Magnification in Endodontics.

DR. Moataz MahranB.D.S , M.S.C EndodonticsAin Shams UniversityMember of British Endodontic SocietyEndodontist at magrabi Dental Center Jeddah ,KSA.

Magnification in Endodontics And How it Affects Treatment Outcome.FIRST MIRCOSCOPE WAS INVENTED IN 1978 BY DR. JAKO & DR APOTHEKER .[DENTISCOPE].

3IVE DONE FINE WITHOUT MAGNIFICATION ALL THESE YEARS. WHY START NOW?

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Advantages of Magnification.Improves your diagnostic capability making your treatment much more easier.

Better visualization of the working field that will translate into more accurate diagnosis.

Reduces eye strain.

Ergonomics.

Documentation and imaging.Types of magnification.There are 2 types of magnification equipments: Binocular loupes.(2.5x,3.5x,5x,6x) Dental microscopes.WALL MOUNTEDBENCH OR TABLE MOUNTED MOBILE.5x.13x ARE THE BEST FOR ENDODONTIC WORKThe most known companies are Seiler, Zeiss, Global, Orascoptic, Designs for Vision and keeler.

If youre a general dentist, youll want to consider loupes as your entry magnification technology. There are dental loupes on the market with a wide variety of magnification capabilities; I recommend that you look at a pair of loupes capable of magnifications ranging from 2.5x to 3.5x .

TYPES Of DENTAL MICROSCOPES.

Magnification how it affects endodontic work!Identification of missed canals.Repair of perforations.Removal of broken instruments.Trouhing for calcified canals.Diagnosis of cracks.Endodontic surgeries.

N.B: Magnification can solve all these problems but you need to have good illumination, which is as important as magnification. Whatever the type of light being used whether halogen or LED , there should be a source of illumination.Without the use of magnification, a fourth canal in a molar is often missed.

This demonstrates how magnification and proper illumination facilitate the location of a fourth canal.

Even with good magnification, cracks may not show up if the lighting is poor. This can occur when using loupes and nothing but the overhead dental light .With magnification and improved lighting, the crack in the tooth becomes obvious.

Magnification showing broken instrument

TIPS USED FOR BI RETRIVEL.

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Troughing searching for calcified canal.

Perforation can be easily repaired.

Locating of extra canals.

Mitchell H. Davich.Magnification has been found to increase the detection rate of MB2 canals in first molars from 17.2% with the naked eye, to 62.5% with loupes and 71.1% using the surgical operating microscope and 59% for second molars.

Easier Obturation.

Easier Retreatments.

ConclusionMagnification played a significant role in increasing the success rate of root canal treatment especially in retreatment cases up to 85% in comparison to cases done without magnification which had a success rate 60 to 70%.[Brett. E. Gilbert]. THANK YOU