Lorisweb.com1 Green Building Green buildings are an integral part of the solution to the...

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Green Building

Green buildings are an integral part of the solution to the environmental challenges facing the planet.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eRLJscAlk1M

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Environmental Problems

1. Pollution2. Global Warming3. Overpopulation4. Natural Resource Depletion5. Waste Disposal6. Climate Change7. Loss of Biodiversity8. Deforestation9. Ocean Acidification10. Ozone Layer Depletion11. Acid Rain12. Water Pollution13. Urban Sprawl14. Public Health Issues15. Genetic Engineering

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwTDvqaqPlM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmPHBhYaCR4

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Integrative Approach to Design and Construction

Owner Ultimate control over the LEED certification application. GBCI will respond to the owner regarding the administration of the

project over any other member of the project team.

Green Building Certification Institute (GBCI) is the organization responsible for administering LEED certification.

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Agent Granted actual authority by the owner to register the project and

accept the certification agreement. Confirmation of Agent’s Authority Form - must be signed and

uploaded in LEED Online

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Project Administrator Project manager, oversees the LEED project as well as which project

team members are responsible for certain tasks, credits or prerequisites.

Plays a key quality role by checking that the LEED submission is complete and accurate before submitting the project to GBCI for review, and accepting the review results once the review is complete.

Note: the individual who initially registers the project will automatically be granted the role of the project administrator, but the owner may transfer this role to another team member at any time.

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Time Line and TeamPREDESIGN Develop Green VisionEstablish Project Goals and Green Design CriteriaSet PrioritiesDevelop Building ProgramEstablish BudgetAssemble Green TeamDevelop Partnering StrategiesDevelop Project ScheduleReview Laws and StandardsConduct ResearchSelect Site

DESIGN Schematic DesignConfirm Green Design CriteriaDevelop Green SolutionsTest Green SolutionsSelect Green SolutionsCheck Cost Design DevelopmentRefine Green SolutionsDevelop, Test, Select Green SystemsCheck Cost Construction DocumentsDocument Green Materials and SystemsCheck Cost BIDClarify Green SolutionsEstablish CostSign Contract

CONSTRUCTION Review Substitutions and Submittals for Green ProductsReview Materials Test DataBuild ProjectCommission the SystemsTestingOperations and Maintenance ManualsTraining

OCCUPANCYRe-Commission the SystemsPerform MaintenanceConduct Post-Occupancy Evaluation

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Integrative Process – Three Phases

DiscoveryBefore schematic design begins

Design and ConstructionSchematic design

Occupancy, operations, and performance feedbackMeasure performanceCreate feedback mechanisms

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Integrative Process – Three Phases

Iterative ProcessAn iterative process is circular and repetitive. It provides opportunities for setting goals and checking each idea against those goals.

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charrette - intense workshops designed to produce specific deliverables.• At least one initial strategy meeting or LEED “charette” generally held

at the beginning of the project.• Charrettes assist in establishing green goals.• Goal – to develop possible design and strategies for greening a space DeliverablesThe typical deliverables from the initial strategy meeting are:1. LEED Project Goals2. Project Checklist3. Rating System Level of Certification

Integrative Process – Charrette

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Devising a LEED Work Plan

It is recommended that LEED applicants follow a series of steps to certification.Step 1. Initiate discovery phaseStep 2. Select LEED rating systemStep 3. Check minimum program requirementsStep 4. Establish project goalsStep 5. Define LEED project scopeStep 6. Develop LEED scorecardStep 7. Continue discovery phaseStep 8. Continue iterative processStep 9. Assign roles and responsibilitiesStep 10. Develop consistent documentationStep 11. Perform quality assurance review and

submit for certification

Integrative Process – LEED Work Plan

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Maintaining Consistency in the LEED Application

Mixed Use Residential and CommercialHospitality and Retail

Multitenant Complex Master Plan Development

Incomplete Spaces No more than 40% of certifying gross floor area may be incompleteException: LEED BD+C: Core and Shell rating system

Distinct Structures Larger than 25,000 SF must be registered as a separate projectGroup Certification - treat as separate building

Tenant Sales and LEED BD+C: Core and ShellLease Agreement Binding agreement provided with documentation

Signed by future tenantTerms of how technical credit requirements will be completed

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DensityA measure of the total building floor area or dwelling units on a parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. Units for measuring density may differ according to credit requirements. Does not include structured parking.


