SAM Electronics GmbHEnergy and DrivesBehringstrasse 12022763 Hamburg . GermanyPhone: +49 - (0)40 - 88 25 - 27 69Fax: +49 - (0)40 - 88 25 - 41 00E-mail: info@sam-electronics.de

www.sam-electronics.de

Magnetic Ranging and Treatment Facilities

for Naval Application

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What you should know about us

Activities at SAM Electronics focus onfinding sophisticated system solutionsin the fields of marine and navalsystems, navigation and communica-tion.

SAM Electronics, having become ope-rational in 1998, comprises the formerMarine and Naval actvities of AEG,MBB and ATLAS Elektronik, carrying onthe technology and traditions of themerging partners.

The consideration of mines and minecountermeasures necessarily involves”Magnetics“. Expertise and know-howin these disciplines form the link in ouractivities in the areas of ■ Shipborne degaussing systems ■ Non-magnetic and low stray field

design of equipment

■ Systems for magnetic ranging and demagnetization treatment of naval vessels and equipments

■ Mine sweeping equipments.

SAM Electronics has many years expe-rience in these areas. This experiencehas been proven in large scale projectsof the Federal German Navy, in additionto many projects for overseas navies.This brochure deals with our activitiesin the areas of ■ Magnetic ranging of ferromagnetic

vessels ■ Magnetic ranging of non-magnetic

vessels ■ Magnetic ranging of components ■ Magnetic treatment of vessels and

equipments

Major areas of SAM Electronicsnaval actvities linked by magnetics

Naval Mines

Shipborne DegaussingSystems

Magnetics

Magnetic RangingFacilities

Magnetic TreatmentFacilities

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Introduction

For about a hundred years sea mineshave been an established element innaval warfare. By far the most impor-tant step in their development was theinvention of the magnetic influencefiring principle, which utilizes the mag-netic interference field of passingships.

Sea mines with magnetic fuzes areeffective, inexpensive, easy to deployin large numbers and a formidableweapon both physically and psychologi-cally. Thus extensive measures arepro-vided to protect naval vessels againstthe threat from sea mines. Due to thedecrease of a vessel’s interferencefield with the distance in accordancewith an exponential law, there is only a

limited area under and around a ship, inwhich it will activate a sea mine. The boundary of this area of endanger-ment often referred to as dangerdepth, is defined by an assumed minesensitivity. Ships are vulnerable to seamines only, when their danger depthextends into the sensing area of themine. For this reason all protectivemeasures for vessels are aimed at areduction of their ”danger depth“.Instead of a danger depth the maxi-mum admissable magnetic interferen-ce field of a vessel at beam depth,i.e. the water depth equal to thevessel’s beam, is often specified todefine the degree of protection requi-red by a vessel for the fulfillment ofits operational role.

Reduction of dangerdepth and area byprotective measures

Protected Vessel

Unprotected Vessel

Mine

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Protective Measures for Vessels against Seamines

Protective measures for vessels against sea mines

Conventional protective measures, either active or passive, are used toreduce the magnetic signature of a ves-sel.

Active protective measures comprisethe installation of shipborne degaussingsystems. Passive protective measuresare those aimed at minimizing theeffective permanent magnetic contentof a ship. This is firstly achieved byappropriate design and secondly by ademagnetization treatment of the enti-re vessel. Design measures may com-prise the use of non-magnetic materialfor hull and equipment and the layoutof the electrical plant.

Major combat vessels are normallyfitted with shipborne degaussingsystems for compensation of perma-nent and induced magnetic interference

fields. Demagnetization treatment isoften used as a supportive passiveprotective measure. For ferromagneticvessels not fitted with a shipbornedegaussing system, the magnetictreatment offers the only means ofprotection, by a reduction of the ves-sel’s magnetic interference field cau-sed by permanent magnetization. Com-pensation of their induced interferencefields is possible to a limited extent.

