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LTE eNodeB RF antenna system and installation

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Revision HistoryProduct VersionDocument VersionSerial NumberReason for Revision

V1.00V1.01First published

AuthorDateDocument VersionPrepared byReviewed byApproved by

2010-3-31V1.01Hou yuan bo

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About This DocumentSummaryChapterDescription

1 project installation preparationIntroduction the basic preparation before start

2 Antenna system structure, cables and components Introduction the material of the antenna system

3 The installation of RF systemIntroduction the procedure of installation

TABLE OF CONTENTS11Project installation preparation

11.1Installation engineer preparation

11.2Site environment check

21.3Security check

21.4Tools check

42Antenna system structure, cables and components

42.1Antenna system architecture description

62.2Antenna

62.2.1Antenna Overview

72.2.2Antenna Shape

82.2.3Antenna specifications

92.3Main feeder

92.3.1Overview

92.3.2Shape

92.3.3Specifications

102.4Grounding card

102.4.1Overview

102.4.2Architecture

102.4.3Specifications

112.5Fixed card feeder

112.5.1Overview

112.5.2Architecture

112.5.3Specifications

123The installation of Radio frequency system

123.1The flow of installation

123.2Antenna installation

133.2.1The parameters of antenna installation

143.2.2The procedure of antenna installation

143.2.3To determine the location of the antenna installation

153.2.4Sealing jumper and antenna connections

153.2.5Lifting and installation of the antenna

173.2.6Installation of Directional antenna

203.2.7Installation of Omnidirectional antenna

213.3The installation of feeder

223.3.1Feeder installation process

223.3.2Determination of feeder routes

223.3.3Production of main feeder connector

263.3.4Feeder clipping

263.3.5Pulled up the main feeder

273.3.6Main feeder and the antenna connection

273.3.7Main feeder of the deployment, fixed

293.3.8Feeder Grounding card installation

333.3.9Main feeder penetration room

353.4Test VSWR

353.5Waterproof connector

FIGURES2Figure 11 Basic VLAN Solution Dividing VLANs by Services

2Figure 12 Basic VLAN Solution Dividing VLANs by Services ONT Support VLAN Conversion

TABLES2Table 11 Configured Power Adapter Input Voltage

2Table 12 Power Adapter Input Voltage (Mode 2)

1 Project installation preparationThe construction quality of antenna system is closely related to the work performance of the base station system. The installation of antenna system usually takes 80% of the whole cost of installation.Before the installation, the installer should carry out aerial work qualification, check the installation environment, safety measures, and tools to prepare the goods for works smoothly.1.1 Installation engineer preparationProject Supervisor is responsible for the overseeing the implementation of installation, the concrete implementation of antenna installer.Supervision of installation requirements: be familiar with the antenna used in the construction materials, tools, methods of operation, and is responsible for organizing and coordinating the installer, in the "safety first" principle to arrange the installer, especially tower operations.The requirements of the installer: under the guidance of supervision to install the antenna, the tower operators require Aerial Certificate, the body in good condition, use of safety equipment to comply with the provisions of personal safety, have purchased insurance, forbidden work after drinking.1.2 Site environment check

1Check the outdoor lightning protection grounding cable is to meet the requirements, the antenna lightning rod, lightning protection grounding point, the distance between the antenna pole, pole and wind strong degree of compliance with design requirements. Make sure the necessary equipment and materials required for project preparation, declare the routes of the main feeder.2Lightning rod, lightning protection grounding, lightning protection grounding cable, antenna pole, antenna and antenna support rail and other network operators to install the environment has been installed.3The antenna installation place can not be too close to the power cable.

4 Confirm the installation period the base station antenna device is not on power.1.3 Security check

1It is stressed that safety precautions to the construction workers.2Construction of outdoor antenna should be without strong winds in the daytime, is not allowed installation in the rain, strong winds, thunder lightning.3The project site clearly marked to alert people unrelated keep away from the construction site. The staff have a duty to urge the construction of unrelated persons, especially children. All the device used in the Tower which could fall on the use of all casualties caused by the tower and equipment must be strictly managed, such as: not to use the tower on the tools, metal parts, etc. should be reliably installed into the canvas tool bags, canvas tool bag should be taken with the apparatus With the open, take after sealing. Notes:

Tower operators must use the safety seat belt, wearing a helmet under the tower must not allowed to wear loose clothing and shoes easy to slip on the tower.

