LUSI Coherent X-ray Imaging Instrument WBS 1.3
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Transcript of LUSI Coherent X-ray Imaging Instrument WBS 1.3
Sébastien [email protected]
LUSI DOE Review August 19, 2008Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 1
LUSILUSICoherent X-ray Imaging InstrumentCoherent X-ray Imaging Instrument
WBS 1.3WBS 1.3
Sébastien Boutet – CXI Instrument ScientistLUSI DOE ReviewAugust 19, 2008
Team Leader: Janos Hajdu
Lead Engineer: Paul Montanez, P.E.
Engineer: Jean-Charles Castagna
Engineer: Armin Busse
Designer: Richard Jackson
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LUSI DOE Review August 19, 2008Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 2
Outline
CXI ScienceCXI LocationSystem Physics RequirementsSystem ScopeSystem DescriptionSystem LayoutCD-4B DeliverablesEarly ScienceScheduleCostsMajor Risks6-month Look-aheadSummary
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Science Team
Specifications and instrument concept developed with the science team.
The CXI team leadersJanos Hajdu, Photon Science-SLAC, Uppsala University (leader)Henry Chapman, DESY, University of HamburgJohn Miao, UCLA
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Coherent Diffractive Imaging of Biomolecules
Combine 105-107 measurements into 3D dataset
Noisy diffraction pattern
LCLS pulse
Particle injection
One pulse, one measurement
Gösta Huldt, Abraham Szöke, Janos Hajdu (J.Struct Biol, 2003 02-ERD-047)
Wavefront sensor or second detector
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CXI Science
3D bio imaging beyond the damage limit
Single injected reproducible biomolecules that can’t be crystallized
ProteinsMembrane ProteinsVirusesMolecular complexesMolecular machines
Biomolecular structure determination from nanocrystals
No need for large high quality crystals
2D bio imaging beyond the damage limit
Live hydrated cells with particle injectorNanoparticles
Quantum dotsAmorphous nanoparticles
High fluence X-ray-matter interactions
Damage studies during the pulseEffect of tamper layers on damage
Protein molecule injection
To mass spectrometer
X-ray diffraction pattern
LCLS
detector detector
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CXI Instrument Location
XCS
AMO(LCLS)
CXIEndstation
XPP
Near Experimental Hall
Far Experimental Hall
X-ray Transport Tunnel
Source to Sample distance : ~ 440 m
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Far Experimental Hall
Coherent X-ray Imaging Instrument
Control Room
Lab Area
X-ray Correlation SpectroscopyInstrument
High Energy DensityInstrument
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CXI Physics Requirements
GoalsPerform imaging of single particles at highest spatial resolution achievable using single LCLS pulsesImage biological nanoparticles beyond the classical damage limit using single LCLS pulses
Tailor and characterize X-ray beam parametersSpatial ProfileIntensityRepetition rate
Deliver the sample to the beam and control its environmentKey Performance Parameters
4-20 keV energy rangeUsing the fundamental and third harmonic
0.1-0.01% energy resolutionParticle Injector
10-1000 nm size range
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LUSI DOE Review August 19, 2008Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 9
CXI Physics Requirements
Requirement Device
Remove X-ray beam halo X-ray Guard Slits/Apertues
Tailor X-ray intensity Attenuators
Tailor X-ray repetition rate Pulse Picker
Characterize X-ray pulse intensity Intensity Monitor
Characterize X-ray spatial profile Profile Monitor
Characterize X-ray pulse intensity before the sample on every shot
Non-destructive Intensity Monitor
Characterize X-ray focus Wavefront Monitor
Align experiment without X-ray beam Reference Laser
Maximize X-ray flux on sampleTailor focal spot size to the sample
Focusing optics1 micron Kirkpatrick-Baez Mirrors0.1 micron Kirkpatrick-Baez Mirrors
Minimize air scatter and backgroundPosition sample and final apertures
Sample environment
Position sample environment Instrument Stand
Deliver single particles to the X-ray beam in the gas phase
Particle Injector
Measure X-ray scattering pattern 2D X-ray Detector (Utilizing the LCLS Detector)
Position X-ray area detector Detector Stage
Analysis of sample fragments after Coulomb explosion
Ion Time-of-Flight
Photon Shutter
Guard Slits
Attenuators
Pulse Picker
Sample EnvironmentParticle InjectorIon TOF-MS
KB Mirrors
FE
H H
utch
5
Wavefront Monitor
Detector Stage
Beam Dump
Guard Slits
Guard Slits
