Living Systems A.Characteristics of life B.Taxonomic levels C.Four Kingdoms of Eukarya D.What about...
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Transcript of Living Systems A.Characteristics of life B.Taxonomic levels C.Four Kingdoms of Eukarya D.What about...
Living Systems
A. Characteristics of life
B. Taxonomic levels
C. Four Kingdoms of Eukarya
D. What about viruses?
A. Characteristics of life
• 1. Living organisms are made of cells
• 2. Respond to their environment
A. Characteristics of life
• 1. Living organisms are made of cells
• 2. Respond to their environment
• 3. Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms
A. Characteristics of life
• 1. Living organisms are made of cells
• 2. Respond to their environment
• 3. Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms
• 4. Movement
A. Characteristics of life
• 1. Living organisms are made of cells
• 2. Respond to their environment
• 3. Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms
• 4. Movement• 5. Metabolism
A. Characteristics of life
• 1. Living organisms are made of cells
• 2. Respond to their environment
• 3. Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms
• 4. Movement• 5. Metabolism• 6. Excretion• 7. Reproduction
A. Characteristics of life
• 1. Living organisms are made of cells
• 2. Respond to their environment
• 3. Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms
• 4. Movement• 5. Metabolism• 6. Excretion• 7. Reproduction• 8. Grow and develop
A. Characteristics of life
• 1. Living organisms are made of cells
• 2. Respond to their environment
• 3. Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms
• 4. Movement• 5. Metabolism• 6. Excretion• 7. Reproduction• 8. Grow and develop• 9. Populations evolve
A. Characteristics of life
• 1. Living organisms are made of cells
• 2. Respond to their environment
• 3. Maintenance of homestasis by feedback mechanisms
• 4. Movement• 5. Metabolism• 6. Excretion• 7. Reproduction• 8. Grow and develop• 9. Populations evolve• 10. Genetic material
B. Introduction to Taxonomy
• 1. Taxonomy is the study of classification
• 2. The field of taxonomy is in a state of flux
B. Introduction to Taxonomy
• 1. Taxonomy is the study of classification
• 2. The field of taxonomy is in a state of flux
• 3. Organisms previously have been organized and classified based upon morphological and embryological similarities and differences
B. Introduction to Taxonomy
• 1. Taxonomy is the study of classification• 2. The field of taxonomy is in a state of flux• 3. Organisms previously have been
organized and classified based upon morphological and embryological similarities and differences
• 4. With increasingly strong powers of observation, older schemes are being replaced with newer taxonomic schemes
B. Introduction to Taxonomy
• 1. Taxonomy is the study of classification• 2. The field of taxonomy is in a state of flux• 3. Organisms previously have been
organized and classified based upon morphological and embryological similarities and differences
• 4. With increasingly strong powers of observation, older schemes are being replaced with newer taxonomic schemes
• 5. The older five kingdom approach is being replaced with a system which adds a new taxon at a higher more inclusive level.
6. Levels of taxa
• Domain– Eubacteria– Archaebacteria– EukaryaKingdomPhylum Class Order Family GenusSpecies
7. Terminology
• a. Procaryotic vs. eucaryotic
• b. Autotrophic vs. heterotrophic
• c. Monophyletic vs. polyphyletic
C. Four Kingdoms of the Eukarya• 1. Plant Kingdom
– Cell walls and membranes
– Photoautotrophic– Relatively immobile,
but still possess the ability to move
– Eucaryotic– Multicellular– Monophyletic
Four Kingdoms of the Eukarya
• 2. Animalia– Cell membranes only– Ingestive heterotrophs– Mobile– Eucaryotic– Multicellular– Monophyletic
Four Kingdoms of the Eukarya
• 3. Fungi-a kingdom of questionable origin– Cell walls but made out of
chitin/cellulose– Heterotrophic but
absorptive instead of ingestive
– Relatively immobile except for the slime molds
– Eucaryotic– Multicellular– Monophyletic
Four Kingdoms of the Eukarya
• 4. Protista– Apparently
polyphyletic– Some appear to be
more closely related to animals than to plants
Four phyla of the Eukarya
• 4. Protista– Apparently
polyphyletic– Some appear to be
more closely related to animals than to plants
Four Kingdoms of the Eukarya
• 4. Protista– Apparently
polyphyletic– Some appear to be
more closely related to plants than animals
To which domain does the virus organism belong?
25% 25%25%25%1. Eubacteria
2. Archaebacteria
3. Eukarya
4. None of the above