SHORT BRIEF ON MALAYSIA

& TURKY Atif Nawaz2014-ag-2218

M.B.A4th S 3.5 year

aafinawaz@gmail.com

INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT SCIENCES

MALAYSIA

IntroductionMalaysia has a rich

history dating back to the 13th century. It was a busy seaport for European and Far East traders for many hundreds of years.

Malaya( Malacca 1400-1511)

Malacca was founded in the 13th

century by a Sumatran prince. It became the most influential port city in Southeast Asia during this time.

The early Arab traders brought Islam to Malacca.

The local chiefs became the “Sultans” heading up a highly organized administration structure whose main purpose was to facilitate trade.

Success brought prosperity ,wealth and power of Malacca.

31st August 1957

Independence Day

Independence in 1957: The British granted

independence to

Malaya in 1957 in

Kuala Lumpur’s.

Tunku Abdul Rehman

became the first prime

minister of Malaya. It

has a secular and

democratic government.

Secret Behind the Success There is only one top

secret behind the

success of Malaysia.

“ MAHATHIR

MOHAMMAD”

“The National Hero”

Mahathir Mohammad as PM

He became prime

Minister in July 1981

The first commoner to

hold that office.

Mahathir as PM Transformed

Malaysia Malaysia prospered economically , with

* growing manufacturing sector

* an expanding middle class

* rising literacy rates

* increased life expectancies.

Significant infrastructure project

*North-South Expressway, a highway that runs from

the Thai border to Singapore.

Present Day: Malaysia has undergone tremendous

growth and prosperity since 1957.

Today, Malaysia has one of the best airports, highways, and telecommunication systems in Asia.

The literacy rate is above 90% and poverty level is minor.

With a highly educated workforce and modern infrastructure, it attracts large foreign investment in the manufacturing and technology sections.

Current Malaysia Official languages:

Bahasa Melayu

Other Languages:

Chinese, English , Tamil, Punjabi

Workforce (10.89 million)

Services : 57%

Industry : 28%( manufacturing – 19%,

mining and construction-9%)

Agriculture-15 %

Economy Trade:

Merchandise Exports:$212.7 billion (2011 est.),

Electronic products, machinery, liquid natural gas,

petroleum and petroleum products, telecom

equipment's.

* Major markets:

China, Singapore, Japan, U.S ,Thailand

Economy Nominal GDP:

$338.1billion (2014)

GNP: 669.5$

• Natural resources

• Agricultural products

• Industry

Import and Export

Electronics

Machinery

Petroleum products

Plastics

Vehicles

Iron and Steel products

Export: $212.7 billion

Electronic Equipments

Petroleum and

Liquefied natural gas

Wood and its product

Palm Oil

Rubber

Textile

Import: $168 billion

Education Education expenditures: 4.1% of GDP.

Budget: RM 30 billion ($10 billion)

Literacy:

Total population: 95 %

Male: 92%

Female:85.4%

Total Universities: 20

Top university:

University of Malaya(UM)

Climate: Malaysia is generally

warm throughout the year with temperature ranging from 21 to 32 degrees Celsius in low lands.

This can however be as low 16 degree Celsius in the hills and highlands.

Religion:

PEOPLE Population: 31127247

Capital: Kuala Lumpur

Area : 329,847 sq.km

Annual population growth rate: 1.54%

Ethnic Group: 60% Malay, 23%chinese, and 7.1% Indian, others 7.8%.

Malaysian Military Strength Land Army:

* Total Land Weapons:2,465

* Tanks:74

* Towed Artillery:54

* Mortars :200

* AT weapons:1,124

* AA weapons:733

* Logistical Vehicles:3,200

Turkey

History Turkey is a democratic ,secular, unitary, constitutional

republic whose political system was established in 1923 under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, following the fall of the Ottoman Empire in the after World War I.

Since then, Turkey has become increasingly integrated with the west through membership in organizations such as: The Council of Europe, NATO, OECD, OSCE and the G-20 major economies.

Turkey began full membership

negotiations with the

European Union in 2005.

History Who is Ataturk?

He was born in Selenic 1881 and died 1938.

Hero of Gallipoli Battle fields in the World War I.

Ataturk is the starter of war of the independence.

Establisher and first minister of Turkish Republic. Also known as “Father of the Turks.”

Mustafa Kamal ATATURK

History Ataturk did many radical reforms

to being modernize and develop

more.

Political ---> Democracy

Law ---> Swiss Law

Education and culture ---> Latin Alphabets

Economic ---> I and II. Development plan

Social life ---> Civil and political rights to woman.

Founder and Foundation Mustafa Kamal Ataturk was the founder of Turkey.