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Floor-Area Ratio (FAR)The density of nonresidential land use, exclusive of parking, measured as the total nonresidential building floor area divided by the total buildable land area available for nonresidential structures.


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Density can be measured Using: Floor Area Ratio (FAR) Dwelling Units per Acre (DU/acre) or Dwelling Units per hectacre

(DU/hectacre) Square Feet of Building Area per Acre of Buildable Land

To calculate the combined density for residential and nonresidential areas, use FAR.


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Determine the FARA LEED for Retail project has a total floor area of 12,400 square feet and the total buildable land is 0.4 hectacre. What is the Floor-Area Ratio for the project?


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FAR = 12,400 sf0.4 ha x 2.5 ac x 43,560 sf

ha ac


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FAR = 12,400 sf0.4 ha x 2.5 ac x 43,560 sf

ha ac

FAR = 12,400 sf43,560 sf

FAR = 0.285


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OccupancyRegular Building Occupants VisitorsPart-time and full-time employees Retail customersStaff OutpatientsVolunteers – regularly use a building Volunteers – periodically use a buildingResidents Higher-education studentsPrimary and secondary school studentsHotel guestsInpatients

Equation 1. FTE employees = Full-time employees + (Σ daily part-time employee hours / 8)

Equation 2. FTE employees = (Σ all employee hours / 8)


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Minimum Program Requirements (MPRs) Purpose: 1. Give clear guidance to customers 2. Protect the integrity of the LEED program 3. Reduce challenges that occur during the LEED certification process

Minimum Program Requirements (MPRs)

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1. Must be in a permanent location on existing land

Requirements All LEED projects must be constructed and operated on a permanent

location on existing land. No project that is designed to move at any point in its lifetime may

pursue LEED certification. This requirement applies to all land within the LEED project.


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2. Must use reasonable LEED boundaries

Requirements The LEED project boundary must include all contiguous land that is

associated with the project and supports its typical operations. The LEED boundary may not unreasonably exclude portions of the

building, space, or site to give the project an advantage in complying with credit requirements.

The LEED project must accurately communicate the scope of the certifying project in all promotional and descriptive materials and distinguish it from any non-certifying space.


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3. Must comply with project size requirements

Requirements LEED BD+C: minimum 1,000 square feet of gross floor area LEED O+M: minimum 1,000 square feet of gross floor area LEED ID+C: minimum 250 square feet of gross floor area LEED for Homes: defined as a “dwelling unit” by all applicable codes LEED for ND: at least 2 habitable buildings, no larger than 1500 acres


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LEED for Building Design and Construction Buildings that are new construction or major renovation. In addition, at least 60% of the project’s gross floor area must be complete by the time of certification (except for LEED BD+C: Core and Shell).

LEED BD+C: New Construction and Major Renovation. New construction or major renovation of buildings that do not primarily serve K-12 educational, retail, data centers, warehouses and distribution centers, hospitality, or healthcare uses. New construction also includes high-rise residential buildings 9 stories or more.

LEED BD+C: Core and Shell Development. Buildings that are new construction or major renovation for the exterior shell and core mechanical, electrical, and plumbing units, but not a complete interior fit-out. LEED BD+C: Core and Shell is the appropriate rating system to use if more than 40% of the gross floor area is incomplete at the time of certification.

Rating System Selection Guidance

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LEED BD+C: Schools.Buildings made up of core and ancillary learning spaces on K-12 school grounds. LEED BD+C: Schools may optionally be used for higher education and non-academic buildings on school campuses.