KB Mirrors
Aperture
Aperture
X-ray T
ransp
ort T
un
nel
Diagnostics
Diagnostics
Diagnostics
Guard Slits
Diagnostics
Reference Laser
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LUSI DOE Review August 19, 2008Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 10
CXI SCOPE - WBS 1.3
WBS Scope/CD-2 Cost Includes:
1.3.1 CXI System Integration & Design
1.3.2 CXI X-ray Optics - 2 KB mirror systems
1.3.3 CXI Lasers - Reference Laser
1.3.4 CXI Coherent Imaging Injector
1.3.5CXI Sample Environment – 2 Sample Chambers, 2 Stands, Detector Stage & Sample diagnostics
1.3.6 CXI Hutch Facilities
1.3.7 CXI Vacuum system
1.3.8 CXI Installation
Other Related WBS
1.5 Diagnostics & Common Optics
1.6 Controls and Data Acquisition
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CXI System Description
1.3.1 CXI System Integration and Design1.3.2 CXI X-ray optics
Focusing2 K-B systems
1 micron focus 0.1 micron focus
Coherence preserving and diffraction limitedAccept the full beam
1.3.3 CXI LaserReference laser
Align the experiment without the LCLS beam
1.3.4 Coherent Imaging InjectorFocused beam of particles of varying size
Particle size range: 10-1000 nmRemotely controlled
Steering range : 10 mmReentrant range: 150 mm
Particle beam diagnosticsBeam positionBeam density
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CXI System Description
1.3.5 CXI Sample Environment1 micron Sample chamber
Vacuum better than 10 -7 torrSample translation stagesAperture translation stagesInterfaces with Detector Stage. particle injector and ion TOFCompatible with 1 micron KB system only
1 micron instrument standSupports 1 micron Sample Chamber and Detector Stage
Sample diagnosticsIon TOF mass spectrometer
Detector Stage 50-2400 mm from sample
0.1 micron Sample ChamberSimilar to 1 micron Sample ChamberCompatible with 1 micron and 0.1 micron KB systems
0.1 micron instrument standSupports 0.1 micron Sample Chamber, 0.1 micron KB System and Detector Stage
0.1 micron KB System
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CXI System Description
1.3.6 CXI Hutch facilitiesUtilitiesCabinets
1.3.7 CXI Vacuum system10-7 Torr
1.3.8 CXI Installation
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CXI Instrument Layout
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CXI Instrument Layout (X-ray Transport Tunnel)
Optics near the tunnel exitSlitsDiagnostics
Pop-in Profile Monitors (Beam viewers)Pop-in Intensity monitorsIntensity-Position Monitors (Non-destructive intensity monitors)
AttenuatorsPulse PickerReference Laser
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CXI Instrument Layout (FEH Hutch #5)
2 KB systems to produce 1000 and 100 nm focusEach KB deflects the beam and the sample chamber must move with the beam
Precision Instrument Stand holds the Sample Chamber, the Detector Stage and the 0.1 micron KB system10 meters of space behind sample chamber
Wavefront Monitor to characterize the focusUsed as a second detector for low q data
DiagnosticsSlits
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CXI Instrument Design
1 micron focusKB system (not shown)
0.1 micronKB system
Sample Chamber with raster stage
Detector Stage(Utilizing the LCLS Detector)
Diagnostics &Wavefront Monitor
Particle injector
LCLS Beam
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CD-4B CXI Instrumentation
CD-4B components1 micron KB System1 micron Sample Chamber1 micron Precision Instrument StandDetector StageCommon optics and Diagnostics
Pulse PickerAttenuatorsSome slits and diagnostics
CD-4C components0.1 micron KB System0.1 micron Sample Chamber0.1 micron Precision Instrument StandParticle InjectorIon Time-of-FlightCommon optics and Diagnostics
Remaining slits and diagnostics
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Category Required Deliverables
Support stands for optics and diagnostics
All
Focusing Optics 1 micron KB System
Sample Environment 1 micron Sample Chamber, Detector Stage and 1 micron Precision Instrument Stand
Vacuum & Transport System
Vacuum & transport system installed and operational
Diagnostics & Optics Pop-In Profile Monitor (1), Pop-In Intensity Monitor (1), Intensity-Position Monitors (1), Wavefront Monitor (1), Guard Slits (2), Pulse Picker
Controls & DAQ Controls and Data Acquisition required for listed components installed and operational
CD-4B CXI Instrumentation
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CD-4B CXI Science
Proof of principle imaging of test objects at diffraction limited resolution with a single LCLS shot.