Turkish Grand National Assembly opened on 23rd of

April, 1920

The foundation of Turkish Republic on 29th of

October,1923

In 1935, Ataturk gave the Turkish women right to

vote and to be elected.

In 1928, Ataturk introduce the Latin Alphabet to the

Turkish people.

Location Turkey has a land mass of

769,632sq km.

Turkey is the only country in the world that is on two continents. Turkey is on both Asia and Europe.

Bordering the Black Sea, Between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.

Facts Population:- 77.7 million

(2014)

Official Language:- Turkish

Administrative Type:-Democratic Republic

Capital City:- Ankara, But most populated city is Istanbul.

Currency:- Turkish Lira

HolidaysReligious

Feast of Ramadan (3 days)

Feast of the Sacrifice (4 days)

Other Holidays

New year’s day (1st January)

National Sovereignty and Children’s day (23rd April)

Ataturk’s Commemoration's and Youth and Sport Day (19th May)

Victory Day (30th August)

Republic Day (29th October 1923)

RELIGION 99.8% of the population are

Muslims of which most is consisted of Sunni.

However 0.2% of the population practice different religions such as Christianity and Judaism.

The main religion of Turkish people is Islam. They believed in one God.

The ladies cover heads in hijabs

GEOGRAPHY Turkey is subdivided in 7 regions.

Turkey has 81 province. Most populated ones are

Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir.

ClimateTemperature

In Istanbul and around the Sea of Marmara the climate is moderate (winter 4C and summer 27C)

In winter however the temperature can drop below zero. In Western Anatolia.

There is a mild Mediterranean climate with average temperatures of 9C in winter and 29Cin summer.

The climate in Black Sea Area is wet, and humid (Summer 23C, winter7C)

Eastern Anatolia region there is a long winter, and snow remains on the ground from November until the end of April (the average temperature in winter is -13C and in summer 17C).

GEOGRAPHY While the coastal areas

enjoy milder climates, the inland Anatolia plateau experiences extremes of hot summers and cold winter with limited rainfall.

Turkey receive most of the rainfall in the winter season.

But the summer rainfall is very limited and could not be enough to remove water.

Political Model Turkey is a republican Parliamentary democracy.

The age required to vote is 18.

Turkish political system is modeled off separation of powers.

Grand National Assembly of Turkey hold legislative power.

Judiciary is free of executive and legislature.

Turkey sis undergoing political issues such as ant-terrorism.

The Law system of Turkey is very much like the Swiss civil code.

ECONOMY Turkey’s economy is largely a free-market economy.

25% Economy is based on Agriculture sector.

In Agriculture they produce tobacco, cotton, grains and sugar beets and many more crops.

They pump over 1 million barrels of oil per day.

Industries are comprised of: Textiles, Food processing, Autos, Electronics, mining, steel, petroleum, construction, lumber and paper.

Turkey faces several issues:

Turkey was in debt $306.7 billion.(beginning 2012)

16.9% Population are below poverty line in 2010

unemployment rate is 9.8% in 2011

Export and ImportExport(2015)

Turkey is the 27th largest export economy in the world

Export is $143.9 billion

Export goods (Cars, Refined Petroleum, Raw Iron Bars, Vehicle parts, Delivery Trucks)

Export Destination of are (Germany, Iraq, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, USA)

Imports(2015)

Imports are $207.2 billion

The top imports are (Gold, Refined Petroleum, Cars, Scrap iron and Petroleum Gas)

The top imports Origins are (Germany, Russia, Italy, United State)

The balance of trade is negative ($63.3 billion)

GDP and GNPGDP

GDP growth was 4%

GDP per capita was

$20,888

GDP by sector was

Agriculture 8.9%

Industry 27.3%

Services 63.8% (2013

estimated)

GNP

GNP per capita was

$798.4 billion in 2014

Education Education in Turkey is

established in accordance with the Ataturk Reforms after the Turkish war of independence.

Children are obliged to take 12 years of education.

Over the age of 1487.4% of the population is literate. 95.3% of men are literate, while only 79.6% of women are literate.

Men spend an average of 12 years in school while female spend an average of11.

Education Total universities are 180

104 are state universities

(5 technical, 2 institute of

technology and 1 fine art

university)

71 foundation universities (military academies and police academy)

Top universities are KOC university, Bilkent University, Sabanci university, Istanbul Technical university.

Infrastructure Turkey ranked second after Brazil in making the

highest commitments for total infrastructure

investments among 139 emerging countries in 2014,

according to data from the World Bank.

Regarding the infrastructure sector, the government

has allocated USD 26 billion in 2013. 30% of this

budget is for the transportation sector, followed

by education, energy, healthcare, and

agriculture, construction.