Linked GeoRef
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DATA LYSATORweb data solutions and training
Linked GeoRefAn Open Dataset and API for Improving GeographicalAnnotation and Finding of Public Sector Information
Knud Möller (Datalysator), Florian Marienfeld (Willhöft IT) 2nd Open Data Dialog, 19 November 2013, Berlin, Germany
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
The Challenge
•Most (Open (Government)) datasets refer to some location.
•Let’s declare that in the metadata!
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http://www.opendata-hro.de
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Which Standard?•There are plenty of options
• ISO authority: ISO 3166-1/2, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions
• EU regulation: NUTS (Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics)
• German elaboration: Amtlicher Gemeindeschlüssel (AGS) / Amtlicher Regionalschlüssel (ARS)
• Geometry: Geographical Bounding Boxes
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Best fit for Germany?• AGS would work great
• From federal states down to boroughs:
• 05: Nordrhein-Westfalen
• 3: Regierungsbezirk Köln
• 82: Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
• 064: Gemeinde Swisttal
➡ 0538364
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05: Nordrhein-Westfalen
053: Regierungsbezirk Köln
05382: Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training 5
05382064: Gemeinde Swisttal
Map
s ta
ken
from
Wik
iped
ia
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Problems with AGS
•only Germany
•not even all of it:
•no further detail for city-states like Berlin or Hamburg (no “Neukölln” in AGS)
• city states have their own local systems, e.g. “Lebensweltlich orientierte Räume” (LOR) in Berlin
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Problems with others• NUTS and ISO:
• not as detailed as AGS
• not “at home” in administration
• bounding boxes
• not precise enough
• coordinates not so easy to read as text
• Everybody likes their own approach best...
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Why Choose?
• Proposal: Linked Data solution
• combine all approaches in one dataset
• every code in every system gets unique identifier: a URI - dereference it (surf to it) and find out what it means!
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• codes are linked: what is the same? what is contained in what (hierarchy)?
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Linked GeoRef• http://lgeoref.org/nuts/DE (Germany)
• http://lgeoref.org/nuts/DEA (North Rhine-Westphalia)
• http://lgeoref.org/ags/05 (North Rhine-Westphalia)
• http://lgeoref.org/ags/12 (Brandenburg)
• http://lgeoref.org/ags/05/3/82 (Rhein-Sieg-Kreis)
• http://lgeoref.org/berlin/lor/08 (Neukölln)
• http://lgeoref.org/berlin/lor/02/02/02/06 (Graefekiez)
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Integrate Reference Systems
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DE
DEA DE3
Germany
NRW Berlin
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Integrate Reference Systems
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DE
DEA DE3
Germany
1105
05/3
05/3/82
05/3/82/064
NRW Berlin
Reg.-Bez. Köln
Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
Swisttal
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Integrate Reference Systems
12
DE
DEA DE3
Germany
1105
05/3
05/3/82
05/3/82/064
NRW Berlin
Reg.-Bez. Köln
Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
Swisttal
02
02/02
02/02/02
02/02/02/08
08
Neukölln
Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg
Kreuzberg Süd
Tempelhofer Vorstadt
Graefekiez
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training 13
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Usecase: govdata.de
• geo-referencing data
• map-based search and filtering
• hard to enforce one scheme in metadata
• Linked GeoRef could help: spatial-uri field in addition to spatial (coordinates) and spatial-text (human-readable):
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"spatial-uri": "http://lgeoref.org/berlin/lor/08"
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Usecase: Code Converter
• convert between different reference systems
• “which AGS is this NUTS ‘DEE’”?
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Collateral Usage
•central reference point for different code systems
•lookup for relations between codes (containment, identity, overlap, etc.)
•links to other widely-used reference datasets, e.g. DBpedia, GeoNames
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Internals• data in various formats (mostly Excel) from various
sources converted to RDF
• interlinked, enriched and linked to external data (DBpedia, Geonames)
• each reference system in its own namespace
• http://lgeoref.org/ags/
• http://lgeoref.org/nuts/
• http://lgeoref.org/berlin/lor/
• etc.
• hosted in RDF store with SPARQL endpoint (dydra.com)
• simple Linked Data frontend with Pubby
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
Take-home• challenge: Open Data needs geographical
context
• many useful geo reference systems (AGS, NUTS, ...)
• but: everybody likes a different one
• so: don’t choose, use all of them together
• Linked GeoRef provides integrated, dereferenceable framework for this
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D TALYSATORweb data solutions and training
References
• NUTS: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/nuts_nomenclature/introduction
• AGS: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amtlicher_Gemeindeschlüssel
• LOR: http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/planen/basisdaten_stadtentwicklung/lor/
• Dydra: http://dydra.com
• Pubby: https://github.com/cygri/pubby
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