Abolition War, 1863-1865: Politics of Abolition War

Lincoln and Douglass, on Abolition War

Road to Abolition War

Ben Butlers Contraband Policy (May 1861)First Confiscation Act (August 1861)Fremont issues first Emancipation ProclamationGen. David Hunter emancipates slaves in S.C., GA, FLSecond Confiscation ActPreliminary and Final Emancipation Proclamations

Why is Emancipation Proclamation Important?

Publicizes emancipation policyGives 2nd Confiscation Act teeth.Massive arming of black troopsMoral war: message to Europe.Effects of Emancipation Proclamation in North

Slaves crucial source of Union powerEffect of Emancipation Proclamation in North:

Fuels Copperhead Democratic peace movement.Copperheads receive support from Confederacy.Coincides with Northern conscription (state, then federal)Explain Copperhead peace movementExplain central differences between Preliminary and Final Emancipation Proclamation:Preliminary: colonizationFinal: arms blacks (William Cooper Nell)5National ConscriptionIn North:March 1863 avoid it by hiring substitute or paying $300.

In South:April 1862; first conscription law in American history.Avoid it by hiring substitute or paying $300Second Conscription Act in October 1862Twenty Negro LawRich Mans War, Poor Mans FightEmancipation roughly coincides with conscription.6Mathew Brady, Clement L. Vallandigham, albumen print, c. 1862

Clement L. VallandighamPhotographed by Brady, Harpers Weekly, June 6, 1863

Arrest of Hon. C. L. Vallandigham, at Dayton, Ohio, May 5, Frank Leslies Illustrated, May 23, 1863 (front page image)

Effect of Emancipation Proclamation:In North:

Fuels Northerners who had believed that the war to preserve Union must also be a war to end slavery.Fuels Interracial Collaboration:Fight common enemyNeed each otherFuels Northern Racism

Explain Copperhead peace movementExplain central differences between Preliminary and Final Emancipation Proclamation:Preliminary: colonizationFinal: arms blacks (William Cooper Nell)10Effect of Emancipation Proclamation:In South:Fuels Hatred Against NorthEmancipation treated as slave insurrectionJefferson Davis:He issues order to kill or enslave captured black soldiers.

Effect of Emancipation Proclamation:In South:Further Divides the South:Convinces slaves that they have powerful allyReduced risks in fleeing to Union lines and serving Union army.Non-slaveholding Whites Feel Alienated:Second Conscription Act: Rich mans war, poor mans fight.Rise of Southern Unionism.The South Against the South

BlacksSouthern UnionistsThe North against the North

Rise of Copperheads and their alliance with the Confederacy.Vacant ChairKathy MatteaSongs Of The Civil War, track 18/25, disc 1/11991Folk252751.55eng - Amazon.com Song ID: 203929318