M7 - M9 y1-y2 : Citing and Referencing

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by Aurélie Gandour

Transcript of M7 - M9 y1-y2 : Citing and Referencing

Page 1: M7 - M9 y1-y2 : Citing and Referencing

by Aurélie Gandour

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Referencing: Giving credit to the original authors of ideas, data, or results, when using them in your own work.

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Plagiarism:Failing to reference

properly your sources, whether intentionally or unintentionally.

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When in doubt...Cite it!

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Citing and Referencing in Harvard Style

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CITING in-text

(Author, YEAR)

If the author’s name would not naturally be included in the sentence, add the author’s name and year of publication in brackets.

(YEAR)

If the author’s name occurs naturally in the sentence, the year of publication only should follow in brackets.

Recent research in social work (Smith, 2003) has shown that…

Smith and Jones (2003) found that…

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To this basic citation, you can add…

Page numbers

• In a recent study Ndlov(1996, p. 26) argued that…

• A recent study (Ndlov, 1996, pp. 26‐30) found that…

Other authors’ names

You can add directly the names of a total of three authors:• In a recent study (Smith and 

Jones, 2003)…• In a recent study (Smith, Jones 

and Hill, 2003)…For more than three authors, you have to write “et al.”:• In a recent study (Smith et al., 

2003)…

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YEAR troubleshooting

If you don’t know the year of publication, you can use the mention no date instead.

The earliest report (Harvey, no date, p. 231) showed that…

Harvey, P. (no date) Survey report. London: Sage.

In text:

Reference List:

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YEAR troubleshooting

If you need to cite two (or more) publications by an author published in the same year, distinguish them by allocating lower case letters in alphabetical order after the publication date.

In text:

Reference List:

In his study of the work of Rubens, Miller (2006a, p. 18) emphasised the painter’s mastery of drama in his larger compositions. However, his final analysis (Miller, 2006b, pp. 143‐152) argued that…

Miller, S. (2006a) The Flemish masters. London: Phaidon PressMiller, S. (2006b) Rubens and his art. London: Killington Press

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Secondary Reference

To cite a document cited in another one, use the phrase “cited in” and give the page number.

There was further evidence to support researchers’ views on genetic abnormalities in crops (White, 2001, cited in Murray, 2007, p.82).

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Quotations

Short quotations are enclosed in quotation marks.

Smith (2003, p. 11) states that ‘Harvard referencing has to be done accurately’.

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Quotations

Longer quotations are separated from the text.

Cottrel (1999, p. 10) in discussing plagiarism states thatPlagiarism is using the work of others without acknowledging your sources of information or inspiration. This includes: using words more or else exactly as they have been used in articles, lectures, television programmes, or anywhere else.

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Referencing a book

Name, I. (YEAR) Title of the book. Town: Publisher.Schetina, E. (2002) Internet site security. Boston: Addison‐Wesley.

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Referencing a book

You have to write all of the authors’ names.

Smith, J., Jones, W., March, M. and Chapman, B. (2004) Harvard citations in easy stages. London: Academic Press.

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If the book has an editor, use her name + (ed.)or (eds) for plural instead of the author.

Andresen, L. (ed.) (1994) Strategies for assessing students. Birmingham: SCED.

Referencing a book

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You can add a book series and number.

McIlroy, D. (2003) Studying at university: how to be a successful student. London: Sage (Sage Essential Study Skills, 23).

Referencing a book

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If this is not a first edition, add the edition number.

Christopher, M. (1998) Logistics and supply chain management. 2nd edn. London: Prentice Hall.

Referencing a book

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Referencing a Book Chapter

Name, I. (YEAR) ‘Title of the chapter’, in NameEditor, I. (ed.) Title of the book. Town: Publisher, pp. xx‐xx.

Jones, D. (2004) ‘Understanding Harvard referencing’, in Brown, P. (ed.) Writing references in extremely easy stages. London: Academic Press, pp. 21‐25.

Pears, R. and Shields, G. (2010) ‘How should I set out citations and quotations in my text?’, in Cite them right: the essential referencing guide. 8th edn. Houndmills: Palgrave MacMillan, pp. 4‐8.

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A Paper in a Collection

Name, I. (YEARpaper) ‘Title of the paper’, in NameEditor, I. (ed.) Title of the book. Town: Publisher, YEARbook, pp. xx‐xx.

Freud, S. (1920) ‘Beyond the pleasure principle’, in The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud.Vol.18. London: Hogarth Press, 1955, pp. 3‐64.

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Referencing an article

Name, I. (YEAR) ‘Title of the paper’, Name of the Journal, Volume(Issue), pp. xx‐xx.

Haddock, M. (1994) ‘Are you thinking of writing a bibliography?’, College and Research Libraries News, 55(8), pp. 471‐474.

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Author (YEAR) Title of the page. Available at: <URL> (Accessed: date).

NHS Direct (2010) Colds and flu. Available at :  https://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/en/CheckSymptoms/SATs/coldandflu (Accessed: 10 August 2010).

Referencing a Web Page

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Referencing a Web Page

If your document doesn’t have an author, use the title instead.

Editing References (2015). Available at: http://www.myendnoteweb.com/ help/en_us/ENW/hsr_edit.htm (Accessed: 09/03/2015).

The help page (Editing References, 2015) explained…

In text:

Reference List:

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Referencing a Web Page

If a webpage doesn’t have an author nor a title, use its URL instead.

Compression may be required (http:// www.newmedia.com/compression.html, 2009)

In text:

Reference List: http://www.newmedia.com/compression.html (2009) (Accessed: 16 July 2010).

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Good luck with your referencing!

agandour@tavi‐port.nhs.uk

@iSkillsTavi

http://tavi‐iskills.blogspot.co.uk

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