Discovery Route Maintenance Route Cache

Replying to route requests using cached routes Non-propagating route request Packet Salvaging Automatic Route Shortening IPv4 / IPv6 support Can be configured on

MANET stations WLAN workstations and servers

Referenced DSR Internet Draft (February 24, 2003)



OSPFv3 Model Features

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) Link state routing

Equal cost/Multi-path routing Hello protocol Multiple OSPF Areas Route Redistribution Designated Router Election Support for MANET Designated Routers Can be configured on

MANET stations WLAN workstations and servers

Referenced RFC 2740


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Help Documents and Links

Model User Guide in OPNET documentation AODV Model User Guide DSR Model User Guide OLSR Model User Guide OSPF Model User Guide

Example networks MANET example project (under )

OPNETWORK 2006 Sessions 1345 Planning and Analyzing Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks 1527 Accelerating Wireless Simulations Using Scalability Techniques 1816 Introduction to WiFi 1820 Introduction to MANET 1829 Advanced Topics in MANET--Multicast, QoS, and Security 1941 Understanding MANET Model Internals and Interfaces Note: OPNETWORK proceedings can be accessed through

www.opnet.com/opnetwork/


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Getting More Information

Upcoming Conferences AFCEA West 2007: San Diego, Jan 31 Feb 2 IPv6 Summit: Reston, March 27-29 23rd National Space Symposium: Colorado Springs, April 9-12

ITEC: Cologne, Germany, April 24-26 http://www.opnet.com/news/events/conferences.html

Upcoming Online Tech Workshops in Designing and Analyzing Mobile AdHoc Networks series

HOW TO: Model and Simulate Wireless Propagation Incorporating EnvironmentalEffects: Jan 30

HOW TO: Enhance Mobile Ad Hoc Network Planning with OPNET's 3D NetworkVisualizer: Feb 6

http://www.opnet.com/TechWorkshops/

For Additional Information: Visit OPNETs website at www.opnet.com Email [email protected]

Call: (240) - 497- 3000


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OPNET Technologies, Inc.

Appendix

d l l i d i k


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Randomly placing n nodes in network

Create new scenario with specific size Choose Topology Rapid Configuration Configuration: Unconnected Net

R id C fi i E l


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Rapid Configuration: Example

C fi i MANET P l


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Configuring MANET Protocol

Three ways to configure MANET routing protocol

On individual end-stations Edit-Attributes AD-HOC Routing Parameters AD-HOC Routing

Protocol

Individual interfaces of routers Edit-Attributes IP Routing Parameters Interface Information

Routing Protocol(s)

All interfaces in the scenario IP Dynamic Routing Protocol (global attribute) Global assignment that ignores configuration on individual interfaces

C fi i MANET R ti P t l


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Configuring MANET Routing Protocol

St ti ti


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Statistics

MANET Architecture


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MANET Architecture

3 2 1

Applicat ion

IP

Lower layer

MANET Routi ng Protocol

Populates IPForwarding Table

Maintains

IP ForwardingTable

Maintainsprotocol specificrouting table

Topology/ Route

Discovery

IP lookup forforwarding

Data Traffic

Model Architecture (OLSR)


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Model Architecture (OLSR)

manet_rte_mgr

OLSR

child process

NOTE: OLSR sits over UDP

Model Architecture (AODV DSR TORA)


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Model Architecture (AODV, DSR, TORA)

ip_dispatch

manet_mgr

child process

DSR AODV TORA/IMEP

child process

OLSR Model Files


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OLSR Model Files

olsr_rte.pr.m (main process model) Generates/processes OLSR control packets Maintains OLSR tables and updates IP common routing table

olsr.h defines OLSR table structures olsr_pkt_support.h defines OLSR packet formats olsr_support.h/ex.c defines OLSR support functions

olsr_rte.pr.m

OLSR Tables


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OLSR Tables

Periodic Hello Msg with Neighbor interface info

Link SetTable

Nbr SetTable

2-hop nbrset Table

MPR setTable

MPR SelectorSet Table

Routing Table Re-calculation

TC message

Topology setTable

Packet Flow - OLSR


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Packet Flow OLSR

Application layer

IP routing process

UDP manet_rte_mgr

olsr

Control Packet from / to Olsr

Control Packet from / to lower

layer Data Packet

Data packet processedby IP Forwarding Table

Control Packet

MAC/physical layer

Configuring AODV


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Configuring AODV

AODV Model Files


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AODV Model Files

Process model (/std/manet) aodv_rte

Generates/processes AODV control packets Maintains AODV routing tables and updates IP common routing table

Header files (/std/include) aodv.h - Defines constants, data structure for route, request & connectivity tables aodv_pkt_support.h - Defines packet type and structures (rreq, rrep, rerr)

aodv_ptypes.h - Function prototypes for external files

External Source: C code (/std/manet) aodv_pkt_queue.ex.c

aodv_pkt_support.ex.c aodv_request_table.ex.c aodv_route_table.ex.c aodv_support.ex.c

Data Traffic Packet Flow - AODV


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Data Traffic Packet Flow AODV

Data packet from application layer

IP routing process

output interface

ip_dispatch

Processingmanet_mgr

Packet fromupper layer (1)

dsr tora aodv

MAC/physical layer

Application layer

IPPacket from

MANET (7)

Packet to lowerlayer (3)

Packet to IProuting

process (6)Packet to MANET (4)

(2)

Route discovery

(5)

Legends

(2) (3): Pkt forforwarding

(4) (7): Pkt with noroute to forward

Data Traffic Packet Flow - AODV


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Data Traffic Packet Flow AODV

Data packet from lower layer

IP routing process

output interface

ip_dispatch

Processing

manet_mgr

dsr tora aodv

MAC/physical layer

Application layer

IP

Packet from

lower layer(1)

Packet to upperlayer (5)

Packet to lowerlayer (3)

Packet to IProuting

process (8)

Packet from MANET (9)

Route discovery

(7)

Packet to

MANET (6)

Packet to upperlayer (4)

(2)

Legends

(2) (3): Pkt forforwarding

(4) (5): Pkt destinedfor this node

(6) (9): Pkt with noroute to forward

AODV Control Packet Flow


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Application layer

IP routing process

output interface

ip_dispatch

manet_mgr

dsr tora aodv

MAC/physical layer

IP

Packet to lowerlayer

Packet from MANET

Packet to IProuting

process

Packet fromlower layer

Packet to MANET

Configuring DSR


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g g

DSR Model Files


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Process model (/std/manet) dsr_rte

Generates / processes DSR control packets Maintain DSR routing tables Processes / forwards data packets

Header files (/std/include) dsr.h - Defines constants, data structure for route cache, send buffer,

maintenance buffer dsr_pkt_support.h - Defines packet types and structures (rreq, rrep,

rerr) dsr_ptypes.h - Function prototypes for external files

External Source: C code (/std/manet) dsr_maintenance_buffer.ex.c dsr_route_cache.ex.c dsr_route_discovery.ex.c dsr_send_buffer.ex.c dsr_support.ex.c dsr_pkt-support.ex.c dsr_notif_log_support.ex.c

MANET Networks Protocols

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