1.4 Tools checkThe installation tools include:1Measurement tools: a compass, a multimetera dip metera tape measure2Communication tools: two mobile phones;3Lifting tools: pulley, pull the rope main feeder and antenna;4Special tools: the main feeder joint production of special tools;5Other tools: a spanner, a long nosed plier, diagonal nose pliers, a electric knife, a paper knife, a rasp, a hacksaw.6Safety equipment: a safety belt (for the tower taken the platform of operators to use), safety helmets, safety rope, thick overalls, RF protective clothing, canvas tool bags, gloves;7Others: the word ladder, lift the main feeder wooden axle tools, multi-outlet, an electric drill and drill bits;8 Surveying instruments: SiteMaster, Spectrum analyzer, (required under special circumstances), field tester (required under special circumstances).2 Antenna system structure, cables and components 2.1 Antenna system architecture descriptionRF antenna system consists of the main antenna, antenna jumpers, the main feeder lines, surge arresters, grounding card feeder, feeder cards, set-top jumper etc., in theory, a typical 7 / 8 "main feeder 3, the RF antenna sector 6 days feeding system as shown below: RF antenna system consists of the main antenna, antenna jumpers, the main feeder, surge arresters, grounding card feeder, feeder cards, set-top jumper etc., in theory, a typical 7 / 8 "main feeder 3, the RF antenna sector 6 days Feeding system as shown below:

The typical structure diagram of three sector antenna system

RRU can be combined with LTE product features installed on the tower, now in the actual project, when the feeder waiting longer than 19 meters, you can choose to install on the tower RRU, RRU their respective sectors and antenna installed in the hold with a rod, when Feeder length of less than 19 meters, they can choose to RRU installed in the tower, these two cases do not need to use jumpers and lightning arrester, in addition, most of the RRU installed outdoors, it is generally no need to install feeder window The antenna is more than a single dual-polarized directional antenna options installed, so, LTE system RF master antenna system there are two cases, one for the RRU is installed in the tower.

2.2 Antenna

2.2.1 Antenna OverviewBase station antenna radiation pattern can be divided in accordance with omnidirectional antenna and directional antenna. Omnidirectional antenna at the same level of radiation intensity in all directions are equal for all the coverage to the community; directional antenna at the same level with the direction of radiation, energy radiated more concentrated, applied to fan-shaped area of coverage.In the antenna horizontal (vertical) pattern, as opposed to the maximum point of the main lobe 3dB power gain two points down the angle between the sheets, defined as the level of the antenna (vertical) beam width, also called the level of some of the literature (vertical) or horizontal beam width (vertical) lobe angle. Antenna radiation, most of the energy is concentrated within the beam width, beam width reflects the size of the antenna radiation concentration. Horizontal omnidirectional antenna beam width are 360(, and the common level of directional antenna beam width are 20(30(65(90(105(120(180(other; vertical antenna beam width is generally between 380( the base station antenna is used more between 5(18( antenna. Antennas and antenna gain is the horizontal and vertical beam width is closely related, in general, the smaller the antenna beam width, the greater the gain of the antenna, so when you set these three parameters should be considered together.2.2.2 Antenna Shape

omnidirectional antenna

directional antenna2.2.3 Antenna specifications

NameValue

Frequency band824~896MHz

VSWR1.5

Gain7~18dBi

Impedance, ohmsVertical polarization dual polarization directional antenna

Horizontal beamwidth65(90(105(120(360(

Lightning ProtectionGrounding

Power250W

PIM-150dBc @243dBm

WaterproofMatch IP65 protocol

endure the ice100mm

Wind speedworking 110km/hmax 200km/h

connetctor7/16F

impedance50

Working temperature40~+70

2.3 Main feeder2.3.1 Overview

Main feeder is the main cable which used to connect the RRU and antenna, it must

be loss of small.2.3.2 Shape

2.3.3 Specifications

NameValue

impedance50

VSWR450-2200MHz 1.2

decay7.45 dB/100m 800MHz

Power0.49 kW

Insulation resistance 3000 M(.km

Minimum bend radiussinge 80 mm

more 160 mm15times

Working temperature-40 ~ +70

2.4 Grounding card2.4.1 Overview

Grounding card is used for the grounding of grounding coaxial cable, it easy to install and protect coaxial cable systems from lightning reliable, it should be grounding at the top and the bottom of tower and the transceiver entrance.