Due to their operational role minecountermeasure vessels demand anextremely high level of active andpassive protection. For this reasonMine Countermeasure Vessels(MCMVs) are generally built as non-magnetic vessels and fitted withdegaussing systems which compensa-te permanent and induced interferencefields. In addition, eddy current fields

are sometimes compensated. In gene-ral, MCMVs also require magnetic tre-atment or non-magnetic design of com-ponents, intended for installation onboard.

Submarines are constructed either asferromagnetic or non-magnetic vessels.They use the same protective measu-res as surface vessels, depending ontheir type of construction. It is obviousthat there is a need for facilities formagnetic ranging and treatment wherethe different types of vessels presentin a fleet can be monitored for theirmagnetic signature, where protectivemeasures can be carried out and theirefficiency assessed.

Active Measures

Shipborne Degaussing Systems

Protective Measuresfor Vessels against Seamines

Magnetic Treatment

Non-magnetic Design

Low strayField Design

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Magnetic Ranging and Treatment Facilities for Vessels

Essentially magnetic ranging facilities for vessels consist of submerged fieldprobes and evaluation equipmentwhich measure the magnetic interfe-rence field of the vessel at a specificwater depth. In addition, auxiliary sub-systems may be required.

In practical use two measuring rangeconfigurations have proven their value: ■ Overrun ranges ■ Stationary ranges

The type of a vessel and the protectivemeasures applied determine the rangefacility required for a specific job.

Overrun magnetic measuring rangesare predominantly used for ranging offerromagnetic vessels and submarines.In a maximum configuration they con-sist of probe rows aligned in the mag-netic north-south and east-west direc-tion. This arrangement is an optimalsolution to separate the permanent andinduced magnetization of the vesseland to determine the distribution of theinduced magnetic field in the ship.

The vessel to be surveyed moves overthe probe arrays at a constant speedand on fixed headings. As the shippasses, the probes are scanned atregular intervals so that a grid of mea-surements is obtained. A complete setof measurements comprises theresults of overruns on two fixed hea-dings and in both directions.

The composition of the fleet may require two separate overrun ranges,one each for small and large ferromag-netic vessels to comply with therequirements of adequate measuringdepth. Standard measuring depth is 9 m and 18 m respectively.

The following tasks are performed on atypical overrun range:

For ferromagnetic ships equipped withshipborne degaussing systems ■ Check ranging to assess the actual

danger level ■ Calibration of the permanent and

induced channels of the shipborne degaussing system on the basis of data acquired by the ranging procedure.

■ Check ranging to confirm improve-ments made on the vessels magnetic signature due to calibrationof the degaussing system.

For ferromagnetic ships not fitted witha degaussing system

■ Check ranging before and after magnetic treatment to confirm improvements made.

The overrun range for small ferromag-netic vessels can also be used forcheck and calibration ranging of non-magnetic vessels and submarines.Stationary magnetic measuring rangesare mainly used for ranging of nonmag-netic Mine Countermeasure Vessels. Typical tasks comprise: ■ Check ranging ■ Calibration of the permanent and

induced channels and, if applicable, also of the eddy current channel of the shipboard degaussing system

■ Measurement of the magnetic stray field

■ Check ranging to confirm improve-ments made by calibration of the degaussing system.

In contrast to the overrun method, sta-tionary measurements are carried outwhilst the ship is moored over an arrayof probes. The probes are arrangedalong the longitudinal and transverse

axis of the vessel and thus allow theinterference field to be sampled atvarious points beneath the ship.

Standard measuring depth for ranging of non-magnetic vessels is 9.0 m. Theessential feature of stationary magneticranging is the possibility also to measu-re the ship’s interference field causedby eddy currents. Since this effectoccurs only during the rolling motionsof a vessel, modern ranges for non-magnetic vessels allow roll simulationwith the aid of vertical and horizontalmagnetic fields generated by a coilsystem installed on the sea bed.

Another important feature of a stationa-ry range for Mine CountermeasureVessels is the possibility to directlymeasure and assess stray fields.Though small by comparison to othersources of ships magnetism, thesefields caused by currents in the electricplant of a vessel require attention inMCMVs, due to their low overall mag-netic signature.