LEED BD+C: Retail.Buildings used to conduct the retail sale of consumer product goods. Includes both direct customer service areas (showroom) and preparation or storage areas that support customer service.

LEED BD+C: Data Centers.Buildings specifically designed and equipped to meet the needs of high density computing equipment such as server racks, used for data storage and processing. LEED BD+C: Data Centers only addresses whole building data centers (greater than 60%).


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LEED BD+C: Warehouses and Distribution Centers.Buildings used to store goods, manufactured products, merchandise, raw materials, or personal belongings, such as self-storage.

LEED BD+C: Hospitality.Buildings dedicated to hotels, motels, inns, or other businesses within the service industry that provide transitional or short-term lodging with or without food.

LEED BD+C: Healthcare.Hospitals that operate twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week and provide inpatient medical treatment, including acute and long-term care.


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LEED BD+C: Homes and Multifamily Lowrise.Single-family homes and multi-family residential buildings of 1 to 3 stories. Projects 3 to 5 stories may choose the Homes rating system that corresponds to the ENERGY STAR program in which they are participating.

LEED BD+C: Multifamily Midrise.Multi-family residential buildings of 4 to 8 occupiable stories above grade. The building must have 50% or more residential space. Buildings near 8 stories can inquire with USGBC about using Midrise or New Construction, if appropriate.


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LEED for Interior Design and Construction Interior spaces that are a complete interior fit-out. In addition, at least 60% of the project’s gross floor area must be complete by the time of certification. LEED ID+C: Commercial Interiors. Interior spaces dedicated to functions other than retail or hospitality. LEED ID+C: Retail. Interior spaces used to conduct the retail sale of consumer product goods. Includes both direct customer service areas (showroom) and preparation or storage areas that support customer service.

LEED ID+C: Hospitality. Interior spaces dedicated to hotels, motels, inns, or other businesses within the service industry that provide transitional or short-term lodging with or without food.


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LEED for Building Operations and Maintenance Existing buildings that are undergoing improvement work or little to no construction.

LEED O+M: Existing Buildings. Existing buildings that do not primarily serve K-12 educational, retail, data centers, warehouses and distribution centers, or hospitality uses.

LEED O+M: Retail. Existing buildings used to conduct the retail sale of consumer product goods. Includes both direct customer service areas (showroom) and preparation or storage areas that support customer service.

LEED O+M: Schools. Existing buildings made up of core and ancillary learning spaces on K-12 school grounds. May also be used for higher education and non-academic buildings on school campuses.


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LEED O+M: Hospitality. Existing buildings dedicated to hotels, motels, inns, or other businesses within the service industry that provide transitional or short-term lodging with or without food.

LEED O+M: Data Centers. Existing buildings specifically designed and equipped to meet the needs of high density computing equipment such as server racks, used for data storage and processing. LEED O+M: Data Centers only addresses whole building data centers.

LEED O+M: Warehouses and Distribution Centers. Existing buildings used to store goods, manufactured products, merchandise, raw materials, or personal belongings (such as self-storage).


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LEED for Neighborhood Development New land development projects or redevelopment projects containing residential uses, nonresidential uses, or a mix. Projects may be at any stage of the development process, from conceptual planning through construction. It is recommended that at least 50% of total building floor area be new construction or major renovation. Buildings within the project and features in the public realm are evaluated.

LEED ND: Plan. Projects in conceptual planning or master planning phases, or under construction.

LEED ND: Built Project. Completed development projects.


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Choosing Between Rating Systems 40/60 rule provides guidance for making a decision when several

rating systems appear to be appropriate for a project. To use this rule, first assign a rating system to each square foot or

square meter of the building. Then, choose the most appropriate rating system based on the resulting percentages.

The entire gross floor area of a LEED project must be certified under a single rating system and is subject to all prerequisites and attempted credits in that rating system, regardless of mixed construction or space usage type.

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USGBC Organizational Structure

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USGBC Organizational Structure

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