2D imaging of nanoparticlesMacromolecular structure determination from nanocrystals of proteins.
Proteins that form nanocrystals but do not form large crystals suitable for crystallography at synchrotron source.3D diffraction pattern built from multiple injected nanocrystals.
Relative orientation of each crystal determined from common lattice structure.
X-ray laser-matter interactions under high fluence Measurement of damage during pulse and comparison to damage models.
Known samples on substratesKnown virusesCalibrated nanoparticles
Damage versus fluence measurements.Study of radiation damage mitigation techniques.
Thin tamper layers around a single molecule may slow the damage process.
Imaging of cells beyond the damage limit in 2D.
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LUSI DOE Review August 19, 2008Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 21
CXI Schedule
Preliminary Design ReviewsDetector Stage – September 2008Reference Laser – October 20081 micron Sample Chamber – December 2008Particle Injector – August 2009 1 micron KB System – October 2009 1 micron Instrument Stand – December 2009Ion TOF – June 2010
Final Instrument Design Review – October 2009Final Design Reviews
Reference Laser – December 2008Detector Stage – May 20091 micron Sample Chamber – June 2009Particle Injector – December 20091 micron KB System – March 20101 micron Instrument Stand – March 2010Ion TOF – July 2010
Project Ready for CD-3B - October 2009Award PO
1 micron KB System – April 20091 micron Sample Chamber – January 2010Detector Stage – January 20101 micron Precision Instrument Stand – May 2010
Receive1 micron Sample Chamber – April 2010Detector Stage – June 20101 micron KB System – August 20101 micron Precision Instrument Stand – September 2010
Project Ready for CD-4B - April 2011
All dates are early finish
FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11
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CXI Level 3 Cost Breakdown
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CXI Major Risks
KB Mirror SystemsVendor doesn’t meet specifications
MitigationHave SLAC quality control supervise the final fabrication process and final surface characterizationIdentify vendors with proven capabilities
Delays impact other critical systemsMitigation
Break the link between the KB0.1 mirrors and the chamber by building a second chamber to be used early with the KB1 system only
Sample ChamberLack of information regarding 0.1µm KB delays chamber engineering effort
MitigationBreak the link between the KB0.1 mirrors and the chamber by building a second chamber to be used early with the KB1 system only
Particle InjectorRemote operation
MitigationLeverage institutional efforts to solve this problemMove injector to a CD-4C deliverable to relieve schedule risk
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6-month Look-ahead
6 month “look-ahead” at Level 4/5 MilestonesESDs released
CXI Detector Stage – Sept 08 CXI Reference Laser – Sept 08CXI 1.0µm KB System – Sept 08CXI 1.0µm Precision Instrument Stand – Sept 08CXI 1.0µm Sample Chamber – Oct 08CXI 0.1µm KB System – Oct 08
PRDs releasedCXI Injector – Jan 09
Preliminary Design ReviewsCXI Detector Stage – Sept 08CXI Reference Laser – Oct 08CXI Vacuum Equipment – Nov 08CXI 1.0µm Sample Chamber – Dec 08
Final Design ReviewsCXI Reference Laser – Dec 08Vacuum System Equipment – Jan 09Cornell Detector Packaging (Participate in) – Feb 09
Vendor RelatedRelease CXI KB Systems RFP – Jan 09Receive CXI KB Systems Vendor Proposals – Feb 09
Far Experimental Hall HutchesFEH H5 Preliminary Layout – Sept 08
LCLS 30%, 60%, 90% hutch drawing review – Sept 08, Oct 08 and Jan 09LCLS FEH FDR – Jan 09
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Summary
Instrument accommodates a wide variety of cutting edge research capabilities and fulfills the CD-0 missionInstrument concept is based on proven developments made at FLASH and SR sourcesSafety hazards have been identified in the Hazard Analysis Report (HAR)Safety issues are considered at every step of the design and fabrication processScope of instrument fully definedResource loaded schedule developed through end of projectPreliminary design of key components is well advancedCXI and LUSI are ready for CD-2 approval
Sébastien [email protected]
LUSI DOE Review August 19, 2008Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 26