2.4.2 Architecture

2.4.3 SpecificationsNameValue

Size1/27/8

Materialcopper

surface silver or tin

Instantaneous over current150A

Ground resistance1(

2.5 Fixed card feeder2.5.1 Overview

Fixed card feeder is used to fix feeder, its made of strong UV and low temperature resistance material. According to the number of fixed feeders, it can divided into single-joint card, double card, triple card , the aperture and the diameter of the feeder fixed the same.2.5.2 Architecture

2.5.3 Specifications

NameValue

Size1/27/8

Material polypropylene material, ABS plastic

Other requirementsbeautiful appearance, reasonable structure, strong and durable, easy to install

3 The installation of Radio frequency system3.1 The flow of installation

3.2 Antenna installationThe different antenna install in different ways.

Notes:

The antenna installation, pay attention to personal and equipment safety; in adjusting the antenna has been opened, it should turn off the amplifier, and to take certain measures (such as wearing radiation protection clothing, etc.), to avoid the front of the antenna radiation on the human body.

- 1.

1. ohm

3.2.1 The parameters of antenna installation1. Antenna installation instructions

2. Antenna height : determined by the network planning;

3. Antenna azimuth: determined by the network planning;

4. Antenna angle: determined by the network planning , usually 0~12adjustable.

5. Antenna Pointing: antenna pointing azimuth by the antenna to determine if the same sector antenna using two losses, the two antenna point must be the same.

3.2.2 The procedure of antenna installation

3.2.3 To determine the location of the antenna installation

The location of the antenna installation should be accordance with design drawings to determine antenna installation diagram. If to change, must consult with customer representatives, for a change of design solutions. The installation should pay attention to light protecting as figure blow. The antenna and outdoor equipment should be installed within the 45 protection range of the light arrestor.

Notes:

Make sure the lightning rod has connected with grounding

3.2.4 Sealing jumper and antenna connections Confirm:

Antenna jumper before It`s better to connect the antenna jumper before it`s hanging to the tower, and be waterproof. High-altitude operation time can be reduced to improve water quality connections and fittings.1Aligning the antenna, the antenna jumper interface, twist tight.2 The waterproofing of joints, the steps detailed in the chapter of waterproof.

3.2.5 Lifting and installation of the antenna

Notes:

Antenna tower personnel and lifting required under the tower with the two parties and carried out under the tower during hoisting personnel must be involved rope, pull the antenna away from the tower, antenna and tower to avoid the bump.

1.Antenna installed in the Tower, which need to use a rope and pulley blocks with the antenna, antenna jumpers and all the accessories (such as tools, seat belts, all kinds of tape, cable ties, etc.) to the top of the tower crane platform, and placed in easy to fall at , good safety measures. Antenna fixed parts, wrenches and other small metal objects should be loaded after the lifting canvas tool bag sealing.

When lifting the antenna should be tied at both ends to coordinate the works staff in the tower.

2.Antenna installed on the roof, you can move the antenna and materials to the installation location first.

3.2.6 Installation of Directional antenna

Confirm:

Antennas of different manufacturers, different models, installation is different, this section KATHREIN antennas as an example to illustrate the installation process, the installation process, please read the installation instructions that comes with the antenna, according to the specific circumstances of the construction.1Initial assembly of directional antenna accessoriesKATHREIN as an example. Before fixed the antenna ,rig out the assembly of fasteners 737974 to the upper and lower ends of the antenna, then connect the assembly of fastener 1and 2, complete the initial installation of directional antenna. All attachments must be installed with a spring washer peace gasket.Fixed accessories of antenna, angle adjustment device accessories usually pre-installed before.

