LNG SOLUTIONS

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LNG“FIRSTS” IN THE LNG MARKETApproximately one-third of the LNG produced is produced using Dresser-Rand compressors.

Dresser-Rand has a significant installed base of main refrig-eration compression equipment operating in LNG facilities around the world (see Figure 1). Our compressors were used for the first export of LNG from Algeria and were also selected for the first US-based LNG installation in Kenai, Alaska, using a U.S. operator’s own process. Dresser-Rand compressors were the first used in LNG plants with production in excess of 1 million tons per annum (MTPA) using the C3/MR process. Also, Dresser-Rand compressors were the first to be selected in lique-faction plants driven by large, heavy-duty gas turbines.

TODAY, D-R PLAYS KEY ROLE IN PROVIDING CLEAN FUEL ENERGY SUPPLIESMore recently, Dresser-Rand was selected to provide several medi-um- to small-size identical main refrigeration units to facilitate the dispatch of gas in a remote location in China where the gas pipe infrastructure is not fully developed. These units are typi-cally 16,000 horsepower (11,900 kW) for production of 400,000 tons of LNG per year. The use of duplicate DATUM units at multiple facilities provides advantages to the equipment operators of these plants because they can share spare parts and service-related activities.

Other mini LNG facilities convert natural gas supplies into LNG for transportation by truck or rail to markets not served by gas pipe-lines. These plants are producing 25,000 to 200,000 tons of LNG

LNG INDUSTRY GROWTH Dresser-Rand® has been involved with the world’s leading LNG producers since the technology was first introduced. As interest in LNG has expanded recently, companies are recognizing the added benefits of Dresser-Rand’s advanced technologies such as the DATUM® and VECTRA® product lines. Innovations in Dresser-Rand’s high-efficiency DATUM line of centrifugal com-pressors and VECTRA power turbines have supported signifi-cant advancements in natural gas recovery and transport. Our innovations in compression tech-nology, rotor dynamics and head capacity per compressor case provide incremental production. In addition, other innovations in compressors and turbines for LNG applications can help maximize production by reduc-ing the number and duration of maintenance shutdowns.

Solutions

Dresser-Rand DATUM LNG liquefaction compressor in service in China.

LNG industry expects growth for

the next five to 10 years.

Bringing energy and the environment into harmony.SM

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a year depending upon the power installed. Today, there are 55 such plants worldwide, ranging from 1,000 to 8,000 horsepower (700 to 6,000 kW) each.

BOIL OFF GAS COMPRESSORS For low-temperature applications Boil off gas is a cryogenic appli-cation with operating tempera-tures as low as -256 degrees Fahrenheit (-160 degrees Celsius). Liquefied gasses are stored in containers (tanks) where the pressure is close to atmospheric pressure. As heat is absorbed into the container from the surrounding environment, the liquid boils and liberates gas, pressurizing the container. During the filling of the system there

is a larger volume of gas liber-ated due to system cool-down. The boil off vapor compressor takes the evaporated gas at the storage temperature and pres-sure and compresses it. The

compressed vapor is then cooled and expanded to re-liquefy it – or it is cooled and injected directly into a pressurized liquid stream for sale of gas.

Figure 1. D-R has extensive experience in LNG. As of December 2009, approximately one-third of the world’s LNG production is achieved using D-R compressors.

Boil off gas compressor.

Large compressor, full-load test center in Le Havre, France.

Dresser-Rand uses its critical service (API-618 and ISO-13707) horizontal, balanced-opposed frames and cylinders with materials (e.g., ferritic or aus-tenitic alloys) selected to best suit the gas inlet temperature and required service conditions. These units are designed for superior reliability and minimize gas leakage across the piston that reduces power require-ments. Clearance pockets and end unloading can trim capacity to match process requirements and is more efficient than bypass systems.

COMMITTED TO QUALITY To make sure it performs for you, we make sure it performs for us.

Dresser-Rand has world-class test facilities capable of full per-formance testing of centrifugal LNG equipment at its facilities in Olean, New York, USA and Le Havre, France.

Dresser-Rand recently completed construction of its large com-pressor, full-load test facility in Le Havre, France, increasing its worldwide testing capacity for natural gas up to 200,000 horsepower (150 MW) (gas turbine drive) or 134,000 horsepower (100 MW) (electrical drive). The center comprises four test benches -- 33 feet wide and 148 feet long (10 meters and 45 meters) -- that can accom-modate compressors weighing

more than 500 tons with rotors exceeding 50 tons and running at speeds of 3,000 rpm and above. Maximum test power is 200,000 horsepower (150 MW); maximum discharge pressure is 15,000 psi (1,000 bar).