Illustrations:

Magnetic ranging tasks and rangeconfigurations for various types ofvessels.See appendix, page 16

Probe and coil arrangement for acombined overrun range and magne-tic treatment facility (figure showsE-W overrun course).See appendix, page 17

Probe and coil arrangement for a sta-tionary range.See appendix, page 17

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Magnetic Ranging Facilities for Components Mine

Illustration:

Diesel engine undergoing checkranging on a component range.See appendix, page 18

Countermeasure forces in the fleet necessitate a magnetic range for com-ponents where equipment such as diesel engines, generators etc. can bemonitored for their magnetic conditionprior to installation on board.

The tasks performed on a componentrange comprise: ■ Check ranging in order to confirm

that the magnetic interference field limit values are not exceeded

■ Ranging and subsequent proceduresfor compensation of interference fields by means of permanent magnets and calibration of degauss-ing coils if fitted.

■ Check ranging in order to confirm the results of magnetic treatments.

A ranging system for componentscomprises the following main assem-blies: ■ Magnetic probe array ■ Overrun rail track with measuring

trolley ■ Data acquisition and evaluation

equipment ■ Coil system for generation of

magnetic fields

The component to be surveyed ismounted on the measuring trolleywhich is then moved over the magne-tic probe array. The acquisition of themagnetic field data is controlled by acomputer system which also evaluatesand displays the results. The coilsystem allows separation of the perma-nent and induced magnetization of thecomponents which cause the interfe-rence field.

The same concept of roll simulationmeasurements which is employed withMCMVs is also used for components.The component is held stationaryabove the probe array and the rollmovements are simulated by artificialmagnetic fields generated by the coilsystem. Control of this process is alsoperformed by the computer system.

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Magnetic Treatment Facilities for Vessels

The magnetic treatment in its variousmodes is widely used as a supportivemeans of mine protection on ferromag-netic naval vessels equipped with a shipborne degaussing system. For all other ships not equipped with a degaussing system, magnetic treat-ment provides the only possibility toimprove their protection against seamines.

The magnetic treatment is characteri-zed by the exposure of the vessel tostrong alternating magnetic fields pul-sating at low frequency. The magneticfields are generated by a demagnetiza-tion coil system. A second coil arrange-ment provides compensation of theearth’s field and generation of anadditional stationary field in order toallow the demagnetization process totake place in a magnetically definedenvironment.

Two methods are generally used: ■ Stationary treatment, i. e. coils

wrapped around the moored ship. Because of the attachment of the coils this method is very time

consuming, in particular for large vessels. Prerequisite for this methodis that a sensor array is provided at site which allows alternate checksand treatments. The procedure is often referred to as ”Deperming“.

■ The overrun treatment method which SAM Electronics proposes fordemagnetization of vessels – ischaracterized by coil systems installed on the sea bed which the ship overruns at low speed on a fixed course. During overrun each section of the vessel gradually comes under the effect of the de-magnetization field. Having reached a maximum in a vessel’s section the demagnetization field declines to zero with the progress of the vessel.This ”section-alized“ demagnetiza-tion provides an effective treatment in a considerably shorter time, thus giving the range a higher capacity in comparison to the deperming proce-dure. This concept also offers the additional advantage of using a com-bined coil system for ranging and magnetic treatment.

Ferromagnetic vessels not equippedwith a shipborne degaussing systemoften make use of a variant in themagnetic treatment. Though demagne-tization generally does not affect the induced components of the ship’smagnetic signature, it is possible topartly compensate the vertical inducedinterference field by an impressedpermanent magnetization in the inversedirection. SAM Electronics suppliesmagnetic ranging and treatment facili-ties of various configurations either as”stand alone“ or integrated facilities,comprising individual ranges for variousapplications.