2The initial fixed of directional antennaFixture will have been installed accessories hold the antenna directional antenna pole set: the first not to over tighten the screw to facilitate the adjustment of the antenna direction, antenna down tilt; but not too loose, to ensure that the antenna will not fall down. 3The adjustment of the antenna azimuth1Using a compass to determine the antenna azimuth. According to the project design drawings, determine the direction of directional antenna.2Gently adjust the antenna positive direction,at the same time, compass measurements with the antenna orientation, until the error is within the requirements of engineering design (usually require error is less than 5 ).3After adjusting the antenna azimuth, it will tighten the fasteners 738,516. 4Adjust the antenna angle1First adjust the angle measuring instrument with a knob to make it a pointer to engineering design perspective.Angle measuring instrument is used to measure the angle of the special measuring tools

2put the tester on the top of antenna. Gently pulled the top of the antenna, the antenna at the top of the opening or tightening, adjust the antenna down tilt, dip the test until the water drops on the center dashboard.

3After adjustment, tighten the fastener 1.3.2.7 Installation of Omnidirectional antenna1The lower of the antenna pole near the antenna sheath, sheathing the top should be flush with the pole at the top or slightly higher than the top of the pole.2 The antenna with the antenna clip sheath and the lower pole of fixed points, the degree of tightness should ensure that the load-bearing and wind, and will not be loose; and it is not too tight, so clip bad antenna sheath.

3Check the antenna vertical, omnidirectional antenna must be vertical. After confirmation the vertical antenna, the antenna rod tightening the hold.4Pole antenna is installed out tower platform, adjust the antenna pole out to ensure that the antenna vertical.3.3 The installation of feeder

In the LTE system, because generally do not install the jumper and the lightning arrester, installation of feeder is generally installed main feeder, and the main feeder is 1 / 2' feeder, so this section of 1 / 2''feeder is installed in the tower for the RRU cases are explained.3.3.1 Feeder installation process

3.3.2 Determination of feeder routesFeeder routes should be based on engineering design drawings in the chart to determine the feeder away, if the feeder routes to be changed because of the actual situation should be resolved through consultation as soon as possible and user representatives, but to pay attention to the length of the main feeder lines should be as short as possible.

3.3.3 Production of main feeder connector Notes:

Joint production of feeder antenna installation is the most important aspect of production quality directly affect equipment operation and network quality. Comparison of installation tools sharp, be correct, to avoid harming the human body.The tools of the production of 1 / 2 feeder, such as

Cutting the cable jacket: one end of the feeder connector will be installed about 150 mm, straightening it with a security tool to 51 mm away from the port at present cable cut and strip the skin;

3 Add O-ring, grease, and tighten the nut: After cutting the cable jacket at the last trough of the first to add a second O-ring, and then add the oil in turn, inserted into the cable and tighten the nut;

4 Cutting the outer conductor: along the side of the nut along the cable with an external copper cutting tool, pay attention, cutting to smooth flat run, and then take it out;

5 Remove foam: After cutting the outer conductor end will clear the inside of the foam;

6 Inner conductor cutting, removal of residues: cutting the excess inner conductor, reservations about the length of 6.35mm;

7 Compressed foam: the first steps in the production process, the plastic around the inner conductor may be loose, you need to compress the surface of the plastic foam;

8 Expansion of the outer conductor, check the expansion of the surface to remove debris

9 Add O-rings and grease, re-assembled connector, with torque.

3.3.4 Feeder clippingUsers at site should be based on accurate measurement of the agreed final main feeder route length, and according to the required length of each feeder section of the feeder to the Conference.1Re-routing based on the actual use of measuring tape to determine the length of each sector of the main feeder.2The actual length of the measurement an additional 1 m ~ 2 m more, cutting with a saw.3After each cut a main feeder, in every main feeder must be labeled the temporary labels at the both ends, such as RFE0-ANT0RFE0-ANT1RFE1-ANT0RFE1-ANT1RFE2-ANT0RFE2-ANT1 and so on. After installation, the official feeder paste labels.4 The feeder which has clipped will be shipped to roof or tower platform. Handling process, to ensure that feeder from damage, squeezed.3.3.5 Pulled up the main feederMain feeder is installed in the tower, the need to pulley:1Check the main feeder at a distance of 0.3 m at both ends of the main feeder logo affixed to confirm there is no confusion.2The main feeder connection with linen protection (also anti-static bag and add foam protection), truss with a cable tie.3Hoisting rope about 0.4 m away from the feeder head and tie a knot at the fixed head at about 3.4 m away from the feeder at the call back and knot. The staffs of both sides pull up the feeder, feeder and promotion process to ensure the head does not hit the tower feed compromised.4 Feeder hanging from the tower platform, the top fixed to the appropriate location, to multi-point fixed, to prevent the fall from the tower.

