Introduction to Literature

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Introduction to Literature

What is Literature?There’s so many definitions of literature.

Literature is a sort of arts. As other kinds of arts, literature also involve beauty and it can be enjoyed and showed by people.

In Painting, we can enjoy the beauty of the drawing or object in the canvas (and in many other media). That’s also for Sculpture or statue, the people can appreciate how attractive it is. In music, we can hear the sound or melody as well as the song and people can feel and love it.

What about literature? How can we enjoy it and what make it as a kind of arts?

Introduction to Literature

In Sculpturing, the media is the statue; it could be made of wood, stone or even metal.

In Painting, it uses canvas, glass, concrete, or metal.

In music, It uses different kinds of tones through many kinds of instruments.

What about literature?

Introduction to Literature

Literature as an art exploits language as the media.

Literature can be classify into three formPoetryFictionDrama

Introduction to Literature

What is the scope of Literature?What we mean of literature is always

in the form of written.

Why we study Literature?- To increase, to enrich, or to

highlight human knowledge about art of

humanity.- To enhance human insight and

experience. - To soften human feeling.

Introduction to Literature

What is English Literature?English literature is the literature written in the English language, including literature composed in English by writers not necessarily from England.

Among the variety of authors of English

literature, the works of William Shakespeare remain paramount throughout the English-speaking world.

Introduct ion to L i teratureAmerican literature

American literature as a whole is the written or literary work produced in the area of the United States and its preceding colonies.

History of English LiteratureOld English

English, as we know it, descends from the language spoken by the north Germanic tribes who settled in England from the 5th century A.D. onwards. They had no writing (except runes, used as charms) until they learned the Latin alphabet from Roman missionaries. The earliest written works in Old English (as their language is now known to scholars) were probably composed orally at first, and may have been passed on from speaker to speaker before being written.

The work of literature from old English: Beowulf and Hymn by Cædmon

History of English Literature

Middle EnglishBegin from 1066 when England successfully

invaded by Normandy (today French). King William of Normandy became William the Conqueror defeated King Harold II, the last king of the Saxon.

The old English became the language of common people, and French was the official language of the kingdom.

The Works of Literature in Middle English:- History of Briton and The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey of Monmouth.

History of English Literature

Early Modern EnglishIt’s begin when the first printed machine invented around 15 century. Since then more literary works published and brought about the development of English language.

Elizabethan PeriodThis period refers to queen Elizabeth I which ruled the country at the end of 15 century.

History of English LiteratureElizabethan Period

This period refers to queen Elizabeth I which ruled the country at the end of 15 century (1558 – 1603)

The most famous and well-known writer was William Shakespeare (1564 – 1616) and Christopher Marlowe (1564 -1593)

Some of Marlowe’s works :TamburlaineDoctor FaustusThe Jew of Malta

History of English Literature

William Shakespeare’s works

His masterpiece plays can be categorized into some periods: From 1592 – 1601: - Romeo and Juliet - As You Like it

- Richard II - Twelfth Night - A Midsummer Night’s Dream

- The Merchant of Venice

From 1601 – 1608: - Hamlet - King Lear - Othello - Timon of Athens

- MacbethAfter 1608 : - Pericles - Cymbeline - The Tempest

The Winter’s Tale

History of English Literature

18th century literature or the age of reason

Romanticism William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge

Victorian literature (1837-1901)

History of English Literature

Individual work

Find out some literary works of Victorian period!

Poetry : The writers/poets and the works Fiction : The writers and the works Drama : The writers/Playwright and the

works

Give your opinions about what are the characteristics of literary works in Victorian age and what make them different to Elizabethan period!