Magnetic treatment by overrun method

Magnetically Untreated Area

Overrun Direction

Magnetically Treated Area

Envelope Curve of Alternating Field Generatedby Stationary Underwater Coil System

DemagnetizationArea

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Major System Components for a Magnetic Ranging and Treatment Facility

On the basis of the measurement andtreatment tasks defined for varioustypes of vessels the magnetic rangingand treatment systems can be brokendown into the following main subsy-stems:

■ Magnetic field measuring systems ■ Electronic data processing systems

for data acquisition, evaluation and presentation

■ Coil systems for compensation of the earth/s magnetic field and for generation of magnetic fields for roll simulation and demagnetization treatment

■ Power supply and control equipmentfor the coil systems.

Magnetic Field MeasuringSystem

The magnetic field measuring systemcomprises – in its most simple configu-ration – a single axis magnetic probearray and magnetometers for the unidi-rectional sensing of the magnetic fieldstrength at the location of the array.

In practice – for ranging of entire ves-sels – single, double or triple axes sensors arranged in arrays are used together with multi-channel magneto-meters.

The probes supplied by SAMElectronics are passive measuringdevices, based on the fluxgate measu-ring principle. The magnetometer con-trol electronics generates a signal forexcitation of each sensor. A responsesignal corresponding to the magneticfield intensity is transmitted back to themagnetometer where it is convertedinto a field proportional DC signal forfurther processing in the computersystem.

In addition to the vessel’s magnetic interference field, other static magneticfields such as the earth’s field, interfe-rence fields resulting from magneticanomalies and alternating fields attribu-table to roll simulation are prevalent atthe probe location. Those have to be

eliminated to obtain the vessel’s inter-ference field alone. This can be achieved by: ■ Generation of compensation fields at

the location of the sensor ■ Installation of neutralization circuits

in the probe ■ Subtraction of undesired field

components from the aggregate field signal in the data processing area by means of a software program.

The Integral Magnetometer Conceptintroduced by SAM Electronics usesthe latter method for application inmagnetic field measuring systems.

It avoids the disadvantage of additionalhighly accurate hardware for elimina-tion of undesired field components byusing software programs for compen-sation. Only the alternating roll simula-tion field is compensated in analogmode by a neutralization coil within theprobe.

Probes and magneto-meters for applicationin ranging facilitiesfor vessels andcomponents

Illustration:

Major system components for amagnetic ranging and treatmentfacility.See appendix, page 19

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SAM Electronics´s Integral Magneto-meter Concept uses standard hardware and thus allows application in bothmagnetic ranges for vessels and forcomponents.

Data Processing System

The data processing system is a keycomponent in every magnetic rangingand treatment facility. Because of thelarge amount of data to be handled, extensive data processing is requiredto perform ranging and magnetic treat-ment efficiently and economically.Automated measuring and analyzingprocedures and clear presentations ofmeasuring results support the rangeoperator.

SAM Electronics provides efficientcomputer hardware and extensive soft-ware programs for a variety of proces-sing tasks related to ■ Data acquisition and correction ■ Data evaluation and analysis ■ Data presentation and archiving.

Data Processing System Tasks

Ranging and treatment procedures forvarious classes of vessels and forequipments are reflected in the dataprocessing tasks effected by the com-puter system.

Check ranging

Check ranging is normally effected onoverrun ranges before and after mag-netic treatment and/or calibration ofshipborne degaussing systems.

Data processing tasks include: ■ Data acquisition and correction.

The data acquired from the magneticfield measuring system are converted into a ship coordinate related data field. The scan error due to overrun, probe offset and amplification factor are determined before each overrun and accounted for in the computer system. For measurement on stationary ranges the acquired data are corrected for probe offset and amplification factor only.

■ Data presentation and archiving.

Illustration:

Principle of SAM Electronics‘sintegral magneto-meter concept.See appendix, page 19

Data processingsystem tasks

Data ProcessingSystem Tasks

Supportive Tasks Measuring Tasks

Check Ranging Calibration Ranging Stray Field Ranging

P/I Calibration Eddy CurrentCalibration

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Data presentation is effected on moni-tors, printers and plotters. The fieldvalues are presented for each overrun: ■ As line diagrams of all probes as

longitudinal or athwartship shots (magnetic profile in longitudinal and athwartship direction) in a common presentation

■ As line diagram for each probe as longitudinal shot

■ As isomagnetic lines for an overviewof the vessel’s magnetic status

The operator checks the vessel’s mag-netic signature for compliance withlimit values. The results are stored on afloppy disk memory for archiving.