3.3.6 Main feeder and the antenna connectionHoisting the main feeder to the tower and fixed, to connect the main feeder and the antenna. Connected, to conduct joint waterproof, treatment methods described below joints waterproof.3.3.7 Main feeder of the deployment, fixed1 The principle of laying the main feeder Main feeder walking along the main feeder cabling rack line aircraft, tower ladder laying the alignment should be no cross. Before laying the main feeder be sure to understand the main feeder route, it is best to go in the paper draw lines from the actual, so as to avoid crossing the main feeder and rework. The minimum bend radius of the main feeder of not less than 20 times the radius of the main feeder;

For 1 / 2''feeder, the one-time minimum bend radius bend 80 mm, repeated bending of the minimum bending radius of 160 mm.For 7 / 8 "feeder, the one-time minimum bend radius bend 90 mm. Repeated bending of the minimum bend radius 250 mm, not more than 15 times the number of bending.For the 5 / 4 "feeder, the one-time minimum bend radius bend 150 mm. Repeated bending of the minimum bend radius 380 mm, not more than 15 times the number of bending. Feeder Card (HANGER) Pitch: In principle, the use of 1 / 2 "feeder, the intervals of 1 meter installed a feeder card 7 / 8" feeder or 5 / 4 "feeder, the intervals of 1.5 meters installed a feeder card ; the local wind speed is greater than 160 km / h, the appropriate spacing decreases triple feeder card.the steps of fixed the main feeder1Pre-alignment along the tower or rack about once every 1.5 m (7 / 8 "feeder circumstances) to install the main feeder triple feeder card, on-site installation, according to the actual circumstances tower, but no more than between the two feeder card 1.65 m; triple feeder card installed, the spacing should be as even as possible, in the same direction. in the same alignment of two rows of ladder feeder if installed within the card, should take the line card to keep two parallel neatly. triad shapes, such as feeder card plans

2The main feeder from the antenna to the indoor before the preliminary straightened out.3Fixed from the main feeder down, straighten out the border checkpoint into the triple edge card feeder, feeder on the tight, after neat card, the main feeder to keep straight and avoid feeder between the two feeder card uplift, not in the feeder of fixed ends feeder. 4 Main feeder along the wall comes in from the roof, the network operators should do the outdoor climbing wall alignment ladder, the main feeder line in the ladder should be used to go triple feeder card holder.3.3.8 Feeder Grounding card installation1 The principle of laying the main feederEach main feeder communication systems typically to install feeder lines should be grounded for at least three cards, location are as follows: at the tower platform, the main feeder to leave the tower at the main feeder into the RRU before.Installed in the roof antenna system, antenna bracket, new cabling rack are required to support rail welded to the building lightning online. Feeders also need to have three grounding, location are as follows: feeders out at the antenna pole, to leave the roof at the feeder, before the feeder into the RRU.Feeders from the roof along the wall indoor (RRU inside), the line outdoor cabling rack that provided by network provider must be grounded. Feeder common ground communications equipment as shown below:

The scene with the actual installation RRU, RRU grounding principles are described below:The general principle: feeder length is less than 5 meters without grounding; 5 meters -20 meters in one grounding; more than 20 meters in two grounding. More than 60 meters increase one grounding every 20 m. Scenarios based on the recommended installation RRU (Tower, simple roof tower, pole installation) standard are divided into the following feeder ground varies in different situations, in particular:RRU and antenna in the same metal rod: When the feeder when the total length of less than 5m, RRU's feeder does not need the grounding, when the feeder is equal to the total length of more than 5m, the feeder's outer shield should be connected to the RF port RRU done before ground processing, receives the nearest ground wire leads to the ground point on the pole

2 RRU on ground and antenna installed in the tower

Copper outdoor structures usually installed in the feeder outside the window wall, the best location for the feeder below the window, or roof rain wall feeder wells. In principle, appropriate to close the window away from the feeder. Actual installation in the field, the first should be based on engineering design drawings to determine location of the outdoor installation of copper, and then use expansion bolts installed in the outdoor copper wall.