FLOATING LIQUEFACTION OPPORTUNITIESOffshore floating projects present opportunities in environmentally challenging regions.

Floating liquefaction units provide an economic means to develop economically stranded reserves, or ESRs (also referred to as “stranded fields” or “stranded reservoirs”) to help meet the world’s growing demand for natural gas. In recent years, as accessible reserves have become more difficult to find,

greater attention has been given to the feasibility of ESRs. One of the reasons for this change in outlook is that more stringent environmental regulations – such as anti-flaring or emissions polices – are being put into place.

While the conventional, land- based LNG projects focus on an estimated 70 to 80 fields with gas reserves greater than 5 trillion cubic feet, or TCF, (140 bcm) there are more than 1,400 small-to-medium size fields with reserves between 0.25 and 5 TCF (35 bcm and 140 bcm). This provides a target market of approximately 150 TCF (4 trillion cubic meters, or TCM) that can be developed using floating LNG technology.

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Dresser-Rand was awarded a contract to supply DATUM compression equipment for the world’s first floating liquefaction plant (FLNG), the Flex LNG Ltd. LNGP1. The floating LNG unit will have a liquefaction capacity of approximately 1.7 MTPA.

This is the first time a D-R DR63G gas turbine is being used as a mechanical drive and it is the first time Dresser-Rand has applied its mini-module gas-packaging concept to a self-contained turbine/compressor module. It can be lifted on board a production ship as a single unit, reducing the time and expense required in the shipyard to connect and flush pipes, connect and loop test wiring and perform other installation tasks.

Floating LNG

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Model Gas Generator

ISO Power ISO Heat Rate Shaft Speed (RPM)hp MW BTU/hph kJ/kWh

VECTRA 30G HS LM 2500 31,469 23,467 6,816 9,645 6,200

DR-61G LM 2500 32,011 23,871 6,777 9,589 3,600

VECTRA 40G LM 2500+ 42,102 31,396 6,347 8,981 6,200

DR-61GP LM 2500+ 42,066 31,369 6,441 9,114 3,600

VECTRA 40G4 LM 2500+G4 45,902 34,230 6,316 8,937 6,200

DR-61G4 LM 2500+G4 45,396 33,852 6,434 9,104 3,600

DR-63G PC LM 6000 PC 59,436 44,322 6,042 8,549 3,600

DR-63G PG LM 6000 PG 66,822 49,830 6,054 8,566 3,743

D-R Mechanical Drive G.T.s

Notes: 1. Ratings are continuous, ISO conditions, 59 degrees Fahrenheit (15 degrees Celsius), 60 percent RH, no duct losses, natural gas fuel, SAC turbines. 2. DLE is available for all turbines shown above.

Model Gas Generator

ISO Power ISO Heat Rate Shaft Speed (RPM)MWe BTU/kWeh kJ/kWeh

VECTRA 30G HS LM 2500 22,767 9,428 9,941 6,200

DR-61G LM 2500 23,394 9,280 9,785 3,600

VECTRA 40G LM 2500+ 30,460 8,780 9,257 6,200

DR-61GP LM 2500+ 30,742 8,821 9,300 3,600

VECTRA 40G4 LM 2500+G4 33,209 8,737 9,212 6,200

DR-61G4 LM 2500+G4 33,175 8,811 9,290 3,600

DR-63G PC LM 6000 PC 43,738 8,166 8,610 3,600

DR-63G PG LM 6000 PG 50,447 8,213 8,659 3,930

D-R Gensets

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ISO performance comparison within VECTRA family.

VECTRA power turbine on maintenance dolly.

Turbine

POWER GENERATION AND MECHANICAL DRIVES FOR OFFSHORE APPLICATIONSDuring the past 40 years, gas turbine units have played an increasingly important role in the oil & gas markets and is the driver of choice for power generation and large mechanical drive applications. Dresser-Rand is recognized internationally with turbine packages operating in more than 60 countries.

Dresser-Rand designs and builds engineered-to-order packages for all model variants of General Electric's LM2500 and LM6000 range of gas turbines. Our modular aeroderivative gas gen-erator and power turbine design concepts allow short change-out times and reduce life cycle

costs while increasing unit availability. D-R packages are carefully designed to

save installation time and money, and to maximize

availability. Our low-weight, compact footprint designs are ideal for space-sensitive offshore installations.

Dresser-Rand offers two power turbine options that permit direct-coupled two-pole or geared four-pole generators, and optimal speed-matching for mechanical drive applications. Models range from 23 MW to 50 MW ISO, providing optimal efficiency and installed weight on projects with 23~100 MW blocks of electrical power or compression.