Calibration ranging

Calibration ranging is made for adjust-ment of shipborne degaussingsystems. Permanent/induced channelcalibration is generally performed onoverrun ranges for ferromagnetic ves-sels and on stationary ranges for non-magnetic vessels.

Data processing tasks are: ■ Data acquisition and correction as

with check ranging ■ Display of field data as an inter-

mediate step in the form of longitudinal and transverse magneticprofiles and of isomagnetic lines.

■ Data evaluation and analysis. The computer system performs the separation of the permanent and induced components of the ship’s magnetic interference field and displays them separately. Based on the results of the P/l separation the computer calculates the ampturn setting of each sectional degaussing coil. Calibration of the degaussing system is an iterative process. Repeated adjustments derived from previous ranging bring the residual magnetic field to within specified limits.

■ Presentation and archiving. Data presentations are given for measured data as for check ranging, and in addition for processed data ofthe vessel’s magnetic fields. As a final activity the operator initiates archiving of the final magnetic ship’s data as well as the final settings of the shipborne degaussing system ona floppy disk memory.

■ Calibration of the eddy currrent channels of a degaussing system is performed on stationary ranges, equipped with facilities for roll simulation.

Data processing tasks are: ■ Data acquisition and correction as

described with check ranging

Presentation of fielddata in the form ofisomagnetic lines

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■ Data evaluation and archiving. On the basis of the data derived from the computer in various presentations, the operator works out the adjustment data for the eddy current channel. Subsequent roll check simulation is performed to confirm the improvements made by the calibration. The operator initiates archiving of final status data on floppy disk memory.

Stray field ranging

Ranging of static magnetic stray fields is performed on stationary ranges fornon-magnetic Mine CountermeasureVessels to determine the effects ofmagnetic stray fields caused by the vessel’s electrical plant.

Data processing tasks include: ■ Data acquisition and correction.

Data acquisition and correction are performed similarly as with check

ranging on stationary ranges. How-ever, the data are derived from measurements of the vessel with and without energized stray field emitting components or circuits.

■ Data presentation and archiving. Data of the signature of the inter-ference field caused by the vessel’s stray field are presented. The opera-tor monitors stray field data for compliance with limit values with the aid of the presentations and initiates archiving on floppy disk memory.

Supportive tasks

The data processing system accomplis-hes tasks for the support of measuringprocedures and for operator assistance.They are partly aimed towards automation of routine jobs, anotherpart is directed at creating and maintai-ning a data base for the range.

Supportive tasks include: ■ Probe calibration check. The data

processing system automatically calibrates and functionally checks the magnetic probes to be used. Defective probes are identified for further action.

■ Provision of data ■ Ship’s data for description and

identification of vessels ■ Environmental data, such as water

depth and relevant meteorological data prevalent at the time of ranging

■ Information on a ship’s magnetic condition. Relevant data on the magnetic history of all vessels in thefleet such as previous magnetic treatment and ranging, as well as major overhauls are recorded in a ship’s catalogue.

Tridimensionaldisplay of field data

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Data Acquisition andEvaluation System

SAM Electronics provides two systemsto implement the ranging tasks associ-ated with different classes of vesselsand components, the MagneticRanging Systems MARAS 1000 andMARAS 300. ■ The MARAS 1000 system is

employed for multi-purpose ship’s magnetic ranges e.g. ranges having both overrun and stationary measur-ing facilities, permitting rapid pro-cessing of large quantities of data.

Maras 1000 electronic data processing system

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■ The MARAS 300 system is em-ployed for data acquisition and evalu-ation in magnetic ranging facilities for components. It is also suitable for single overrun ranges or small stationary ranges.

System Hardware

Both systems use modern highly sophisticated computers and peripheralequipment: ■ Computers for control of the entire

system: CPU with 16 bit or 32 bit architecture, extendable memory from 750 Kbyte to 2 Mbyte or 7.5 Mbyte capacity depending on the system. - Graphics terminal as dialog orien

ted man machine interface with a wide range of graphics capability.