To network and outdoor ground copper bars normally are responsible for the installation by the network provider.2 Ground card installation steps 1Ready tools: Cutter, screwdriver, wrench and needle nose pliers and so on.2Select the appropriate location of the grounding card installed, in accordance with the grounded card size cut 1 / 2 "cable feed the skin.3Card feeder ground will lead to net direction of ground wire, not reverse. Grounding line and the angle between the main feeder of not more than 15 degrees is appropriate, non-folding back phenomenon occurs.(Antenna system when installed in the tower, the grounding wire should be along the tower card down.(Antenna system installed on the roof, the ground hard ground floor should be toward the direction where the lightning network connection.4And the use of copper ground wire feeder outer conductor clamping retainer, so that copper ground clamps and feeder outer conductor a good slot.5Cards on the ground and feeder connections to waterproof.6Grounding the card can be connected to ground or rooftop outside the main body of the tower alignment rack (frame and the building alignment lightning network connection), in the joints within a radius of about 13 mm of paint and oxides to be removed cleanly and Antioxidant cream coated with a clean area, to ensure good electrical contact. Connected, the last and then cover a layer of anti rust paint.7 Ground in front of the main feeder burglary, receiving the card grounding outside rafts. (Usually installed in outdoor ground feeder ranked just below the window on the wall or roof rain wall feeder wells. In principle, appropriate to close the window away from the feeder.)3.3.9 Main feeder penetration roomIn the LTE system will generally be installed in the interior of the case RRU little room feeder penetration is rarely the case, described below is for general reference:1The notes of main feeder penetration room(the following picture drawn the ordinary situation of feeder into equipment room, feeder into the room, to ensure that rain water into the engine room feeders will not be necessary to be done to drip bend.( Feeder by feeder window into the room, indoor and outdoor part of the frame must have cabling rack.

2The installation steps of main feeder into the equipment room1Loosen the fastening feeder hose clamps on the window to the appropriate location, disconnect the feeder holes need to wear closures.2feeder will be pulled into the equipment room: feeders from the outside into the interior support rail alignment rack, you need two people with indoor and outdoor; to avoid damage the equipment when the main feeder into the room interior equipment, to avoid undue force during the installation process, leaving the external feeder damaged. Feeder screw firmly fixed in place pull hose clamps.3Accurate measurement, were cut with a saw cut on the feeder.(Tag checkBefore cut the feeder, to ensure temporary tags complete, after the cut pieces still have tags on the feeder. It is very important, otherwise likely to cause confusion.(Determine the cut positionThe cut position should be based on the installation location of RRU, feeder wiring bend radius requirements and aesthetic requirements of selected feeder cutting position. After accurate reduction of feeder, another joint production of feeder, feeder after the first production, for the antenna system VSWR test.3.4 Test VSWRAfter installation, must verify the VSWR of every feeder, the limit of VSWR is 1.5, if the value more than 1.5, we should check the RF system:

1Check the connector of feeder;

2Check the antenna

3 Check the interface of feeder, make sure without any damage and check the bending radius suit the request or not.

3.5 Waterproof connector

The steps of 1/2jumper and feeder connection are as follow:1Jumper with the main feeder to the antenna connector and tighten the connection.2Waterproof on the joints were sealed.1Connector connected, in accordance with the joint direction of tightening the connector half-way overlapping layer of electrical insulation tape on the winding, winding length of the tail beyond the joint 10 mm, winding should be subjected to sufficient tension.2When winding waterproof self-adhesive tape, start at the lower joint connecting place to start, filled with a small amount of low-lying part of the part.3Winding process need to be stretched to twice the length of adhesive tape, each joint using duct tape 60cm long, requiring winding layers. Direction and the feed head wound to be tightened in the same direction, makes the connection to avoid the winding course of the first loose feed.

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