Emissions control systems include dry low emission (DLE) combustors for NOx and CO and water injection and steam injection for NOx suppression. Dresser-Rand’s DLE combus-tion systems are suitable in upstream oil and gas applica-tions for both gas and liquid fuels. World-class heat rates reduce fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. For example, our DLE solutions for the VECTRA 40G can reduce NOx emissions by approximately 80 percent compared to unabated combustors.

Packages

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50Ambient Temp (°C)

Shaf

t Pow

er (K

W)

Assumptions:• ISO conditions• 6,200 PT shaft speed• Standard natural gas• DLE combustion system

VECTRA 40G4VECTRA 40G+G4VECTRA 40GVECTRA 30G

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DR-61G4 (LM2500+G4) genset for FPSO.

PACKAGE DESIGN AND AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT Dresser-Rand turbine packages are designed to fulfill the needs of clients in many markets including oil and gas, industrial, continuous duty systems, and standby plant applications. Dresser-Rand’s experience includes systems incorporating heavy-duty turbines as well as General Electric aeroderivative engines.

Our GT packages are custom-ized for clients with specific requirements, including:

❚Specialty piping and tubing materials

❚ Configurable intake and exhaust systems to accommodate any installation orientation

❚Optional pre-wired, on-base local equipment room to house UCP, generator controls, MCC, and UPS

❚Turnkey supply of waste heat recovery units, including design of intake/exhaust support structures

❚Compact, single-lift, three- point mount packages for offshore and FPSO applications

Dresser-Rand builds opera-tions- and maintenance-friendly turbine packages and has been recognized for "safety through design" for including features such as outside access to pumps, valves, filters, and coolers, which allow for easy handling and overhead lifting.

Standard turbine enclosures are designed for noise attenuation to 85-dbA (decibels) at 1-meter. Dresser-Rand has experience building packages to less than 80-dBA (decibels).

Doors in the turbine enclosure allow easy access for mainte-nance personnel; larger doors open to facilitate power turbine and gas generator installation and removal.

The interior of the packages was also created with ease of maintenance in mind. Abundant lighting is provided throughout the interior and mounted behind protective covers, increasing visibility and safety for workers during turbine maintenance.

Each package includes an inter-nal jib crane, eliminating the need for overhead cranes and external A-frames. Jib cranes for packages used in floating applications – like FPSOs – are fitted with hydraulic actuators to maintain safe crane control during adverse sea and weather conditions.

ADVANCED COMPRESSOR CONTROLS AND CONDITION MONITORINGFor enhanced compression reliability and efficiency

For more than 50 years, Dresser-Rand has designed, built, tested, and commissioned advanced compressor control systems for specialized processes such as LNG using the latest rotating equipment control technology. Gas turbine- and motor-driven reciprocating and centrifugal compressor controls using our patented control algorithms integrate compressor and process, resulting in greater overall efficiency and reliability. Dresser-Rand has delivered more than 400 gas turbine-driven compression control systems for a variety of compression processes, including LNG.

D-R Envision™ condition monitoring software combines compression train operation, performance and diagnostics into a reliable, powerful, easy-to-use compression train monitoring system. The Envision suite uses an integrated approach to condition monitoring and allows worldwide remote access to compression train operation, performance and diagnostic information. It allows clients to better manage assets and to help them lower total life cycle cost of their rotating equipment.

Controls

Form 85227

©2011 Dresser-Rand. DRESSER-RAND is a registered trademark of Dresser-Rand Company. Printed in U.S.A.

This brochure comprises a general overview of the Dresser-Rand products described herein. It is solely for informational purposes, does not represent a warranty or guarantee of the information contained herein, and is not to be construed as an offer to sell or solicitation to buy. Contact Dresser-Rand for detailed design and engineering information suitable to your specific applications. Dresser-Rand reserves the right to modify its products and related product information at any time without prior notice.

For a complete list of products and services, visit www.dresser-rand.com or contact the following:

CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS

Dresser-Rand West8 Tower Suite 1000 10205 Westheimer Rd Houston, TX 77042 USA Tel: (Int’l +1) 713-354-6100 Fax: (Int’l +1) 713-354-6110

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Email: info@dresser-rand.com

REGIONAL HEADQUARTERS The AmericasWest8 Tower, Suite 100010205 Westheimer RoadHouston, Texas 77042Tel: (Int'l +1) 713-354-6100Fax: (Int'l +1) 713-354-6110

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Asia-PacificDresser-Rand Asia Pacific Sdn BhdUnit 9-4, 9th FloorBangunan Malaysian Re17 Lorong DungunDamansara Heights50490 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaTel: (Int'l +60) 3-2093-6633Fax: (Int'l +60) 3-2093-2622

FPO