- Magnetic Disk Unit (Winchester drive) for storage of application software programs and ranging data: 10 -130 Mbyte capacity, magnetic back-up tape unit for securing data and programs.

- Flexible disk unit for archiving ranging and ship specific data: Drives for all standard available disk sizes and formats, single or dual drive, up to 1.2 Mbyte capacity per drive.

- Printer for hardcopy documentation with Graphics capability.

- Plotter for hardcopy documentation with two to eight separately addressable pens and high resolution Cl Multicolor presentations.

- Data acquisition unit as interface between computer and magnetic system with processor control, high resolution, high speed A/D converter, analog channel multiplexer and digital in/outputs.

System Software

Both MARAS systems use extensivesoftware programs for processing dataderived from the ranging and magnetictreatment of vessels and components,structured into computer software andapplication software.

Computer software essentially compri-ses compiler-/interpreter- editor anddebugging programs together with extensive diagnostic software routinesfor self test of the computer hardwareassuring fast and reliable system main-tenance.

They are structured into ■ Data acquisition and correction

programs ■ Data evaluation and analysis

programs ■ Data presentation and archiving

programs ■ Utility programs

The programs allow interactive commu-nication between operator and compu-ter which assures that all ranging tasksspecified before can be implementedwith maximum speed and accuracy.The modular configuration of the appli-cation software assures economicaladaption to customer specific require-ments.

Coil Systems and PowerSupply

Magnetic ranging and treatment facili-ties require extensive coil systems forgeneration of artificial magnetic fields.Adequate power supply is needed toenergize them. These coil systems arecomposed of individual coil arrange-ments for ■ Generation of a vertically effective

magnetic field ■ Generation of a horizontally effective

magnetic field ■ Generation of a slowly pulsating

magnetic field for demagnetization treatment

■ Generation of a superimposed static magnetic field in vertical direction for use in special variants of the magnetic treatment.

The individual coil arrangements can beused in various combinations and in different modes, to suit all ranging andtreatment requirements. While checkranging of ferromagnetic vessels canbe performed without the need for arti-ficial magnetic fields, generated by thecoil systems, ranging for calibration ofdegaussing systems normally necessi-tates coil systems for compensation ofthe vertical and horizontal componentof the earth’s magnetic field. Thisallows separation of the permanentand induced ship’s magnetic field byover-runs on opposite headings. Forthe mag-netic treatment the same coilsystems provide the magnetically neu-tral environment by earth field compen-sation, while according to the processselected, the other two coil systemsgenerate the necessary magnetic treat-ment fields.

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Overrun ranges used for ranging andcalibration of degaussing systems aswell as for magnetic treatment thus require installation of all 4 coil systems.Stationary ranges used for calibrationranging of non-magnetic vesselsrequire artificial magnetic fields for rollsimulation. For this purpose, horizontaland vertical effective coil arrangementsare energized such that the resultantvector simulates roll angles and rollvelocities typical for mine countermea-sure vessels, to allow the measure-ment of the vessel’s eddy currentfields. A prerequisite both for magneticranging and for the magnetic treatmentis sufficient homogenity of the magne-tic fields generated by the coils,

necessitating complex coil designs. Aspecial computer aided design programis available at SAM Electronics for thispurpose.

SAM Electronics‘s concept of coilarrangement is characterized by theexclusive use of bottom coils, locatedon coil supports on the sea bed. Thisis a particularly economical solutionsince heavy supports for the horizontal-ly active (vertically arranged) coils areavoided. It also allows the unassistedoverrun of vessels during ranging andmagnetic treatment. The physicaldimensions of the individual coils andthe required field strength at therespective water depth prevailing atthe site determine the power demand.

SAM Electronics supplies the entireelectrical installation for magnetic ran-ging and demagnetization facilities.Apart from the coil systems these are:■ Switchgear and related control and

monitoring equipment. ■ Converter sets comprising AC drive

motors and connected DC genera-tors which allow individual control of coil currents.

SAM Electronics also supplies the highand medium voltage power transfor-mers and switchgear for connection ofthe ranging and treatment facility to thepublic utility power grid and dieselalternator sets for alternative or backup power supply.

Diesel generator setand switchgearcabinet for magnetictreatment facility

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Integrated Logistic Support

The Integrated Logistic Support (ILS)constitutes an essential part of SAMElectronics’s system responsibility formagnetic ranging and demagnetizationfacilities. Integrated logistic supportincludes:

Documentation

Extensive hardware and software documentation is provided to SAMElectronics’s military oriented companystandards.

Material Support

Detailed catalogues for spare parts, special tools and test equipment andtheir long term supply form the basis for life cycle support provided by SAMElectronics.

Training

SAM Electronics’s well proven trainingconcept includes comprehensivetraining of operators, maintenanceengineers and technicians as well astraining courses for the customer pro-

ject management personnel andsystem engineers. The training con-cept of SAM Electronics provides ahigh degree of ”know how“ transfer. Itassures efficient operation and highavailability of all systems.

Project Management

The vast experience in large scale navalprojects allows SAM Electronics tooffer systems for magnetic ranging andtreatment of ships and components ona turnkey basis. The assumption of thefull system responsibility for a projecton a turnkey basis includes the partici-pation of local resources, which maycontribute to the work in various workpackages.

Major work packages for implementa-tion of a magnetic measuring and demagnetization range are: ■ Site investigation ■ Realization proposal for the whole

project■ System design ■ Equipment production

■ Planning and drafting of civil construction works

■ Construction of civil works installation of equipment

■ Commissioning and setting to work ■ Logistic support.

SAM Electronics’s project managementwill guarantee the interfacing of allwork packages monitoring the projectunder technical and economicalaspects, thus ensuring the user issupplied with mature systems in fullcompliance to contractual specifica-tions.

Illustration:

Major work packages forimplementation.See appendix, page 20

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Appendix: Illustrations

Magnetic ranging tasks and range configurations for various types of vessels.

Ferromagnetic Vesselswithout a

Degaussing System

Ferromagnetic Vesselswith a

Degaussing System

Non-magnetic Vesselswith a

Degaussing System

Magnetic RangingMagnetic RangingMagnetic Treatment

CheckRanging

CalibrationRanging

CalibrationRanging

EddyCurrentRanging

Stray FieldRanging

CheckRanging

Overrun Range Stationary Range

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Probe and coil arrangement for a combined overrun range and magnetic treatment facility (figure shows E-W overrun course).

Probe and coil arrangement for a stationary range.

18

Diesel engineundergoing checkranging on a com-ponent range.

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Major system components for a magnetic ranging and treatment facility

Principle of SAM Electronic‘s integral magnetometer concept

Magnetometersystem

Earth´s FieldReference Probe

Data Acquisi-tion Unit

SystemComputer

Plotter

Printer

Display

Memory

Electronic Data Processing System

Combined Overrun Range and Treatment Facility

Stationary Range

Magnetic Treatment

Earth´s FieldCompensation

Roll Field Simulation

Field Simulation

Power Supply and Control Equipment

ControlConsole

Vessel´s Field

Earth´s Field

Field Offset

Const. Coil Field

Alt. Coil Field

MagneticField

MeasuringSystem

Analog Compensation Digital Compensation by Computer Software

Vessel´s Field

Electronic Data ProcessingSystem

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Major work packages for implementation.

Logistic Support

Commissioning andSetting to Work

Installation of Equipment Construction ofCivil Work

Planning and Draftingof Civil Work

Equipment Production System Design

Realization Proposalfor the Project

Site Investigation

Magnetic Ranging and Treatment Facility for Naval Application

21

Schematic layout for a magnetic ranging and treatment facility

Probe RowOverrunMeasuring

Facility

Jetty withMooringDolphins

Earth´s FieldReference Probe

Stationary MeasuringFacility

Catwalk

Control and Power Station